scholarly journals Non-invasive methods for studying the dynamics of blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-645
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Ivanov ◽  
B. B. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Discrete Measurement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Invasive Control ◽  
Korotkoff Sounds

The paper summarizes the main methods of automatic non-invasive assessment of the blood pressure (BP) dynamics. The advantages and disadvantages of BP measurement according to Korotkoff sounds and the oscillations in the brachial cuff are discussed. Currently, BP is measured during deflation of the cuff, while the pressure in the cuff should be inflated (by about 20–30 mm Hg) above the systolic BP. The BP level before measurement can be unknown, thereby increases the possibility of raising the pressure in the cuff above the optimum. In connection with this, recently, methods for determining BP during inflation of the cuff have been proposed. The BP value, determined both by Korotkov’s tone and by oscillometry during inflation, differs from that during the deflation of the cuff. The difference varies with age and BP and in a number of cases is clinically significant. The causes and consequences of such differences are discussed. In intensive care units and in operating rooms, continuous BP measurement is necessary. In comparison with the discrete measurement of BP, it allows to detect timely hypotension, to evaluate its duration, which improves the management of the patients. The invasive method of BP detection has known limitations and complications which stimulated the development of devices for non-invasive BP control. Despite the comparisons of the accuracy of such measurement methods, this issue continues to be debated. Thus, the methods of non-invasive control of BP level, discussed in this review, reflect both their advantages and limitations, which dictates the need for further research in this field.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of input functions from a dynamic PET image with sequential administration of 15O2 and H215O for noninvasive and ultra-rapid measurement of CBF, OEF, and CMRO2

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Kudomi ◽  
Yukito Maeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Yuka Yamamoto ◽  
Tetsuhiro Hatakeyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Arterial Input Functions

CBF, OEF, and CMRO2 images can be quantitatively assessed using PET. Their image calculation requires arterial input functions, which require invasive procedure. The aim of the present study was to develop a non-invasive approach with image-derived input functions (IDIFs) using an image from an ultra-rapid O2 and C15O2 protocol. Our technique consists of using a formula to express the input using tissue curve with rate constants. For multiple tissue curves, the rate constants were estimated so as to minimize the differences of the inputs using the multiple tissue curves. The estimated rates were used to express the inputs and the mean of the estimated inputs was used as an IDIF. The method was tested in human subjects ( n = 24). The estimated IDIFs were well-reproduced against the measured ones. The difference in the calculated CBF, OEF, and CMRO2 values by the two methods was small (<10%) against the invasive method, and the values showed tight correlations ( r = 0.97). The simulation showed errors associated with the assumed parameters were less than ∼10%. Our results demonstrate that IDIFs can be reconstructed from tissue curves, suggesting the possibility of using a non-invasive technique to assess CBF, OEF, and CMRO2.

scholarly journals Non-invasive method for the aortic blood pressure waveform estimation using the measured radial EBI

2013 ◽  
Vol 434 ◽  
pp. 012048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Krivoshei ◽  
Jürgen Lamp ◽  
Mart Min ◽  
Tiina Uuetoa ◽  
Hasso Uuetoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Waveform ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Blood Pressure Waveform ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

A Comparison of Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement Strategies with Intra-Arterial Measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-523
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Rebesco ◽  
M. Cornelia Pinkston ◽  
Nicholas A. Smyrnios ◽  
Stacy N. Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Invasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Vasoactive Medication ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Measurement Strategies ◽  
Dependent Samples

AbstractIntroduction:It is difficult to obtain an accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement, especially in the prehospital environment. It is not known fully how various BP measurement techniques differ from one another.Study Objective:The study hypothesized that there are differences in the accuracy of various non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement strategies as compared to the gold standard of intra-arterial (IA) measurement.Methods:The study enrolled adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with radial IA catheters placed to measure radial intra-arterial blood pressure (RIBP) as a part of their standard care at a large, urban, tertiary-care Level I trauma center. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was taken by three different NIBP techniques (oscillometric, auscultated, and palpated) and compared to RIBP measurements. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test with dependent samples to detect differences between RIBP measurements and each NIBP method. The primary outcome was the difference in RIBP and NIBP measurement. There was also a predetermined subgroup analysis based on gender, body mass index (BMI), primary diagnosis requiring IA line placement, and current vasoactive medication use.Results:Forty-four patients were enrolled to detect a predetermined clinically significant difference of 5mmHg in SBP. The patient population was 63.6% male and 36.4% female with an average age of 58.4 years old. The most common primary diagnoses were septic shock (47.7%), stroke (13.6%), and increased intracranial pressure (ICP; 13.6%). Most patients were receiving some form of sedation (63.4%), while 50.0% were receiving vasopressor medication and 31.8% were receiving anti-hypertensive medication. When compared to RIBP values, only the palpated SBP values had a clinically significant difference (9.88mmHg less than RIBP; P < .001). When compared to RIBP, the oscillometric and auscultated SBP readings showed statistically but not clinically significant lower values. The palpated method also showed a clinically significant lower SBP reading than the oscillometric method (5.48mmHg; P < .001) and the auscultated method (5.06mmHg; P < .001). There was no significant difference between the oscillometric and auscultated methods (0.42mmHg; P = .73).Conclusion:Overall, NIBPs significantly under-estimated RIBP measurements. Palpated BP measurements were consistently lower than RIBP, which was statistically and clinically significant. These results raise concern about the accuracy of palpated BP and its pervasive use in prehospital care. The data also suggested that auscultated and oscillometric BP may provide similar measurements.

Comparison of Non-Invasive Oscillometric and Intra-Arterial Blood Pressure Measurements in Children Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaswinder Kaur ◽  
Siddharth Bhargava ◽  
Puneet Aulakh Pooni ◽  
Deepak Bhat ◽  
Gurdeep S. Dhooria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Difference

AbstractIntra-arterial blood pressure (IABP) measurement, although considered the gold standard in critically ill children, is associated with certain risks and lacks widespread availability. This study was conducted to determine the differences and agreements between oscillometric non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) and invasive IABP measurements in children. Inclusion criteria consisted of children (from 1 month to 18 years) admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a teaching hospital who required arterial catheter insertion for blood pressure (BP) monitoring. The comparison between IABP and NIBP was studied using paired t-test, Bland–Altman analysis, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. In total, 4,447 pairs of simultaneously recorded hourly NIBP and IABP measurements were collected from 65 children. Mean differences between IABP and NIBP were −3.6 ± 12.85, −4.7 ± 9.3, and −3.12 ± 9.30 mm Hg for systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP, respectively (p < 0.001), with wide limits of agreement. NIBP significantly overestimated BP (p < 0.001) in all three BP states (hypotensive, normotensive, and hypertensive), except systolic blood pressure (SBP) during hypertension where IABP was significantly higher. The difference in SBP was most pronounced during hypotension. The difference in SBP was significant in children <10 years (p < 0.001), with the maximum difference being in infants. It was insignificant in adolescents (p = 0.28) and underweight children (p = 0.55). NIBP recorded significantly higher BP in all states of BP except SBP in the hypertensive state. SBP measured by NIBP tended to be the most reliable in adolescents and underweight children. NIBP was the most unreliable in infants, obese children, and during hypotension.

A NOVEL METHOD TO ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE DETECTION BASED ON NON-INVASIVE ECG IMAGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950002
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD KARIMI MORIDANI ◽  
MAJID POULADIAN
Keyword(s):  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Ischemic Disease ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Ischemic Episode ◽  
Time Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals containing very important information about the cardiac are one of the most common tools for physicians in the diagnosis of various types of cardiac diseases. Low accuracy in positioning, limitation of time accuracy, the similarity of signals between some diseases and normal signals and probability of missing some aspect of data are the defect aspects of this method. Importance of cardiac signals and defects of current methods in diagnosis show the need of substituting a new method to show the activity of cardiac. One of the most dangerous defections is ischemia, which corrects and on time diagnose could avoid the latter effect of it. Each of common methods for diagnosis of this illness has their own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we consider describing a non-invasive method for ischemic episode detection based on mapping of ECG signals. With this method, we can present the signals with virtual colors and facilitate the diagnosis of ischemic disease. So, a new method of 12-lead cardiac presentation is described that in fact present the 12-lead signals in two images. The result of this paper will present the indicators of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the context of disease diagnosis. This paper proposed a novel ECG imaging algorithm for classifying the normal and ischemic signals and 95.35% specificity, 96.79% sensitivity and 95.76% accuracy were achieved which are very much promising compared to the other methods and doctor’s accuracy.

scholarly journals Non-invasive measurement of chick embryo cardiac work

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pawlak ◽  
J. Niedzióka
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Cardiac Work ◽  
Capacitor Plate ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Receiving Antenna ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Whole Egg

This study used a non-invasive method of ballistocardiography to investigate cardiac work of chick embryos. In this method, an eggshell with electric charges on it is one capacitor plate, the other being a receiving antenna of the measuring equipment. Chick embryo cardiac work induces micro-movements of the whole egg, resulting in changes in the distances between the plates and thus in the difference of potentials between the shell and the receiving antenna. This is registered by the measuring equipment. The first single signals of cardiac work were registered on day 7 of incubation. Starting from day 9, the signal was recorded from all embryos. During the study, the heart rate decreased from 248 to 161 beats per minute and signal amplitude was found to steadily increase from 6.3 to 432.7 mV/m. Great disturbances in ballistocardiograms were observed on days preceding embryonic deaths. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Blood Pressure Measurement in Morbid Obesity: Comparison between Forearm and Intra-Arterial Assessment of Blood pressure

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sara Croteau ◽  
Caroline Vallière ◽  
Julie Martin ◽  
Jean Bussières ◽  
Jean-Roch Boudreault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Arterial Access ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Background: Obesity is associated with high blood pressure. Measurement of blood pressure (BP) in morbid obesity with a larger cuff bladder may be erroneous due to the anatomy of their upper limb and/or a nonsuitable cuff bladder. The objective of the study was to compare a non-invasive technique of BP measurement on the forearm with an appropriate standard blood cuff bladder to an invasive method (intra-arterial measurement in the radial artery) in two groups of subjects; non obese (NO) and morbidly obese (MO). Methods: Twenty-seven NO subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 25,6 ± 2,7 kg/m2 were evaluated using two different techniques for blood pressure measurement. Measures were performed, in a supine position, at the forearm level with a standard cuff bladder (Welch Allyn, NY, USA) and on the opposite forearm using an intra-arterial access. The NO group was compared to 20 MO subjects with a mean BMI of 5,1 ± 8,7 kg/m2. The MO group was evaluated during a bariatric surgery procedure, with regular intervals (10 to 15 min) using the same two methods described above. Results: A difference was observed between the two techniques of blood pressure measurements (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 intra-arterial vs. cuff bladder for the NO and the MO groups respectively) (see Table). Correlations between the two techniques were observed in the NO group (P < 0.001) for the systolic BP (r=0,823) and the diastolic BP (r=0,769). Similar correlations were also observed in the MO group for the systolic BP (r=0,792, P < 0,001) and the diastolic BP (r=0,830, P < 0,001; Table). *** Table in Full Text PDF. *** Conclusion: Although different, BP measurements at the forearm level in MO subjects seems to be clinically valid. This technique may be used in this specific population as an alternative for the measurement of BP.

scholarly journals A study on rate pressure product in south Indian pregnant women with anaemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Lalitha Venugopal ◽  
Priyadharsini Rajendran ◽  
Parghavi V.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Difference

Background: Anaemia is a cause of serious concern and contributes to a significantly higher maternal mortality. Rate Pressure Product (RPP) is a major determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption and blood flow. There is an increase in oxygen demand in anemia. Thus, in the present study, we have compared the difference in RPP between a normal pregnant women and pregnant women with anemia.Methods: A total of 180 pregnant women (normal pregnant woman - 90 and pregnant woman with anaemia - 90) belonging to different trimesters of pregnancy were included in the study. Age, height, and weight were recorded, and their body mass index was calculated. The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate was recorded and RPP was calculated.Results: There was a significant increase in RPP in pregnant woman with anaemia in all three trimesters of pregnancy, but the significant increase was more in the third trimester.Conclusions: The present study shows that there is an increase in RPP in pregnant woman with anaemia and they are more prone to hemodynamic stress and cardiovascular risks, especially in their third trimester of pregnancy. This hemodynamic change may be taken into account to prevent the cardiovascular complications associated with anemia in pregnancy. Thus, RPP can be used as a sensitive non-invasive simple marker for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in pregnant woman.

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