scholarly journals 25 Years on the Way to Market Economy: Progress or Regression. The Case of Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Raimundas Duzinskas ◽  
Arturas Jurgelevicius
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Shock Therapy ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Central Pillar ◽  
The Way

After the collapse of central planned economy in Central and Eastern Europe, all affected countries experienced dramatic change towards the market economy. Seemingly, market economy could bring prosperity and plant “american dream” in Central and Eastern Europe. However, the way towards market economy of every country became not that easy as was thought primarily. Different models of transition period did not bring rapid results, however. “Shock Therapy” or gradualist approach was the central pillar of debates of economists and politicians. However, none of them could predict the exact consequences to the development of economies. The official approach to market economy was considered liberalization. The creation of extremely important preconditions for transitions was lacking. The most important market institutes such as social capital, human resources were not created timely which caused long social economic consequences to countries’ development. Lithuanian experience of transforming economy and integration to EU is analyzed in the paper. Lithuanian experience might be applicable to other potential candidate countries. In order to identify the level of development such indicators were selected: competitiveness index, rate of social exclusion and at risk of poverty, GDP growth rate, minimum wage and others.

1968. The “Prague Spring”: Fifty Years Later. Historical Essays

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
General Reader ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Prague Spring ◽  
The Military

This book is devoted to a symbolic event that defined the life and values of several generations. Half a century ago, Czech communists tried to give a new impetus to their country’s system of government by combining socialist values with a rational market economy and the mechanisms of a developed democracy. This effort failed, and the state was occupied by the military. This book is the result of joint efforts by Russian, Czech, and Romanian historians, archivists, and cultural and literary scholars, who—exploring new documents and materials—have reinterpreted these events and their lessons from a present-day perspective. Objectively, the “Prague Spring” is from a bygone era, but it is still a milestone, and many of the problems encountered during the Prague Spring are still relevant today. The authors hope that they have contributed to the historiography of the now-distant events of 1968 and that their contributions will help in analysing the experiences of the past in order to be prepared for the events of the future. This book is aimed at specialists in the history and culture of Central and Eastern Europe, students of higher educational institutions, and the general reader interested in twentieth-century history.

scholarly journals Kraje Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej i rozszerzenie NATO a polityka zagraniczna Federacji Rosyjskiej w latach 1992‑1994

Politeja ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7 (34/2)) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Igor Grieckij
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Nato Enlargement ◽  
History Of

Central and Eastern Europe countries and NATO enlargement in foreign policy of Russian Federation in 1992‑1992 The beginning of the 1990s is one of the most interesting and controversial periods in the history of Russian foreign policy. At that time, extensive reforms were introduced in Russia in the framework of transition to market economy and institutions of civil society. Russia’s foreign policy has undergone great changes, as well, many of its fundamental provisions were subject to significant adjustment. In particular, the new leadership of Russia is no longer considered NATO as an enemy, and even let in a possibility of Russia’s prospects for NATO membership in future. However, by 1994, the Kremlin’s position on that issue has changed dramatically. This article examines the nature of these changes in Russia’s foreign policy, as well as the reasons why the Russian government perceived negatively the CEE countries’ aspirations to join NATO, and considered it as a threat to its national interests.

scholarly journals Political Economy of Fiscal Reform in Central and Eastern Europe

Competitio ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
George Kopits
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fiscal Reform ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
National Budget

The reform of public finances has been at the centre of the post-socialist transition of Central and Eastern Europe since the early 1990s. At various stages of the transition, the reform process encompassed the entire gamut of public finances: the national budget, sub-national finances, extrabudgetary operations, and state-owned financial and non-financial enterprises. For the most part, fiscal reform was a non-linear stop-and-go process – often characterised by backtracking as well – and was uneven across countries. Moreover, unlike most reform experience in the rest of the world, fiscal reform in this region took place against the backdrop of a radical break, as sovereign countries emerged from a colonial past following the collapse of the Soviet Union. An important milestone was reached in 2004–2007, when all ten countries covered in this article became members of the European Union. The purpose of this article is to discuss fiscal reform in Central and Eastern Europe from the perspective of political economy. Following an overview of basic reform trends, the article focuses on the principal drivers and impediments to reform in the region. To conclude, the ingredients of successful reform are examined. The article does not provide an exhaustive inventory of reform measures, nor does it offer a survey of broad political economy issues prior to or during the transition period. Country references are intended to serve as stylised illustrations of main points, rather than as a comprehensive documentation of reform episodes. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classifications: H1, H3, P2, P52.

Customizing management training in Central and Eastern Europe: Mini-shock therapy

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Gobeli ◽  
Krzysztof Przybylowski ◽  
William Rudelius
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Shock Therapy

Human Resource Management in the Postsocialist Region of Central and Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-264
Author(s):  
Michael J. Morley ◽  
Andrej Kohont ◽  
József Poór ◽  
Rūta Kazlauskaitė ◽  
Veronika Kabalina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Policy And Practice

In this chapter, the authors landscape key aspects of the historical and contemporary nature of human resource management in the postsocialist region of central and eastern Europe. The chapter commences with a background discussion of the evolution of human resource management in the region under three key periods, namely, the socialist period, the transition period, and the contemporary period. The chapter then turns to providing an account of a selected number of particular historical and contextual factors that account for some of the commonalities and differences exhibited in contemporary human resource management in the region. Chief among the factors identified are cultural determinants, variations in the control provisions that operated under socialism, the path to gradual Europeanization, the ownership structure in the economy, the shifting fortunes of trade unions, and the levels of managerial competence. Finally, drawing on three waves of Cranet data gathered between 2004/5 and 2014/15, the authors provide a summative account of selected aspects of organizational-level human resource management policy and practice in the region.

scholarly journals GOLD 2017 on the way to a phenotypic approach? Analysis from the Phenotypes of COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (POPE) Cohort

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1602518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neven Tudoric ◽  
Vladimir Koblizek ◽  
Marc Miravitlles ◽  
Arschang Valipour ◽  
Branislava Milenkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The Way
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