scholarly journals Estimation of Present-Day Strength of Concrete for a 40-year-old Building from Non-destructive Tests: A Case Study "

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Soubhagya Karmakar ◽  
Saha Dauji ◽  
Sandeep Shankar Kshirsagar ◽  
Satish Kumar Saini ◽  
Kapilesh Bhargava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Characteristic Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive

Assessment of the present health of existing concrete structures is necessary, particularly for enhancing the life of the infrastructure facilities reaching the end of their design life. The codes stipulate establishment of site-specific correlation expressions to estimate the compressive strength of concrete from indirect non-destructive tests (NDT) such as rebound hammer or ultrasonic pulse velocity tests. However, in certain circumstances, requisite number of partially destructive (core) tests required for establishing the site-specific equations might not be feasible. In such scenario, selection of a suitable correlation expression from literature has to be performed in a rational way, as discussed in this article with a case study of a 40-year-old concrete building. From the study, it has been ob-served that for the limited number of direct tests, the Indian code stipulation resulted in higher characteristic strength of concrete as compared to the parametric estimation, which can be attributed to the assumption of Normal distribution and code stipulated (conservative) standard deviation value. In case of the indirect estimation cases, the parametric characteristic strength was pretty close to the corresponding non-parametric values indicat-ing that the fitted distributions represented the strength values very well. Recommendations for the suitable cor-relation expression from literature applicable for estimation of equivalent strength from NDT for the structure, recommendation for characteristic compressive strength of concrete and the suggestions for accounting for the inaccuracies in estimated strength in subsequent structural re-analysis have been provided from the results of the study.

scholarly journals Using Support Vector Machine to Improve Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test for Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Tu Quynh Loan Ngo ◽  
Yu-Ren Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive

In the construction industry, to evaluate the compressive strength of concrete, destructive and non-destructive testing methods are used. Non-destructive testing methods are preferable due to the fact that those methods do not destroy concrete samples. However, they usually give larger percentage of error than using destructive tests. Among the non-destructive testing methods, the ultrasonic pulse velocity test is the popular one because it is economic and very simple in operation. Using the ultrasonic pulse velocity test gives 20% MAPE more than using destructive tests. This paper aims to improve the ultrasonic pulse velocity test results in estimating the compressive strength of concrete using the help of artificial intelligent. To establish a better prediction model for the ultrasonic pulse velocity test, data collected from 312 cylinder of concrete samples are used to develop and validate the model. The research results provide valuable information when using the ultrasonic pulse velocity tests to the inputs data in addition with support vector machine by learning algorithms, and the actual compressive strengths are set as the target output data to train the model. The results show that both MAPEs for the linear and nonlinear regression models are 11.17% and 17.66% respectively. The MAPE for the support vector machine models is 11.02%. These research results can provide valuable information when using the ultrasonic pulse velocity test to estimate the compressive strength of concrete.

scholarly journals Estimating Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Untreated Coal Waste Aggregates Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Mahmood Karimaei ◽  
Farshad Dabbaghi ◽  
Mehdi Dehestani ◽  
Maria Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Volume Replacement ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive

In recent years, the overuse and exploitation of coal resources as fuel in industry has caused many environmental problems as well as changes in the ecosystem. One way to address this issue is to recycle these materials as an alternative to aggregates in concrete. Recently, non-destructive tests have also been considered by the researchers in this field. As there is limited work on the evaluation of the compressive strength of concrete containing coal waste using non-destructive tests, the current study aims to estimate the compressive strength of concrete containing untreated coal waste aggregates using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) technique as a non-destructive testing approach. For this purpose, various concrete parameters such as the compressive strength and UPV were investigated at different ages of concrete with different volume replacements of coarse and fine aggregates with coal waste. The test results indicate that 5% volume replacement of natural aggregates with untreated coal waste improves the average compressive strength and UPV of the concrete mixes by 6 and 1.2%, respectively. However, these parameters are significantly reduced by increasing the coal waste replacement level up to 25%. Furthermore, a general exponential relationship was established between the compressive strength and the UPV associated with the entire tested concrete specimens with different volume replacement levels of coal waste at different ages. The proposed relationship demonstrates a good correlation with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Concretes Made with Marble Waste Using Destructive and Non-Destructive Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
Messaouda Belouadah ◽  
Zine Elabidine Rahmouni ◽  
Nadia Tebbal ◽  
Mokrani El Hassen Hicham
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Marble Waste

The present study aims primarily to investigate the possibility of assessing the physico-mechanical behavior of concrete incorporating marble waste or marble powder as a partial replacement for cement using destructive and non-destructive testing methods. Indeed, in this work, cement was partially replaced with marble powder at six different substitution levels, i.e. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% by weight, with 1.5% adjuvant (super plasticizer) for each mixture. The samples prepared were then analyzed. In addition, the physico-mechanical properties, in the fresh and hardened states, water-to-cement ratio, absorption and compressive strengths of the concrete samples were examined as well. Moreover, the compressive strength of concrete was assessed through non-destructive testing methods such as the ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound hammer. Likewise, the relationship between the ultrasound velocity and compressive strength of concrete were also estimated after 3, 7, 28 and 90 days of curing. The findings of the study indicated that, at early age of curing, the values of the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity were quite small for all replacement levels, of cement with marble powder, between 15 and 30%. Nevertheless, when the curing period was increased, the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of all the samples went up as well. In the end, a linear relationship was observed between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength for all substitution levels of cement with marble powder.

scholarly journals An approach to in-situ compressive strength of concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Brunarski ◽  
M. Dohojda
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The paper presents the problem of estimating in-situ compressive strength of concrete in a comprehensive way, taking into account the possibility of direct tests of cored specimens and indirect methods of non-destructive tests: rebound hammer tests and ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. The paper approaches the discussed problem in an original, scientifically documented and exhaustive way, in particular in terms of application.

PENGKAJIAN KEKUATAN BETON STRUKTUR JEMBATAN PASCA KEBAKARAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarmadi Sudarmadi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Concrete Testing

In this paper a case study about concrete strength assessment of bridge structure experiencing fire is discussed. Assessment methods include activities of visual inspection, concrete testing by Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test, and Core Test. Then, test results are compared with the requirement of RSNI T-12-2004. Test results show that surface concrete at the location of fire deteriorates so that its quality is decreased into the category of Very Poor with ultrasonic pulse velocity ranges between 1,14 – 1,74 km/s. From test results also it can be known that concrete compressive strength of inner part of bridge pier ranges about 267 – 274 kg/cm2 and concrete compressive strength of beam and plate experiencing fire directly is about 173 kg/cm2 and 159 kg/cm2. It can be concluded that surface concrete strength at the location of fire does not meet the requirement of RSNI T-12-2004. So, repair on surface concrete of pier, beam, and plate at the location of fire is required.

scholarly journals Assessment of Concrete Compressive Strength by Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
AbdulMuttalib I. Said ◽  
Baqer Abdul Hussein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Accurate Relation

This paper has carried out an experimental program to establish a relatively accurate relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and the concrete compressive strength. The program involved testing concrete cubes of (100) mm and prisms of (100×100×300) cast with specified test variables. The samples are tested by using ultrasonic test equipment with two methods, direct ultrasonic pulse (DUPV) and surface (indirect) ultrasonic pulse (SUPV) for each sample. The obtained results were used as input data in the statistical program (SPSS) to predict the best equation representing the relation between the compressive strength and the ultrasonic pulse velocity. In this research 383 specimens were tested, and an exponential equation is proposed for this purpose. The statistical program has been used to prove which type of UPV is more suitable, the (SUPV) test or the (DUPV) test, to represent the relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the concrete compressive strength. In this paper, the effect of salt content on the connection between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the concrete compressive strength has also been studied.

Non-Destructive Testing for Concrete: Dynamic Modulus and Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Khan Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Non Destructive

Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a technique to determine the integrity of a material, component or structure. The commonly NDT methods used for the concrete are dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete is related to the structural stiffness and deformation process of concrete structures, and is highly sensitive to the cracking. The velocity of ultrasonic pulses travelling in a solid material depends on the density and elastic properties of that material. Non-destructive testing namely, dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity was measured for high strength concrete incorporating cementitious composites. Results of dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity are reported and their relationships with compressive strength are presented. It has been found that NDT is reasonably good and reliable tool to measure the property of concrete which also gives the fair indication of the compressive strength development.

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