Development of Preliminary Test Estimators and Confidence Interval for the Reliability Characteristics of Generalized Inverted Scale Family of Distribution based on Records

Groups of 12 fathead minnows were exposed for 129 days to Lake Superior water acidified (pH 5.0, 5.5, 6.0 or 6.5) with reagent grade H2SO4 by means of a multichannel toxicant system for flow-through bioassays. Untreated water (pH 7.5) had the following properties: hardness 45.3 ± 0.3 (95% confidence interval) mg/1 as CaCO3; alkalinity 42.6 ± 0.2 mg/1; Cl- 0.03 meq/1; Na+ 0.05 meq/1; K+ 0.01 meq/1; Ca2+ 0.68 meq/1; Mg2+ 0.26 meq/1; dissolved O2 5.8 ± 0.3 mg/1; free CO2 3.2 ± 0.4 mg/1; T= 24.3 ± 0.1°C. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd gills were subsequently processed for LM (methacrylate), TEM and SEM respectively.Three changes involving chloride cells were correlated with increasing acidity: 1) the appearance of apical pits (figs. 2,5 as compared to figs. 1, 3,4) in chloride cells (about 22% of the chloride cells had pits at pH 5.0); 2) increases in their numbers and 3) increases in the % of these cells in the epithelium of the secondary lamellae.

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Efficacy of Vitamin D on Chronic Heart Failure Among Adults

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (1-2) ◽

pp. 49-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wang Chunbin ◽

Wang Han ◽

Cai Lin

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Ejection ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract. Vitamin D deficiency commonly occurs in chronic heart failure. Whether additional vitamin D supplementation can be beneficial to adults with chronic heart failure remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched on September 8, 2016. Seven randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with chronic heart failure, and comprised 592 patients, were included in the analysis. Compared to placebo, vitamin D, at doses ranging from 2,000 IU/day to 50,000 IU/week, could not improve left ventricular ejection fraction (Weighted mean difference, WMD = 3.31, 95% confidence interval, CL = −0.93 to 7.55, P < 0.001, I2 = 92.1%); it also exerts no beneficial effects on the 6 minute walk distance (WMD = 18.84, 95% CL = −24.85 to 62.52, P = 0.276, I2 = 22.4%) and natriuretic peptide (Standardized mean difference, SMD = −0.39, 95% confidence interval CL = −0.48 to 0.69, P < 0.001, I2 = 92.4%). However, a dose-response analysis from two studies demonstrated an improved left ventricular ejection fraction with vitamin D at a dose of 4,000 IU/day (WMD = 6.58, 95% confidence interval CL = −4.04 to 9.13, P = 0.134, I2 = 55.4%). The results showed that high dose vitamin D treatment could potentially benefit adults with chronic heart failure, but more randomized controlled trials are required to confirm this result.

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Almost Perfect Scale--Family Version: Development and psychometric evaluation

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e513192008-001 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth T. Wang

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Evaluation ◽

Scale Family

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Confidence Interval Pictures Can Give Better Inference Than Significance Testing

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e538092007-001 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Geoff Cumming ◽

Melissa Coulson ◽

Michelle Healey ◽

Fiona Fidler

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Significance Testing

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Curriculum-based measurement of oral reading: A preliminary investigation of confidence interval overlap to detect reliable growth.

School Psychology Quarterly ◽

10.1037/spq0000146 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 405-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ethan R. Van Norman

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Oral Reading ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Curriculum Based Measurement

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Using Connectionist Modules for Decision Support

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1634790 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 29 (03) ◽

pp. 167-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. Hripcsak

Keyword(s):

Decision Support ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Posterior Probability ◽

Back Propagation ◽

Connectionist Model ◽

Test Set ◽

The Third ◽

Independent Test ◽

Better Than

AbstractA connectionist model for decision support was constructed out of several back-propagation modules. Manifestations serve as input to the model; they may be real-valued, and the confidence in their measurement may be specified. The model produces as its output the posterior probability of disease. The model was trained on 1,000 cases taken from a simulated underlying population with three conditionally independent manifestations. The first manifestation had a linear relationship between value and posterior probability of disease, the second had a stepped relationship, and the third was normally distributed. An independent test set of 30,000 cases showed that the model was better able to estimate the posterior probability of disease (the standard deviation of residuals was 0.046, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.046-0.047) than a model constructed using logistic regression (with a standard deviation of residuals of 0.062, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.062-0.063). The model fitted the normal and stepped manifestations better than the linear one. It accommodated intermediate levels of confidence well.

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