scholarly journals O dispositivo como unidade básica do conhecimento na web semântica | The dispositif as the basic unit of knowledge in semantic web

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo De Santis
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Informational Environment ◽  
Historical Origins ◽  
The Web ◽  
Representation Of Knowledge

RESUMO As bases teóricas que sustentam a proposta de elaboração de um sistema de organização do conhecimento capaz de superar as limitações da abordagem dicotômica tradicional podem ser simbolizadas com o deslocamento da representação imagética do conhecimento da árvore para o rizoma. Neste contexto, o presente artigo propõe a adoção da noção filosófica de dispositivo como unidade básica do conhecimento em sistemas orientados pela recuperação. Para tanto, são investigadas as origens históricas desse deslocamento e analisados os seus impactos na web – um ambiente informacional que se torna maior a cada instante, em termos de volume de dados, e mais complexo, no que diz respeito à dispersão e à fragmentação da informação. São discutidos ainda os desafios e possíveis desdobramentos relativos à organização do conhecimento e à recuperação da informação no âmbito da web semântica.Palavras-chave: Sistema de Organização do Conhecimento; Classificação; Recuperação; Conceito.ABSTRACT The theoretical framework that supports the intent of elaborating a knowledge organization system capable of overcoming the limitations of traditional dichotomous approach can be symbolized by the displacement of the visual representation of knowledge from the tree to the rhizome. In this context, the present work proposes the adoption of the philosophical notion of dispositif as the basic unit of knowledge in systems oriented by the retrieval. To achieve this, the historical origins of that displacement were studied and its impacts on the web – an informational environment that becomes larger at each moment, in terms of data volume, and more complex, in terms of dispersion and fragmentation of information – were studied. The work also discusses the challenges and possible developments regarding knowledge organization and information retrieval in the scope of the semantic web.Keywords: Knowledge Organization System; Classification; Recovery; Concept.

Merging Controlled Vocabularies for More Efficient Subject-Based IR Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 254-267
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papadakis ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianos
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Controlled Vocabularies ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
The World

One of the most important tasks of a librarian is the assignment of appropriate subject(s) to a resource within a library’s collection. The subjects usually belong to a controlled vocabulary that is specifically designed for such a task. The most widely adopted controlled vocabulary across libraries around the world is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). However, there seems to be a shifting from traditional LCSH to modern thesauri. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, capable of incorporating thesauri into existing LCSH-based Information Retrieval–IR systems. In order to achieve this, a mapping methodology is proposed capable of providing a common structure consisting of terms belonging to LCSH and/or a thesaurus. The structure is modeled as a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) ontology, which can be employed by appropriate subject-based IR systems. As a proof of concept, the proposed methodology is applied to the DSpace-based University of Piraeus digital library.

Using Semantic Web Concepts to Retrieve Specific Domain Information from the Web

2011 ◽  
pp. 249-270
Author(s):  
Rafael Cunha Cardoso ◽  
Fernando da Fonseca de Souza ◽  
Ana Carolina Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
World Wide Web ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The World ◽  
Domain Information ◽  
The Web

Currently, systems dedicated to information retrieval/extraction perform an important role on fetching relevant and qualified information from the World Wide Web (WWW). The Semantic Web can be described as the Web’s future once it introduces a set of new concepts and tools. For instance, ontology is used to insert knowledge into contents of the current WWW to give meaning to such contents. This allows software agents to better understand the Web’s content meaning so that such agents can execute more complex and useful tasks to users. This work introduces an architecture that uses some Semantic Web concepts allied to Regular Expressions (REGEX) in order to develop a system that retrieves/extracts specific domain information from the Web. A prototype, based on such architecture, was developed to find information about offers announced on supermarkets Web sites.

scholarly journals Analytical review on information retrieval methods and applications in the Semantic Web

2016 ◽  
pp. 051-072
Author(s):  
I.J. Grishanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Search Model ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Information Retrieval Methods ◽  
The Web

The article describes and analyzes the Information Retrieval (IR) methods and applications in the environment of Semantic Web. The author provided the basic Information Retrieval concepts, problems, models and classification of IR systems on various grounds. Examples of existing modern search engines, as well as highlighted the stages of development and listed a list of functional and architectural features of 3-rd search engines generation. The proposed model of IR extends the classification of search engines and search model with the possibility of finding new objects that have become available in the web, and use knowledge represented in the Semantic Web.

Merging Controlled Vocabularies for More Efficient Subject-Based IR Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papadakis ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianos
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Controlled Vocabularies ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
The World

One of the most important tasks of a librarian is the assignment of appropriate subject(s) to a resource within a library’s collection. The subjects usually belong to a controlled vocabulary that is specifically designed for such a task. The most widely adopted controlled vocabulary across libraries around the world is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). However, there seems to be a shifting from traditional LCSH to modern thesauri. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, capable of incorporating thesauri into existing LCSH-based Information Retrieval–IR systems. In order to achieve this, a mapping methodology is proposed capable of providing a common structure consisting of terms belonging to LCSH and/or a thesaurus. The structure is modeled as a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) ontology, which can be employed by appropriate subject-based IR systems. As a proof of concept, the proposed methodology is applied to the DSpace-based University of Piraeus digital library.

Metadata- and Ontology-Based Semantic Web Mining

2008 ◽  
pp. 3531-3556
Author(s):  
Marie Aude Aufaure ◽  
Bénédicte Le Grand ◽  
Michel Soto ◽  
Nacera Bennacer
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web Mining ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Open Research ◽  
The Web

The increasing volume of data available on the Web makes information retrieval a tedious and difficult task. The vision of the Semantic Web introduces the next generation of the Web by establishing a layer of machine-understandable data, e.g., for software agents, sophisticated search engines and Web services. The success of the Semantic Web crucially depends on the easy creation, integration and use of semantic data. This chapter is a state-of-the-art review of techniques which could make the Web more “semantic”. Beyond this state-of-the-art, we describe open research areas and we present major current research programs in this domain.

Metadata- and Ontology-Based Semantic Web Mining

2006 ◽  
pp. 259-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Aude Aufaure ◽  
Bénédicte Le Grand ◽  
Michel Soto ◽  
Nacera Bennacer
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web Mining ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Open Research ◽  
The Web

The increasing volume of data available on the Web makes information retrieval a tedious and difficult task. The vision of the Semantic Web introduces the next generation of the Web by establishing a layer of machine-understandable data, e.g., for software agents, sophisticated search engines and Web services. The success of the Semantic Web crucially depends on the easy creation, integration and use of semantic data. This chapter is a state-of-the-art review of techniques which could make the Web more “semantic”. Beyond this state-of-the-art, we describe open research areas and we present major current research programs in this domain.

scholarly journals Represent Changes of Knowledge Organization Systems on the Semantic Web

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Qing Zou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Information Organization ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Representation Of Knowledge

Traditional knowledge organization systems (KOS) including thesauri, classification schemes, taxonomies, subject heading systems, name authorities, and other lists of terms and codes have been playing important roles in indexing, information organization, and retrieval. With the advent of the semantic web, a large number of them have been converted into Linked Open Data (LOD) datasets. Since the Simple Knowledge Organization Systems (SKOS) and SKOS eXtension for Labels (SKOS-XL) are languages for representation of knowledge organization systems, they have been applied to knowledge organization systems. In this article, the issues surrounding changes, versioning control, and evolution of KOS are investigated. From KOS services providers and consumers perspectives, this study focuses on representation of changes on the semantic web.

scholarly journals Library Bibliographic Classification as a traditional knowledge organization system in the linked open data environment

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Lavrenova ◽  
Vasili Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Knowledge Model ◽  
Library Catalog ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Data Environment

The task of the project is to introduce classification knowledge model as Linked Open Data, LOD, and to provide access to it from Semantic Web through standard network instruments. The reviewed system of RSL systematic catalog (Library Bibliographic Classification) subject divisions is accepted as a source for classification knowledge model The authors examine SKOS-based data structure and the software. Operation principles in terms of the search in e-library catalog and RSL traditional collections are discussed.

scholarly journals Documentary languages and knowledge organization systems in the context of the semantic web

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilda Lopes Ginez de Lara
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Conceptual Problems

The aim of this study was to discuss the need for formal documentary languages as a condition for it to function in the Semantic Web. Based on a bibliographic review, Linked Open Data is presented as an initial condition for the operationalization of the Semantic Web, similar to the movement of Linked Open Vocabularies that aimed to promote interoperability among vocabularies. We highlight the Simple Knowledge Organization System format by analyzing its main characteristics and presenting the new standard ISO 25964-1/2:2011/2012 -Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies, that revises previous recommendations, adding requirements for the interoperability and mapping of vocabularies. We discuss conceptual problems in the formalization of vocabularies and the need to invest critically in its operationalization, suggesting alternatives to harness the mapping of vocabularies.

An Associative and Adaptive Network Model For Information Retrieval In The Semantic Web

2010 ◽  
pp. 309-344
Author(s):  
Peter Scheir ◽  
Peter Prettenhofer ◽  
Stefanie N. Lindstaedt ◽  
Chiara Ghidini
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Soft Computing ◽  
Relevance Feedback ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
Retrieval Performance ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
Relevant Material ◽  
The Web

While it is agreed that semantic enrichment of resources would lead to better search results, at present the low coverage of resources on the web with semantic information presents a major hurdle in realizing the vision of search on the Semantic Web. To address this problem, this chapter investigates how to improve retrieval performance in settings where resources are sparsely annotated with semantic information. Techniques from soft computing are employed to find relevant material that was not originally annotated with the concepts used in a query. The authors present an associative retrieval model for the Semantic Web and evaluate if and to which extent the use of associative retrieval techniques increases retrieval performance. In addition, the authors present recent work on adapting the network structure based on relevance feedback by the user to further improve retrieval effectiveness. The evaluation of new retrieval paradigms - such as retrieval based on technology for the Semantic Web - presents an additional challenge since no off-the-shelf test corpora exist. Hence, this chapter gives a detailed description of the approach taken to evaluate the information retrieval service the authors have built.

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