Production and Reproduction Performance of Sahiwal and HF × Sahiwal Cows

Background: Milk production is one of the most important economic traits in dairy cattle. Crossing of zebu cattle (Bos indicus) with temperate cattle breeds (Bos taurus) was undertaken to improve the milk production in India. Crossbreeding has resulted in improved production performance of the dairy animlas over the past few decades. Methods: Data on 50 purebred Sahiwal cows from the Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad and 50 Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal crossbred cows maintained at the Military Dairy Farm, Secunderabad were utilized to study the influence of breed and parity on various production and reproduction traits. The various traits studied were: Total lactation milk yield (TLMY) Lactation length (LL), Peak yield (PY), Age at first service (AFS), Age at first calving (AFC), Gestation period (GP), Service period (SP), Dry period (DP) and Calving interval (Cl). Result: In the present study, significant effect of breed was found on the TLMY and PY with the crossbreds recording higher values for both the traits. The means for TLMY, PY, LL, GP, SP, DP and CI were 1768.32±109.67 kg, 10.17±0.50 kg, 304.41±13.00 days, 277.71±2.24 days, 182.60±15.51 days, 167.47±10.68 days and 430.23±13.46 days in Sahiwal and 2983.45±78.32 kg, 14.92±0.36 kg, 324.71±9.29 days, 275.34 days, 181.09±10.91 days, 127.01±7.51, 413.61±9.47 days in crossbred cows respectively. It may be concluded that the productive performance of crossbred cows was better than that of indigenous cows.

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Effect of Seasons on Physiological Responses in Sahiwal and Crossbred Cows

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4700 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

J. Sai Prasanna ◽

S.T. Viroji Rao ◽

M. Gnana Prakash ◽

Suresh Rathod ◽

P. Kalyani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Respiration Rate ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Crossbred Cows ◽

Sahiwal Cows ◽

Dairy Animals

Background: Growing demand for improving milk production and rising temperatures due to global warming has increased the thermal load on dairy animals. Physiological parameters such as respiration rate and body temperature mainly determine the adaptability of animals to climate stress. During genetic adaptation, Bos indicus cattle have acquired thermo tolerant genes and when exposed to heat stress conditions, the Bos indicus cattle have lower respiration rates and rectal temperatures than Bos taurus animals. The present study was aimed to study the effect of seasons on the physiological responses in Sahiwal and crossbred cows. Methods: A total of 50 crossbred cows maintained at Military dairy Farm, Secunderabad and 50 Sahiwal cows maintained at Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, PVNRTVU were utilized for the present investigation. The study was conducted during summer (THI = 83.71±0.01), rainy (THI = 71.37±0.01) and winter (THI = 66.69±0.01) seasons. Changes in respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) were observed in different seasons in Sahiwal and crossbred cows. Result: RR (breaths/ min) in Sahiwal cows during summer, rainy and winter were 28.56±0.38, 23.38±0.38 and 20.54±0.38 respectively whereas RR (breaths/ min) in crossbred cows were 44.58±0.38, 25.94±0.38 and 21.90±0.38 respectively. In Sahiwal cows RT (°C) during summer, rainy and winter were 38.52±0.03, 38.23±0.03 and 38.13±0.03 respectively whereas RT (°C) in crossbred cows were 39.22±0.02, 38.72±0.03 and 37.80±0.03 respectively. The magnitude of increase in RR, RT and HTC were found to be higher during summer compared to other seasons in both Sahiwal and crossbred cows. It was observed that Sahiwal cows are less sensitive to heat stress and are better able to regulate their body temperature than crossbred cows when environmental temperature increases during summer. The HTC values were lower in Sahiwal cows in all the seasons studied indicating better thermo tolerance when compared to the crossbred cows.

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The effects of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on food intake, diet digestibility and milk production of crossbred cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100036783 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 183-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

H. Khalili ◽

T. Varvikko ◽

S. Crosse

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Crossbred Cows ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Forage Type

AbstractAn experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on forage intake, diet digestibility and milk production. Twenty-four crossbred cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus), in early lactation, were allocated to the following six dietary treatments: native grass hay (H) or oat-vetch hay (OV), offered ad libitum, and supplemented with either 0, 2·5 or 5·0 kg per cow per day of a wheat-middling-based concentrate. A four-period, partially balanced, change-over design was used and the treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial.The daily dry-matter (DM) intake was 640 g (P < 0·001) higher with cows on (H) diets compared with those on OV diets. However, OV diets were more digestible (0·675 v. 0·566, P < 0·001) resulting in 800 g higher (P < 0·05) daily intake of digestible DM. The daily milk yield was 1·24 kg higher (P < 0·001) for cows on OV diets compared with H diets. Milk fat concentration was higher (P < 0·05), but milk protein concentration was lower (P < 0·001) with H diets. The rates of rumen degradation of DM and nitrogen of OV were higher than of H for all incubation periods; similarly the values of the rate constant of DM and nitrogen were greater for OV than for H.The daily DM intake increased by 3·72 kg/day (P < 0·001), when the amount of concentrate increased from 0 to 5·0 kg/day, indicating a minor substitution of basal forage by concentrate. The apparent DM digestibilities of the diets were higher when the diets were supplemented with concentrates. The milk yield increased linearly (P < 0·001), when the level of concentrate supplement increased from 0 to 5 kg, resulting in 0·52 kg more milk per day per kg additional concentrate given.

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A report on management practices and milk production from jersey cows raised in Ibadan

Journal of Agriculture Forestry and the Social Sciences ◽

10.4314/joafss.v11i2.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

OA Olorunnisomo ◽

AA Oni ◽

JO Abiola

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cooling System ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Tropical Condition ◽

Jersey Cattle ◽

Lactation Length ◽

The University ◽

University Of Ibadan

In order to kick-start milk production and upgrade genetic base of local zebu cattle at the University of Ibadan, four in-calf Jersey heifers and one bull were acquired in September 2012, from a pure herd of Jersey cattle maintained on a private farm in Shonga, Kwara State, Nigeria. Management at Shonga was based on an intensive, zero-grazing system. The animals were apparently in a good state of health at the time of procurement. At the University of Ibadan, management was also intensive, with partial grazing, fortified grass silage and concentrates supplementation. Health management of Jersey cattle involved preventive and curative measures. Calving occurred within 7 and 156 days of arrival at Ibadan. Two out of four heifers calved successfully while two had still-births. Calves were allowed to suckle their dams for 14 days after calving and bottle-fed from milk collected from their dams afterwards. Milking was done twice daily at 7am and 4pm using a portable milking machine. Milk yield averaged 8.8 kg/cow/day with lactation length ranging between 93 and 246 days. Average composition of milk was 13.69, 3.60, 4.73, 0.65 and 4.71% for total solids, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate respectively. In order to maximize milk production from Jersey cattle under the humid tropical condition of Ibadan, there is need to maintain a high plane of nutrition, adopt a preventive healthcare system and incorporate a cooling system to ameliorate the effects of high ambient temperatures.Key words: calving age, dairy cattle, lactation length, milk composition, milk yield

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Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of the Pantaneiro cattle breed

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2006001100006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 1609-1615 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Érica Cunha Issa ◽

Wilham Jorge ◽

José Robson Bezerra Sereno

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Y Chromosome ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Cattle Breed ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

European Origin ◽

Paternal Line

The objective of this work was to characterize Pantaneiro cattle genetically through its paternal ancestry by the morphology of the Y chromosome, whether submetacentric or acrocentric, as well as to identify the maternal ancestry through mitochondrial DNA. The karyotype and mitochondrial DNA of 12 bulls of Pantaneiro breed were analyzed. The Y chromosome was analyzed in lymphocyte metaphases and the mitochondrial DNA by diagnosing its haplotype (Bos taurus and Bos indicus). Among Pantaneiro animals analyzed three had a taurine (submetacentric) Y and nine had a zebuine (acrocentric) Y chromosome, suggesting breed contamination by Zebu cattle, once Pantaneiro is considered to be of European origin. The mitochondrial DNA was exclusively of taurine origin, indicating that the participation of zebuines in the formation of the breed occurred entirely through the paternal line.

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T-Cell and Antibody Responses to Mycobacterial Antigens in Tuberculin Skin-Test-PositiveBos indicusandBos taurusCattle in Ethiopia

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2012/457872 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gobena Ameni ◽

Paul Cockle ◽

Konstantin Lyashchenko ◽

Martin Vordermeier

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Skin Test ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Antigen Recognition ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Mycobacterial Antigen ◽

Multiple Antigen ◽

Mycobacterial Antigens

Higher IFN-γresponses to mycobacterial antigens were observed inBos taurus(Holsteins) than inBos indicus(Zebu) cattle which could due to differences in antigen recognition profiles between the two breeds. The present study was conducted to evaluate mycobacterial antigen recognition profiles of the two breeds. Twenty-three mycobacterial antigens were tested on 46 skin test positive (24 Zebu and 22 Holstein) using enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and multiple antigen print immunoassay (MAPIA). Herds from which the study cattle obtained were tested for Fasciola antibody. The T cells from both breeds recognized most of the mycobacterial antigens at lower and comparable frequencies. However, antigens such as CFP-10, ESAT-6, Rv0287, Rv0288, MPB87, Acr-2, Rv3616c, and Rv3879c were recognized at higher frequencies in zebu while higher frequencies of T cell responses were observed to Hsp65 in both breeds. Furthermore, comparable antibody responses were observed in both breeds; MPB83 being the sero-dominant antigen in both breeds. The prevalence of Fasciola antibody was 81% and similar in both breeds. This piece of work could not lead to a definitive conclusion if there are differences in mycobacterial recognition profiles between the two breeds warranting for further similar studies using sound sample size from the two breeds.

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Detection of Subclinical Ketosis in Urine of Cattle and Buffaloes

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4512 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nishtha Kushwah ◽

Mahendra Singh ◽

Ashwani Kumar Roy

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Ketone Bodies ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Test Strip ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Subclinical Ketosis ◽

Crossbred Cows ◽

Sahiwal Cows

Background: Subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows is a common metabolic disorder and a strong determinant of the health and performance of cows throughout lactation. Considerable amount of milk loss takes place with SCK incidence in dairy animals. Greater benefits are to be gained by monitoring the cows for SCK. The current study was aimed to find out incidence of SCK by urine test strip (Keto-Diastix). Methods: The present investigation was carried out on crossbred and Sahiwal cows and Murrah buffaloes (n=180) of the institute herd and rural dairy farms (n=97) around Karnal. The urine samples were tested for subclinical ketosis (SCK) 5-60 days postpartum from August 2019 to March 2020. Meteriological data on wet and dry bulb temperature and ambient temperature was collected and THI was calculated. Data of SCK incidence was classified based on stages of early lactation (5-20, 21-40 and 41-60d), parity (I, II, III and above), seasons (hot-humid, autumn, winter and spring) and milk production level ( less than 10kg, 10-20 kg and greater than 20 kg/d). Milk yield and environment variables were recorded during the experiment. Urine ketone and glucose level was detected by keto-Diastix to find out incidence of SCK. Result: Mean level of ketone bodies in urine was higher (P less than 0.01) in high yielding cows as compared to the medium yielders; however it did not vary in buffaloes. Ketone bodies in urine were high (P less than 0.01) in crossbred cows than that of buffaloes and Sahiwal cows. Urine glucose level did not vary among cows and buffaloes. It is concluded that high producing crossbred cows are more vulnerable to SCK between 41-60d of lactation and in III parity and above due to peak milk production. Sahiwal cows and buffaloes suffer less from SCK probably due to medium level of milk production. Factors like high milk yield, higher parity and hot-humid stress makes the animal more vulnerable to SCK. The screening of urine samples of animals at monthly intervals may be practiced by the farmers to monitor the incidence of SCK.

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Lifetime productivity and repeatability estimation of selected traits of crossbred cows in Savar Dairy Farm

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v29i2.38303 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 168-177

Author(s):

MS Islam ◽

A Akhtar ◽

MA Hossain ◽

MF Rahman ◽

SS Hossain

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Cattle Breeding ◽

Crossbred Cows ◽

Lactation Length ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Age At Puberty ◽

Selected Traits ◽

Productive Traits

The study was conducted on 244 crossbred cows of (Central Cattle Breeding and Diry Farm), Savar, Dhaka to evaluate the effect of different productive groups on their lifetime performance of various productive traits using twenty years data. Data were accumulated from a prescribed data sheet maintained by Central Cattle Breeding Station, Savar, Dhaka. Genetic groups for this experiment were Local Friesian (LF), Local Jersey (LJ), Local Hariana X Friesian (LH x F), Local Friesian X Local Friesian (LF x LF) and Local Jersey X Local Jersey (LJ x LJ). The studied parameters were age at puberty, lactation length, lactation yield, total milking days, and total milk yield in lifetime. The data were analyzed using Least-Squares Mixed Model and Maximum Likelihood Computer Program (Harvey, 1990). Analysis showed that genetic groups had a significant effect on age at puberty, lactation length and lactation yield (P<0.01), total milking days and milk yield in lifetime (P<0.001). From the result it was found that earliest age at puberty were in L x F (749.27±99.01). Lactation length and standardized lactation yield were also higher in L x F (258.69±20.04 days and 1408.80±83.60 kg respectively). Total milking days and milk yield were observed higher in (LH x F) with mean of 1468.30±198.58 days and 7340.32±1813.28 kg, respectively. The repeatability estimates of lactation length for genetic groups LF, LJ, LH x F, LF x LF and LJ x LJ were 0.24±0.09, 0.04(-ve), 0.10±0.05, 0.07±0.05 and 0.49±0.22, respectively. The same for lactation yield was 0.17±0.08, 0.27± 0.02, 0.07±0.04, 0.17±0.08 and 0.03±0.05 respectively. From analysis it was revealed that in respect of productive performances the L x F genetic group was found superior compared to other groups but interns of total lifetime productivity, LH x F ranked the highest in the given environment. It is concluded that lifetime productivity needs to be considered as an appropriate guideline for selecting genetic groups for future productivity.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 168-177, 2018

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