scholarly journals Integrated analysis identifies TfR1 as a prognostic biomarker which correlates with immune infiltration in breast cancer

Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
Yumei Fan ◽  
Jiajie Hou ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Immune Infiltration

scholarly journals An Integrated Analysis of C5AR2 Related to Malignant Properties and Immune Infiltration of Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumeng Zhu ◽  
Xiaochao Wang ◽  
Yanqing Xu ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Peipei Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Mutation Burden ◽  
Multiple Signaling

BackgroundC5AR2 (GPR77, C5L2) is the second receptor for C5a that is a potent protein generated by complement activation. C5AR2 can mediate its own signaling events and exert significant immunomodulatory effects through those events. However, research of C5AR2 in cancer is limited, and its function remains unclear in breast cancer.MethodsThe expression of C5AR2 and its correlations with prognosis, immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) in more than thirty types of cancers were described through GTEx, TCGA, PrognoScan, TIMER2.0, CCLE, HPA, and TISIDB database. C5AR2 showed strong relationships to those immune marker sets in breast cancer. Otherwise, CCK8 assay and Transwell assay were conducted to illustrate the role of C5AR2 in migration, invasion, and proliferation of breast cancer cells.ResultsGenerally, C5AR2 expression differed across most cancerous and noncancerous tissues, and high C5AR2 expression significantly related to poor prognosis in BRCA, GBM, KICH, LAML, LGG, LIHC, PAAD, and STAD. Moreover, C5AR2 expression levels were dramatically correlated with recognized immune infiltration, especially the polarization of macrophages in breast cancer. Gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that C5AR2 participates in regulating multiple signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis as well as tumor immunity. C5AR2 overexpression facilitated the functions such as migration, invasion, and proliferation in breast cancer cells, which is consistent with bioinformatics analysis.ConclusionsC5AR2 is involved in immune infiltration and malignant characteristics of breast cancer, which may be a prospective biomarker for breast cancer.

scholarly journals Ceruloplasmin correlates with immune infiltration and serves as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer

Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 20438-20467
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
Bihui Han ◽  
Yanxiu Meng ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Immune Infiltration

scholarly journals TILRR (FREM1 isoform 2) is a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in breast cancer

Aging ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 19335-19351
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yi Xu ◽  
Wen-Jing Guo ◽  
Shi-Hua Pan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Feng-Lin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Immune Infiltration

scholarly journals VWCE Serves as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and is Associated With Immune Infiltrates in Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Huo ◽  
Zhenwei Li ◽  
Ni Xie
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Factor C

Abstract Background: Von Willebrand Factor C and EGF Domains (VWCE) is an important gene that regulates cell adhesion, migration, and interaction. However, the correlation between VWCE expression and immune infiltrating in breast cancer remain unclear. In the study, we investigated the correlation between VWCE expression and immune infiltration levels in breast cancer.Methods: VWCE expression was analyzed by the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and DriverDB database. Furthermore, genes co-expressed with VWCE and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were investigated by the STRING and Enrichr web servers. Also, we performed the single nucleotide variation (SNV), copy number variation (CNV), and pathway activity analysis by GSCALite. Subsequently, the relationship between VWCE expression and tumor immunity was analyzed by TIMER and TISIDB database, and further verified the results using immunohistochemistry. Results: The results showed that the expression of VWCE mRNA in breast cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in normal tissue. We found that the expression level of VWCE was associated with subtypes, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status of patients with breast cancer, while no significant expression difference of VWCE mRNA was found in age and nodal status. Further analyses indicated that VWCE was correlated with the activation or inhibition of multiple oncogenic pathways. Additionally, VWCE expression showed negatively correlated with the expression of STAT1 (Th1 marker, r = -0.12, p = 6e-05), but positively correlated with the expression of MS4A4A (r = 0.28, p = 0). These results suggested that the expression of VWCE was significantly correlates the immune infiltration levels of Th1 and M2 macrophage in breast cancer. Conclusions: The high expression of VWCE indicates a better prognosis and associated with immune infiltration in breast cancer. These findings demonstrate that VWCE is a potential prognostic biomarker correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration, and maybe a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer.

scholarly journals CHI3L2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gliomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liling Liu ◽  
Yuanzhong Yang ◽  
Hao Duan ◽  
Jiahua He ◽  
Lu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Immune Infiltration

CHI3L2 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 2) is a member of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs), which belong to the glycoside hydrolase 18 family. Its homologous gene, CHI3L1, has been extensively studied in various tumors and has been shown to be related to immune infiltration in breast cancer and glioblastoma. High CHI3L2 expression was reported to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma. However, the prognostic significance of CHI3L2 in glioma and its correlation between immune infiltration remains unclear. In this study, we examined 288 glioma samples by immunohistochemistry to find that CHI3L2 is expressed in tumor cells and macrophages in glioma tissues and highly expressed in glioblastoma and IDH wild-type gliomas. Relationships between CHI3L2 expression and clinical features (grade, age, Ki67 index, P53, PHH3 (mitotic figures), ATRX, TERTp, MGMTp, IDH, and 1p/19q co-deleted status) were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival was conducted to show high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells (TC) and macrophage cells (MC) indicated poor prognosis in diffusely infiltrating glioma (DIG), lower-grade glioma (LGG), and IDH wild-type gliomas (IDH-wt). The overall survival time was higher in patients with dual-low CHI3L2 expression in TC and MC compared to those in patients with non-dual CHI3L2 expression and dual high expression in DIG and IDH wild-type gliomas. By univariate and multivariate analysis, we found that high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in glioma patients. Moreover, we used two datasets (TCGA and CGGA) to verify the results of our study and explore the potential functional role of CHI3L2 by GO and KEGG analyses in gliomas. TIMER platform analysis indicated CHI3L2 expression was closely related to diverse marker genes of tumor immune infiltrating cells, including monocytes, TAMs, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, TGFβ1+ Treg and T cell exhaustion in GBM and LGG. Western Blot validated CHI3L2 is expressed in glioma cells and microglia cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that CHI3L2 induces the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrate CHI3L2 is related to poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in gliomas, suggesting it may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and represent a new target for glioma patients.

scholarly journals Regulatory Interplay between miR-181a-5p and Estrogen Receptor Signaling Cascade in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Rosaria Benedetti ◽  
Chiara Papulino ◽  
Giulia Sgueglia ◽  
Ugo Chianese ◽  
Tommaso De Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Signaling

The efficacy and side effects of endocrine therapy in breast cancer (BC) depend largely on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression, the specific drug administered, and treatment scheduling. Although the benefits of endocrine therapy outweigh any adverse effects in the initial stages of BC, later- or advanced-stage tumors acquire resistance to treatments. The mechanisms underlying tumor resistance to therapy are still not well understood, posing a major challenge for BC patient care. Epigenetic regulation and miRNA expression may be involved in the switch from a treatment-sensitive to a treatment-resistant state and could provide a valid therapeutic strategy for ERα negative BC. Here, a hybrid lysine-specific histone demethylase inhibitor, MC3324, displaying selective estrogen receptor down-regulator-like activities in BC, was used to highlight the interplay between epigenetic and ERα signaling. MC3324 anticancer action is mediated by microRNA (miRNA) expression regulation, indicating an innovative function for this molecule. Integrated analysis suggests a crosstalk between estrogen signaling, ERα interactors, miRNAs, and their putative targets. Specifically, miR-181a-5p expression is regulated by MC3324 and has an impact on cellular levels of ERα. A comparison of breast tumor versus healthy mammary tissues confirmed the important role of miR-181a-5p in ERα regulation and points to its putative predictive function in BC therapy.

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