scholarly journals Correlation between Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels and Positive Tread Mill Test in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopinath Subbaian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Mill Test ◽  
Hba1c Levels

scholarly journals Use Of The GLYCEMIZER® Tool By General Practitioners To Meet Individual Glycated Hemoglobin Goals In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Byron Hatziisaak ◽  
Telemachos Hatziisaak ◽  
Urs Keller
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background — For general practitioners (GPs), it is often not easy to determine the individual glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-goal of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in order to offer them a tailored treatment and minimize side effects. Usually, they simply rely on their gut feeling. Objective — We assessed the usefulness of an easy-to-use algorithm (GLYCEMIZER®) to calculate individual HbA1c-goals and compared them with targeted (‘gut feeling’ of the GP’s) and achieved levels. Material and Methods — In this cross-sectional survey, general practitioners were asked to report anonymized data of at least 30 consecutive patients with T2DM presenting in their offices from May 1st to August 15th 2016 after obtaining informed consent. Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were used for the GLYCEMIZER® tool to calculate the individual HbA1c-goals. A statistical analysis was conducted in order to compare the calculated HbA1c-goals with targeted and achieved HbA1c-levels. Results — A total of 184 patients (mean age: 69y) were enrolled by 6 participating general practitioners from the Werdenberg-Sarganserland region in eastern Switzerland. Four patients did not meet the inclusion criteria. The overall median calculated HbA1c-goal did not differ from the targeted and achieved levels (7.1% vs. 7.0% vs. 7.1%, p=0.894). There was a significant difference between achieved and calculated HbA1c-levels in patients aged <50 (n=13, median 7.2% vs. 6.5%, p=0.014), goals not achieved) and patients aged >71 (n=85, median 6.9% vs. 7.5%, p=0.005), lower levels achieved in relation to calculated HbA1c-goals). Both in patients treated with insulin (n=44) and in patients without insulin (n=136) the achieved HbA1c-levels met the calculated goals (no insulin: 6.9% vs. 7.0%, ns; with insulin: 7.8% vs. 7.7%, ns). In regard to CKD-stages 3 and 4 the achieved HbA1c-levels were significantly lower than calculated (n= 41, median 6.9% vs. 7.6%, p=0.001). Conclusion — Calculating HbA1c-goals using the GLYCEMIZER tool is more accurate than relying on gut feeling alone, and is specifically useful in the treatment of patients with T2DM of less than 50, as well as more than 70 years of age. Furthermore, it is helpful to meet individual HbA1c-goals in patients with CKD-stages 3+.

scholarly journals Impact of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in the Activity of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Human Erythrocyte

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Awla Hamzah ◽  
Luqman Awla Hamza ◽  
Heshu Sulaman Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
G6pd Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic affliction saunter that is characterized by a nobler than normal blood glucose poise. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme code (E.C.1.1.1.49) is an underlying enzyme in the phosphogluconate pathway. In this study, G6PD vitality in the mortal erythrocyte of male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was assessed utilizing a spectrophotometer at 340 nm. The activity of the enzyme increased with elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels. G6PD activity was found to be significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The association between G6PD and diabetes mellitus was significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, G6PD was positively correlated with HbA1C levels (r = 0.572). The following mean ± standard deviation values were obtained: G6PD activity (IU/g Hb), 3.1103 ± 0.79349; HbA1C (%), 8.6600 ± 1.63120; Hb (g/dL), 13.4933 ± 1.38836; platelet count (103/µl), 283.4667 ± 58.59312; WBC (103/µl), 7.4890 ± 1.49842; HCT (%), 45.0100 ± 2.63430; and BS (mg/dL), 230.2667 ± 75.67760. The results showed that an elevated HbA1C up leads to increased G6PD performance in the human erythrocyte, which is concerning to glucose levels in the special (blood).

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study: an assessment of low muscle mass and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a high glycated hemoglobin level

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110267
Author(s):  
Lingna Fang ◽  
Shao Zhong ◽  
Dan Ma ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Yanmin Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Osteoporosis In Men ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: Low muscle mass and osteoporosis are commonly observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the prevalence of low muscle mass and osteoporosis in patients with T2DM who had high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Methods: We included 187 Chinese patients with T2DM who were aged ⩾50 years and evaluated their body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We measured levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, B collagen-specific sequences (B-CTX), osteocalcin (OC), propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), and 25-hydroxy vitamin D. Results: Of the total patients, 82 were men and 105 were women. The prevalence rates of low muscle mass, osteopenia, and osteoporosis were 35.8%, 38.0%, and 31.0%, respectively. The prevalence rate of low muscle mass was significantly higher in women with HbA1c levels >9.0% than in those with HbA1c levels <9.0%. The prevalence rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis in men with HbA1c levels >9.0% differed significantly from those with HbA1c levels <9.0%. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), trunk muscle mass, lumbar spinal bone mineral content (BMC), lumbar spine BMD, femoral BMC, and femoral BMD were significantly decreased, and the serum levels of B-CTX, OC, and P1NP were significantly increased in patients with T2DM who had osteoporosis. The ASMI was associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in men and women with T2DM. Conclusions: In patients with T2DM, high HbA1c levels were associated with higher prevalence rates of low muscle mass in women and osteoporosis in men, and ASMI was a risk factor of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals TheType 2 Deiodinase Thr92Ala PolymorphismIs Associated with Worse Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Wenqing Han ◽  
Yaqiu Jiang ◽  
Shiqiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective. Type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3. The Thr92Ala polymorphism has been shown related to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to assess the association between this polymorphism and glycemic control in T2DM patients as marked by the HbA1C levels.Design and Methods.The terms “rs225014,” “thr92ala,” “T92A,” or “dio2 a/g” were used to search for eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies including both polymorphism testing and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) assays were performed.Results. Four studies were selected, totaling 2190 subjects. The pooled mean difference of the studies was 0.48% (95% CI, 0.18–0.77%), indicating that type 2 diabetics homozygous for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism had higher HbA1C levels.Conclusions. Homozygosity for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with higher HbA1C levels in T2DM patients. To confirm this conclusion, more studies of larger populations are needed.

scholarly journals ADHERENCE LEVEL AND BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WHO GETS COUNSELING AND SHORT MESSAGES SERVICE AS REMINDER AND MOTIVATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirawan Adikusuma ◽  
Nurul Qiyaam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Short Messages

  Objective: Examines the effects of counseling and short messages service (SMS) as a reminder and motivation toward medication adherence improvement and controlled HbA1c levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with prospective data retrieval. The subjects of this study were 40 patients with outpatient T2DM in internal disease polyclinic in West Nusa Tenggara Hospital, Indonesia. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: The control group (n=20) receiving only the drug care service and the treatment group (n=20) receiving counseling and SMS reminder and motivation from the pharmacist. Data collecting was conducted using the pill count method, and HbA1c levels were taken from the medical record.Results: The results showed that counseling and SMS as reminder and motivation by a pharmacist can improve treatment adherence significantly (p<0.05) by 11.33 ± 8.47 and can decrease HbA1c level significantly (p<0.05) of 1.32 ± 0.72 in the intervention group. There was a positive correlation between T2DM patient treatment adherence to HbA1c levels (r=0.254, p=0.023).Conclusion: The provision of counseling and SMS as a reminder and motivation by the pharmacist can have a positive effect toward medication adherence and control of HbA1c in T2DM patients. 

scholarly journals Correlation Between Lipid Profile with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Angiesta Pinakesty ◽  
Restu Noor Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that has increased from year to year. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by lack of insulin secretion, but is caused by the failure of the body's cells to respond to the hormone insulin (insulin resistance). Insulin resistance was found to be a major contributor to atherogenic dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia in DM risks 2 to 4 times higher than non-DM. Although dyslipidemia has a great risk for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, this conventional risk factor only explains a portion (25%) of excess cardiovascular risk in type 2 DM. Discussion: In uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, LDL oxidation occurs faster which results from an increase in chronic blood glucose levels. Glycemic control as a determinant of DM progressivity is determined through HbA1c examination. HbA1c levels are associated with blood triglyceride levels. Meanwhile, triglyceride levels are associated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels. HbA1c levels are also associated with LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There is a relationship between lipid profile and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus.   Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, HbA1c, glycemic control, lipid profile

scholarly journals MOLECULAR ASPECT CORRELATION BETWEEN GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN (HBA1C), PROTHROMBIN TIME (PT) AND ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME (APTT) ON TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) (Aspek molekuler Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin Terglikasi (HbA1c), Prothrombin Time (PT) dan Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) di Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Indranila KS
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Molecular Aspect ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes Melitus (DM) memerlukan pengendalian glikemia yang dapat diketahui dengan melakukan pemeriksaan hemoglobinterglikasi (HbA1c). Semakin tinggi kadar hemoglobin terglikasi (HbA1c), semakin tidak terkendali kadar gula darah pasien DM tipe2. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya proses hiperkoagulasi dan gangguan mikrovaskular maupun makrovaskular. PemeriksaanProtrombin Time (PT) dan Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) diharapkan dapat mendeteksi secara dini adanya gangguankoagulasi di pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian potong lintang terhadap 72 orang pasien DM tipe 2 yang berusia diatas 18 tahun diperiksakadar HbA1c dan dikaji koagulasi (PT dan APTT). Pasien dengan penyakit penyerta seperti anemia dan kelainan hemoglobin, keganasanatau kelainan hematologis, pasca bedah, hipertiroid, perempuan hamil, riwayat penyakit hati dan pasien yang mengkonsumsi obatobatanyang mengganggu fungsi koagulasi dikeluarkan dari penelitian ini. Uji normalitas data menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnovdan analisis hubungan menggunakan uji Pearson. Analisis kenasaban terdapat hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin terglikasi denganProthrombin Time negatif lemah (r= -0,179; p=0,132) dan dengan Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time positif sangat lemah (r=0,016;p=0,892). Berdasarkan telitian ini terdapat hubungan negatif lemah yang bermakna antara kadar hemoglobin terglikasi dengan PTdan hubungan positif sangat lemah yang tidak bermakna dengan Activated Partial Thomboplastin Time.

scholarly journals HBA1C LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT INCIDENCE OF THROMBOTIC STROKE (Kadar HbA1c Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan dan Tanpa Kejadian Strok Infark Trombotik)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Dafina Balqis ◽  
Yudhi Adrianto ◽  
Jongky Hendro Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Strok saat ini menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian global. Hubungan antara kejadian strok dengan diabetes telahlama diketahui. Kontrol gula darah, yang dipantau melalui kadar HbA1c, telah menunjukkan hubungan dengan strok dan penyakitkardiovaskular lain. Kajian ini untuk menentukan perbedaan kadar HbA1c antara pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan dan tanpakejadian strok infark trombotik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis retrospektif menggunakan rekam medis pasienselama 3,5 tahun. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data kadar HbA1c dari 443 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 kemudian membandingkanrerata kadar HbA1c antara pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan kejadian strok trombotik (n=74) dan tanpa kejadian strok trombotik(n=369). Perbandingan tingkat HbA1c juga dilakukan secara terpisah antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Kajian ini menemukan reratakadar HbA1c yang tinggi di kedua kelompok sampel (10,49%±2,53% untuk kelompok dengan kejadian strok infark trombotik dan10,44%±2,8% untuk kelompok tanpa kejadian strok infark trombotik) dengan perbandingan sarana p>0,05. Perbandingan yangdilakukan secara terpisah di laki-laki dan perempuan juga menunjukkan hasil yang sama dengan p>0,05. Sebagai simpulan, kadarHbA1c di kedua kelompok penelitian sama-sama tinggi dan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kadar HbA1c yang ditemukan di pasiendengan diabetes tipe 2 dengan dan tanpa kejadian strok trombotik.

scholarly journals Quality of ejaculate of male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), vaccinated with GamCovidVac (Sputnik V)

2022 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
D. I. Esaulenko ◽  
R. R. Rozhivanov ◽  
V. V. Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Male Patients

Background: New coronavirus infection (Covid-19) in patients with diabetes type 2 mellitus (DM) often has severe clinical course and manifestation. This comorbidity is a reasonable indication for vaccination. Male patients are often concerned about the vaccination impact on their fertility, so the current research of this issue seems to be essential and relevant.Aims: To evaluate the quality of ejaculate in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, vaccinated by GamCovidVac (Sputnik V).Materials and Methods: The pilot observational prospective study included 30 males with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The study continued from February 2021 till June 2021. The research design involved medical history analysis, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests, total testosterone level in blood measurement, semen analysis (sperm count test). Group comparison was performed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results: After vaccination 19 patients (63%) demonstrated a temperature rise which lasted for 2 days; 26 patients (87%) complained of tenderness in the injections site which lasted up to 5 days. Though a few patients reported general somatic side effects after the vaccination, there have been no statistically significant deviations in sperm count, viability, function and morphology. The levels of glycated hemoglobin and total testosterone remained unchanged.Conclusion: The study revealed no negative impact of GamCovidVac on ejaculate quality, total testosterone level and compensation of carbohydrate metabolism.

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