scholarly journals Relacja przełożony – podwładny w ujęciu psychoanalitycznym

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Barabasz
Keyword(s):  
Creative Activity ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Rational Control ◽  
The Mind

An article introduces psychoanalytic concepts which can be of help in making sense of seemingly irrational processes in individuals, groups and organizations. Looking at an organization through the spectrum of psychoanalytic concepts is a potentially creative activity which may help in understanding and dealing with such issues like motivation, control, assessment of organizational members. An author believes that recognizing unconscious, hidden motives will let the managers to avoid automatic reactions and will improve the effectiveness of their influences. The main described notion is a transference occurring when employee brings into relationship with a superior (leader, manager) something that belongs elsewhere, which may take the form of a feeling, or a pressure to take up a particular role. Counter-transference is the response in the mind of superior, which may also take the form of a feeling or one kind of behavior. Both transference and countertransference are unconscious processes and are not liable to rational control.

scholarly journals Exploring, modelling, and simulating the Feeling of Comfort in residential settings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
German Molina
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Building Science ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind

<p><b>The fact that comfort is a subjective state of the mind is widely accepted by engineers, architects and building scientists. Despite this, capturing all the complexity, subjectivity and richness of this construct in models that are useful in building science contexts is far from straightforward. By prioritizing usability, building science has produced models of comfort (e.g., acoustic, visual and thermal) that overly simplify this concept to something nearly objective that can be directly associated with people’s physiology and measurable and quantifiable environmental factors. This is a contradiction because, even if comfort is supposed to be subjective, most of the complexity of “the subject” is avoided by focusing on physiology; and, even if comfort is supposed to reside in the mind, the cognitive processes that characterize the mind are disregarded. This research partially mitigates this contradiction by exploring people’s non-physical personal factors and cognition within the context of their comfort and by proposing a way in which they can be incorporated into building science research and practice. This research refers to these elements together—i.e., people’s non-physical personal factors and cognition—as “the mind”.</b></p> <p>This research proposes a new qualitative model of the Feeling of Comfort that embraces “the mind”. This model was developed from the results of a first study in which 18 people—from Chile and New Zealand—were asked to describe “a home with good daylight” and “a warm home” in their own words. These results were then replicated in a second study in which another group of 24 people—also from Chile and New Zealand—described “a home with good acoustic performance”, “a home with good air quality” and “a pleasantly cool home”. The Feeling of Comfort model not only was capable of making sense of the new data (gathered in this second study) but also proved to be simple enough to be useful in the context of comfort research and practice. For instance, it guided the development of a quantitative Feeling of Comfort model and also of a prototype building simulation tool that embraces “the mind” and thus can potentially estimate people’s Feeling of Comfort.</p> <p>This research concludes that embracing “the mind” is not only possible but necessary. The reason for this is that “the mind” plays a significant role in the development of people’s comfort. Thus, theories and models of comfort that ignore it fail to represent properly the concept of comfort held by the people for whom buildings are designed. However, incorporating “the mind” into building science’s research and practice implies embracing tools, research methods and conceptual frameworks that have historically not been used by such a discipline. Specifically, it concludes that building science should normalize a more holistic view of comfort and perform more exploratory and qualitative research.</p>

scholarly journals Exploring, modelling, and simulating the Feeling of Comfort in residential settings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
German Molina
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Building Science ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind

<p><b>The fact that comfort is a subjective state of the mind is widely accepted by engineers, architects and building scientists. Despite this, capturing all the complexity, subjectivity and richness of this construct in models that are useful in building science contexts is far from straightforward. By prioritizing usability, building science has produced models of comfort (e.g., acoustic, visual and thermal) that overly simplify this concept to something nearly objective that can be directly associated with people’s physiology and measurable and quantifiable environmental factors. This is a contradiction because, even if comfort is supposed to be subjective, most of the complexity of “the subject” is avoided by focusing on physiology; and, even if comfort is supposed to reside in the mind, the cognitive processes that characterize the mind are disregarded. This research partially mitigates this contradiction by exploring people’s non-physical personal factors and cognition within the context of their comfort and by proposing a way in which they can be incorporated into building science research and practice. This research refers to these elements together—i.e., people’s non-physical personal factors and cognition—as “the mind”.</b></p> <p>This research proposes a new qualitative model of the Feeling of Comfort that embraces “the mind”. This model was developed from the results of a first study in which 18 people—from Chile and New Zealand—were asked to describe “a home with good daylight” and “a warm home” in their own words. These results were then replicated in a second study in which another group of 24 people—also from Chile and New Zealand—described “a home with good acoustic performance”, “a home with good air quality” and “a pleasantly cool home”. The Feeling of Comfort model not only was capable of making sense of the new data (gathered in this second study) but also proved to be simple enough to be useful in the context of comfort research and practice. For instance, it guided the development of a quantitative Feeling of Comfort model and also of a prototype building simulation tool that embraces “the mind” and thus can potentially estimate people’s Feeling of Comfort.</p> <p>This research concludes that embracing “the mind” is not only possible but necessary. The reason for this is that “the mind” plays a significant role in the development of people’s comfort. Thus, theories and models of comfort that ignore it fail to represent properly the concept of comfort held by the people for whom buildings are designed. However, incorporating “the mind” into building science’s research and practice implies embracing tools, research methods and conceptual frameworks that have historically not been used by such a discipline. Specifically, it concludes that building science should normalize a more holistic view of comfort and perform more exploratory and qualitative research.</p>

scholarly journals Making sense of human interaction benefits from communicative cues

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kourtis ◽  
Pierre Jacob ◽  
Natalie Sebanz ◽  
Dan Sperber ◽  
Günther Knoblich
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Pointing Gestures ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Pointing Gesture

Abstract We investigated whether communicative cues help observers to make sense of human interaction. We recorded EEG from an observer monitoring two individuals who were occasionally communicating with each other via either mutual eye contact and/or pointing gestures, and then jointly attending to the same object or attending to different objects that were placed on a table in front of them. The analyses were focussed on the processing of the interaction outcome (i.e. presence or absence of joint attention) and showed that its interpretation is a two-stage process, as reflected in the N300 and the N400 potentials. The N300 amplitude was reduced when the two individuals shared their focus of attention, which indicates the operation of a cognitive process that involves the relatively fast identification and evaluation of actor–object relationships. On the other hand, the N400 was insensitive to the sharing or distribution of the two individuals’ attentional focus. Interestingly, the N400 was reduced when the interaction outcome was preceded either by mutual eye contact or by a perceived pointing gesture. This shows that observation of communication “opens up” the mind to a wider range of action possibilities and thereby helps to interpret unusual outcomes of social interactions.

Mathematics as Art: The Missing Standard

1999 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
James R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Actual World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Pure Reason ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Great Work ◽  
Second Best ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Home ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Ideal

Mathematics, rightly viewed, possesses not only truth, but supreme beauty—a beauty cold and austere, like that of sculpture, without appeal to any part of our weaker nature, without the gorgeous trappings of painting or music, yet sublimely pure, and capable of a stern perfection such as only the greatest art can show. The true spirit of delight, the exaltation, the sense of being more than man, which is the touchstone of the highest excellence, is to be found in mathematics as surely as in poetry. What is best in mathematics deserves not merely to be learnt as a task, but to be assimilated as a part of daily thought, and brought again and again before the mind with ever-renewed encouragement. Real life is, to most men, a long second-best, a perpetual compromise between the ideal and the possible; but the world of pure reason knows no compromise, no practical limitations, no barrier to the creative activity embodying in splendid edifices the passionate aspiration after the perfect from which all great work springs. Remote from human passions, remote even from the pitiful facts of nature, the generations have gradually created an ordered cosmos, where pure thought can dwell as in its natural home, and where one, at least, of our nobler impulses can escape from the dreary exile of the actual world.

scholarly journals Transference and Countertransference in EMDR Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Piedfort-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Action Systems ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy ◽  
Complex Cases

Just like any other psychotherapy method, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) should conceptualize the intersubjective phenomena that are active during EMDR therapy, especially in the treatment of complex cases. This article describes the concepts of transference and countertransference and how to integrate them in the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. In this article, research on mirror neurons, the concept of action systems, and recent considerations on attachment theory for patients with disorganized attachment are incorporated into the concepts of transference and countertransference. Input from each of these theories is illustrated with a clinical vignette that depicts how the client’s and the therapist’s conscious and unconscious processes are intertwined and how they may affect the efficacy of EMDR therapy. We propose the countertransference-based interweave to release the AIP when countertransference issues block the process. Integrating knowledge on transference and countertransference in EMDR therapy could increase the efficacy of EMDR, especially in complex cases.

scholarly journals What's bred in the bone: Transference and Countertransference in Teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
John Sherry ◽  
Leslie Warner ◽  
Andrew Kitchenham
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Helping Professions ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Hermeneutic Phenomenological ◽  
Relationship Context ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology

Countertransference and transference have been well researched in the context of the client-therapist relationship, but there are few studies looking at these unconscious processes in other helping professions, such as teaching. Utilizing a hermeneutic phenomenological methodology, we investigated how transference and countertransference are understood and experienced by classroom teachers. We interviewed four school teachers on their understanding and management of the two concepts in the classroom and arrived at the following themes derived from the transcribed interviews for transference and countertransference, respectively: Schema, Relationship, Context, Unconscious; Background experience, Self-awareness, Self-reflection. We conclude with implications for teachers and counsellors, alike.

Lewis, Clarence Irving (1883–1964)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra B. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Way

The American philosopher C.I. Lewis held that in all knowledge there are two elements: that which is presented to sense and the construction or interpretation which represents the creative activity of the mind. Contrary to Kant, Lewis claimed that what is fixed and unalterable is not the structure that we bring to the sensibly presented, but rather the sensibly presented itself. The categories that mind imposes do not limit experience; they determine the interpretation we place upon experience, and if too much of experience eludes our categorizations, new ones should be established. It is pragmatically necessary that we create interpretive structures which will work in getting us around in sensory experience. This important and novel doctrine, Lewis’ ‘pragmatic a priori’, emerged through the development of ideas which took root during his study of logic. The problems of choosing among alternative logics led him to assert the need for pragmatic criteria. The way we conceptually structure or categorize experience answers to pragmatic criteria of purposes, intents and interests. Only within a context defined by a priori categorizations can empirical judgments be made. These empirical judgments proceed from apprehensions of the sensibly presented to assertions of objectivities. Moral judgments require both judgments of good and decisions of right. Judgments of value are tied to qualitative satisfactions disclosed in experience and are empirical claims. Decisions about the morally right are based on imperatives of reason.

Behavior Control, Meaning, and Neuroscience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Glannon
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Causal Role ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Behavior Control ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Efferent System ◽  
Flexible Behavior ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Environmental Demands

Neuroscience challenges our beliefs about agency and autonomy because it seems to imply that we have no control of our behavior: most brain processes are not transparent to us, we have no direct access to the efferent system, and we only experience the sensorimotor consequences of our unconscious motor plans. In this chapter, Walter Glannon argues that although unconscious processes drive many of our actions, this does not imply that conscious mental states have no causal role in our behavior and that we have no control over it. He argues that some degree of unconscious neural constraint on conscious mental states is necessary to modulate thought and action and promote flexible behavior and adaptability to environmental demands. He maintains that a nonreductive materialist account of the mind–brain relation makes it plausible to claim that mental states can cause changes in physical states of the brain.

The frames of the mind of a psychiatrist

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
M. O. Huttunen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Clinical Decisions ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Social Trauma ◽  
The Mind

The structures of our mind may be understood as ‘frames’, which play a key role in our everyday goals, choices and decisions. Understanding these often unconscious processes may help us to understand the complex decisions we make in our clinical practice. Such frames may be many in number, being based, for example, on medical, psychological, social, trauma, or problem-solving models. The ‘frames’ we use in our clinical decisions should be tailored to the needs of our patients, and may need to be adapted at different phases of illness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document