scholarly journals A história do fogo na formação dos professores de Química

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Leonardo Correia ◽  
Jose Otavio Baldinato

A literatura descreve uma crise no ensino de ciências evidenciada pelos altos índices de analfabetismo científico. Uma das razões apontadas é o fato de alunos e professores apresentarem noções distorcidas do que é ciência. Visando combater tais deficiências, neste trabalho testamos uma metodologia que utiliza a história da ciência para ensinar sobre aspectos da natureza da ciência (NdC). Elaboramos um estudo de caso a partir da obra Ensaio sobre o fogo, publicada em 1790 pelo filósofo suíço Marc-Auguste Pictet, e aplicamos essa atividade em duas turmas de licenciatura em química do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP). A metodologia empregada, chamada História Interrompida, constrói-se com base numa narrativa linear com questões que interrompem a história e fomentam a participação dos alunos em debates sobre aspectos da NdC ligados ao caso. As aulas foram gravadas em vídeo e as falas dos alunos analisadas segundo referencial de Análise de Conteúdo, tomando aspectos previstos da NdC como categorias a priori. Todas as categorias previstas registraram ocorrências e, além destas, identificamos outras que surgiram de maneira espontânea nas falas dos alunos. Esses resultados reforçam a potencialidade de discussões explícitas sobre NdC na formação de professores.The history of fire in the training of chemistry teachersAbstractSpecialized literature describes a crisis in science education evidenced by high rates of scientific illiteracy. The problem would in part derive from students and teachers with naive perceptions of science. In this work we present the testing of a didactic strategy that uses history of science to approach features of nature of science (NoS) in classroom. We started by elaborating a case study based on the 1790 book An Essay on fire, by the Swiss philosopher Marc-Auguste Pictet. Then we applied the methodology in two pre-service chemistry teacher education classes at São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFSP). Such methodology is known as Interrupted Story. It comprises a linear narrative which is interrupted at some points by questions that try to encourage students to participate in debates on NoS topics related to the case. We videotaped the classes and took some foreseen aspects of NoS as a priori categories to proceed the analysis of the students' speeches according to a Content Analysis framework. All the predicted categories registered occurrences. Furthermore, we identified other categories that arose spontaneously in the students' debates. Such results reinforce the potential of explicit discussions about NoS in teachers’ education.Keywords: History of chemistry; Nature of science; Interrupted story; Fire; Pictet.

Author(s):  
Luana Ribeiro da Trindade ◽  
Ana Carolina Costa dos Anjos

Resumo Este artigo discute a gramática de relações raciais e os racismos a partir do caso de um professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia São Paulo (IFSP) que fez um post em seu perfil do Facebook, o qual foi denunciado por alguns segmentos sociais como racista. Metodologicamente, empreendemos um estudo de caso que foi operacionalizado a partir da averiguação e análise do que foi dito pelo professor, como também as notas emitidas pela instituição, coletivos e movimentos negros, matérias jornalísticas sobre o caso e entrevista com estudantes. Inferimos que a gramática das relações sociais com foco racial está passando por mudanças de representação, por isso, há “choque” entre os sentidos visados (coordenações formais) entre os atores. Analisamos, sob uma perspectiva weberiana, as relações sociais que se estabeleceram e entendemos que as mesmas são balizadas por probabilidades de ações dentro de um sentido visado pelos atores. Assim, olhamos as ações discursivas dos agentes que proferiram e se justificaram ao perceber a gramática das relações raciais. Para tanto, realizamos uma descrição analítica do caso construindo um aporte teórico, significando e conceituando categorias-chave, como democracia racial. Palavras-chave: Relações Raciais; Racismos; Estudo de caso. Abstract This article sought to discuss the grammar of race relations and racism from the case of a professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Sao Paulo (IFSP) who posted on his Facebook profile and was denounced as racist by some social segment. Methodologically, we elaborated a case study that analyses what was said by the professor, as well as the notes released by the institution, collectives, and black movements, newspaper articles about the case, and interviews with students. We infer that the grammar of social relations with a racial focus is provoking changes in representation, so there is a “shock” between the senses targeted between the actors. We analyze, through a Weberian perspective, the social relations that are established and we understand that they are marked by probabilities of actions within a targeted sense (formal coordination) by the actors. Thus, we look at the discursive performances of the agents who uttered and justified themselves by understanding the grammar of racial relations. For this purpose, we carried out an analytical description of the case by constructing a theoretical contribution, meaning, and conceptualizing key categories such as racial democracy. Keywords: Social Relationships; Racisms; Targeted sense. Resumen Este artículo busca discutir la gramática de las relaciones raciales y el racismo a partir del caso de un profesor del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de São Paulo (IFSP) que hizo una publicación en su perfil de Facebook y fue denunciado por algunos sectores sociales como racista. Metodológicamente realizamos un estudio de caso que se operacionalizó a partir de la captura y el análisis de lo que dijo el docente, así como las notas emitidas por la institución, los colectivos y movimientos negros, los artículos periodísticos sobre el caso y las entrevistas con los estudiantes. Inferimos que la gramática de las relaciones sociales con un enfoque racial está experimentando cambios en la representación, por ello se da un "choque" entre los sentidos mentados por los actores. Analizamos, desde una perspectiva weberiana, las relaciones sociales que se establecen y entendemos que están guiadas por las probabilidades de acciones dentro de un sentido específico (coordinación formal) por parte de los actores. En concordancia, observamos las actuaciones discursivas de los agentes que se pronunciaron y se justificaron al percibir la gramática de las relaciones raciales. Por ello, realizamos una descripción analítica del caso, construyendo una contribución teórica, significando y conceptualizando categorías clave como democracia racial. Palabras clave: Relaciones raciales; Racismos; Direcciones de destino.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-527
Author(s):  
Renato Cymbalista

ResumoO artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a diversidade interna dentro da categoria “ocupação urbana”, apontando para um universo pouco explorado de ocupações não protagonizadas pelos movimentos organizados de luta por moradia. O trabalho levanta a literatura existente sobre as diferentes formas de ocupação e trata de um estudo de caso, a história de um edifício que em 2020 existe como uma ocupação, mas que não se encaixa na categoria de ocupação organizada. Recupera a história do edifício e das tensões em torno da propriedade e da gestão, mobilizando também a história de uma família migrante de baixa renda que optou por morar sempre no centro de São Paulo, e passou por diversas situações de moradia em sua trajetória, incluindo uma passagem por esse edifício. Dessa narrativa emergem sujeitos sociais com papéis mais fluidos e menos pré-definidos, edifícios que mudam de caráter conforme a micropolítica vai se transformando, apresentando desafios específicos para o Estado, as políticas públicas e os marcos interpretativos. Uma situação que exige olharmos para as franjas do mercado imobiliário e da propriedade urbana.Palavras-Chave: Moradia, Habitação, São Paulo, Ocupações Urbanas, Cortiços. AbstractThe article aims to problematize internal diversity within the category "ocupação urbana" (urban squatting), pointing to a little explored universe of occupations not involved in organized movements of struggle for housing. The work analyses the existing literature on the different forms of occupation and deals with a case study, the history of a building that in 2020 exists as a squatted house that does not fit into the category of organized occupation. It retrieves the history of the building and the tensions surrounding property and management, also mobilizing the story of a low-income migrant family who chose to live always in downtown São Paulo, and went through several housing situations along their trajectory, including a passage through that building. From this narrative, social subjects emerge with more fluid and less predefined roles, buildings that change their character as micropolitics changes, presenting specific challenges for the State, public policies and interpretative frameworks. A situation that requires looking at the fringes of the real estate market and urban property.Keywords: Housing, São Paulo, Urban squatting, Tenement Houses


Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Mendes Carvalho

The focus of the present paper is on work MILK – A National Problem, written by the doctor, journalist and professor Francisco Pompêo do Amaral, which earned the National Academy of Medicine 1955 award, and was then published by José Olympio Editora in 1957. The reason of our interest is the presence of memory hints relevant for the history of chemistry and dietetics, such as scientific instruments and iconographic and bibliographic documents deposited at Memory Center, Carlos de Campos State Technical School, São Paulo, Brazil. To elucidate the process of management of this work, we describe the studies conducted from the 1940s onward at Superintendency of Professional Education of the State of São Paulo, involving the dietitian staff, namely teachers at course for “Food Assistants or Dietitians”, which was the be first devoted to diet and nutrition in Brazil, established by Pompêo do Amaral in 1936. The aforementioned studies mention dietary surveys conducted with students at the female and male professional institutes of São Paulo, as well as teaching practices recorded in books and scientific journals from 1940 to 1955, which provide information on the use of scientific instruments in chemical laboratories via the iconographic records of the Institutes and exhibited at Diet and Nutrition Visiting Technical Reserve.


Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Santos ◽  
Denise Lima de Oliveira ◽  
Mirelle da Silva Freitas

One of the greatest challenges of teachers' education is its requirement to ally theory and practice. In Brazil, this scenario fostered the implementation of the Institutional Scholarship Program for Pre-Service Teacher Education – Pibid by a Governmental agency. The core of the program is to offer undergraduate students the opportunity to experience teaching process as they participate in school routine. Although Pibid dates from 2007, it was implemented at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology – IFTO in 2009. This chapter presents the history of Pibid at IFTO and an analysis of its results with regards to fostering reflective teaching. We employed a qualitative research methodology to conduct this case study. Besides the literature review, we analyzed the reports of Pibid and we surveyed graduates who participated in it while attending their graduate courses. Data confirms that Pibid is beneficial to teachers' pre-service and in-service education; it promotes interaction between theory and practice and, most importantly, it helps developing reflective teaching.


2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 314-324
Author(s):  
Adilson Costa Macedo ◽  
Gastão Santos Sales ◽  
Maria Isabel Imbronito
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-411
Author(s):  
Petrônio José Domingues

This article investigates the trajectory of the Grêmio Dramático, Recreativo e Literário Elite da Liberdade (the Liberdade Elite Guild of Drama, Recreation, and Literature), a black club active in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1919 to 1927. The aim is to reconstruct aspects of the club’s history in light of its educational discourse on civility, which was used as a strategy to promote modern virtues in the black milieu. By appropriating the precepts of civility, Elite da Liberdade helped construct a positive black identity, enabled the creation of bonds of solidarity among its members, and made itself a place of resistance and struggle for social inclusion, recognition, and citizens’ rights.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Ferreira Leite Leirião ◽  
Daniela Debone ◽  
Theotonio Pauliquevis ◽  
Nilton Manuel Évora do Rosário ◽  
Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1018-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Ibrahim Berchin ◽  
Vanessa dos Santos Grando ◽  
Gabriela Almeida Marcon ◽  
Louise Corseuil ◽  
José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra

Purpose This paper aims to analyze strategies that promote sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs), focusing on the case study of a federal institute of higher education in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The research was based on a scientific literature review on sustainability in HEIs, to identify the recurrent actions for sustainability in these institutions; and a case study of a federal institute of higher education in Brazil, to illustrate how these actions are being implemented by HEIs. Findings Concerns about sustainability, prompted by the Brazilian federal legislature, led federal HEI to change its internal processes, infrastructure and organizational culture toward sustainability. Practical implications The findings presented in this study, more specifically the sustainability plan of the Federal Institute for Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina, aligned with the recommendations proposed, can be used and replicated in other HEIs. Originality/value Scientific literature about organizational changes led by sustainability concerns, in HEIs specifically, still needs more attention in the academia. By addressing the case of a Brazilian public institution of higher education, this paper contributes to the literature on sustainability in higher education by reporting the process of implementation of a sustainability plan.


2014 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo ◽  
Marco Antonio Couto ◽  
Jorge Luís Porsani ◽  
Emerson Rodrigo Almeida ◽  
Fernando Acácio Monteiro dos Santos

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