scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl E. Minges ◽  
Robin Whittemore ◽  
Margaret Grey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Modest Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Youth

Overweight and obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is now prevalent and accounts for significant health consequences, including cardiovascular complications and dual diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Physical activity and lifestyle are modifiable and play an important role in the prevention and management of excessive weight, but it is unclear how these factors relate to overweight and obese youth with T1D. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to examine how physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and diet are related to overweight/obesity in youth with T1D. Seven observational and intervention studies published between 1990 and 2013 were included in the review. Prevalence of overweight ranged from 12.5% to 33.3%. Overweight in youth with T1D was associated with infrequent napping, increased screen time, and skipping breakfast and dinner but was not related to time engaged in physical activity. Weight-related interventions indicated modest weight loss along with improved glycemic control. In light of this review, there is a need for high quality research that examines all levels of activity in youth with T1D to identify lifestyle modification targets for weight prevention and management.

1746-P: Obese Youth with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Have Worse Hepatic Insulin Resistance (IR) Than Youth with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1746-P
Author(s):  
PATTARA WIROMRAT ◽  
MELANIE CREE-GREEN ◽  
BRYAN C. BERGMAN ◽  
KALIE L. TOMMERDAHL ◽  
AMY BAUMGARTNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Obese Youth

scholarly journals Maternal overweight and obesity and risk of pre-eclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes

Diabetologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2099-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Persson ◽  
Sven Cnattingius ◽  
Anna-Karin Wikström ◽  
Stefan Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Maternal Overweight

scholarly journals Effects of Flash Glucose Monitoring on Dietary Variety, Physical Activity, and Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ida ◽  
Ryutaro Kaneko ◽  
Kanako Imataka ◽  
Kaoru Okubo ◽  
Yoshitaka Shirakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of flash glucose monitoring on dietary variety, physical activity, and self-care behavior in patients with diabetes. This study included outpatients with diabetes using insulin who presented at the Department of Diabetes and Metabolism of the Ise Red Cross Hospital. Before initiating flash glucose monitoring and 12 weeks after its initiation, blood glucose-related parameters were assessed and self-administered questionnaires were completed (Dietary Variety Score (DVS), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA), and the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ)) and compared between the two time points. We analyzed 42 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 48 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not type 1 diabetes mellitus, there was an increase in moderate/high category scores for IPAQ (P<0.001) and for treatment satisfaction reported via DTSQ. Furthermore, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the glycemic excursion index improved significantly and HbA1c decreased significantly (from 7.7 (1.2) to 7.4 (0.8), P=0.025). Results showed that standard deviation and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions significantly decreased in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (from 71.2 (20.4) to 66.2 (17.5), P=0.033 and from 124.6 (31.9) to 108.1 (28.4), P<0.001, respectively). Flash glucose monitoring is a useful tool to improve physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals NDUFB6 Polymorphism Is Associated With Physical Activity-Mediated Metabolic Changes in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Pesta ◽  
Tomas Jelenik ◽  
Oana-Patricia Zaharia ◽  
Pavel Bobrov ◽  
Sven Görgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration

The rs540467 SNP in the NDUFB6 gene, encoding a mitochondrial complex I subunit, has been shown to modulate adaptations to exercise training. Interaction effects with diabetes mellitus remain unclear. We assessed associations of habitual physical activity (PA) levels with metabolic variables and examined a possible modifying effect of the rs540467 SNP. Volunteers with type 2 (n=242), type 1 diabetes (n=250) or normal glucose tolerance (control; n=139) were studied at diagnosis and subgroups with type 1 (n=96) and type 2 diabetes (n=95) after 5 years. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, oxygen uptake at the ventilator threshold (VO2AT) by spiroergometry and PA by questionnaires. Translational studies investigated insulin signaling and mitochondrial function in Ndufb6 siRNA-treated C2C12 myotubes, with electronic pulse stimulation (EPS) to simulate exercising. PA levels were 10 and 6%, VO2AT was 31% and 8% lower in type 2 and type 1 diabetes compared to control. Within 5 years, 36% of people with type 2 diabetes did not improve their insulin sensitivity despite increasing PA levels. The NDUFB6 rs540467 SNP modifies PA-mediated changes in insulin sensitivity, body composition and liver fat estimates in type 2 diabetes. Silencing Ndufb6 in myotubes reduced mitochondrial respiration and prevented rescue from palmitate-induced insulin resistance after EPS. A substantial proportion of humans with type 2 diabetes fails to respond to rising PA with increasing insulin sensitivity. This may at least partly relate to a polymorphism of the NDUFB6 gene, which may contribute to modulating mitochondrial function.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01055093. The trial was retrospectively registered on 25th of January 2010.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Mobile Phone Apps for Lifestyle Modification in Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghan Wu ◽  
Xitong Guo ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Term

BACKGROUND Diabetes and related complications are estimated to cost US $727 billion worldwide annually. Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes are three subtypes of diabetes that share the same behavioral risk factors. Efforts in lifestyle modification, such as daily physical activity and healthy diets, can reduce the risk of prediabetes, improve the health levels of people with diabetes, and prevent complications. Lifestyle modification is commonly performed in a face-to-face interaction, which can prove costly. Mobile phone apps provide a more accessible platform for lifestyle modification in diabetes. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to summarize and synthesize the clinical evidence of the efficacy of mobile phone apps for lifestyle modification in different subtypes of diabetes. METHODS In June 2018, we conducted a literature search in 5 databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO). We evaluated the studies that passed screening using The Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. We conducted a meta-analysis for each subtype on the mean difference (between intervention and control groups) at the posttreatment glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Where possible, we analyzed subgroups for short-term (3-6 months) and long-term (9-12 months) studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. RESULTS We identified total of 2669 articles through database searching. After the screening, we included 26 articles (23 studies) in the systematic review, of which 18 studies (5 type 1 diabetes, 11 type 2 diabetes, and 2 prediabetes studies) were eligible for meta-analysis. For type 1 diabetes, the overall effect on HbA1c was statistically insignificant (P=.46) with acceptable heterogeneity (I2=39%) in the short-term subgroup (4 studies) and significant heterogeneity between the short-term and long-term subgroups (I2=64%). Regarding type 2 diabetes, the overall effect on HbA1c was statistically significant (P<.01) in both subgroups, and when the 2 subgroups were combined, there was virtually no heterogeneity within and between the subgroups (I2 range 0%-2%). The effect remained statistically significant (P<.01) after adjusting for publication bias using the trim and fill method. For the prediabetes condition, the overall effect on HbA1c was statistically insignificant (P=.67) with a large heterogeneity (I2=65%) between the 2 studies. CONCLUSIONS There is strong evidence for the efficacy of mobile phone apps for lifestyle modification in type 2 diabetes. The evidence is inconclusive for the other diabetes subtypes.

scholarly journals Resting and exercise-induced IL-6 levels in children with Type 1 diabetes reflect hyperglycemic profiles during the previous 3 days

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime S. Rosa ◽  
Rebecca L. Flores ◽  
Stacy R. Oliver ◽  
Andria M. Pontello ◽  
Frank P. Zaldivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Exercise Induced

Poor glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) causes long-term cardiovascular complications, at least in part via chronic, low-grade inflammation associated with recurrent hyperglycemia. While physical activity can reduce both inflammation and cardiovascular risks, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This is particularly important for T1DM children, for whom the prevention of long-term cardiovascular complications must include optimization of exercise-related anti-inflammatory strategies. We therefore studied the effect of prior hyperglycemia on resting and exercise-induced inflammatory status (plasma IL-6) in T1DM children. Glycemia was continuously recorded with a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) system for 63 h preceding a 30-min intermittent cycling exercise protocol at ∼80% peak rate of oxygen uptake (V̇o2max). Euglycemia (4.4–6.1 mM) was maintained for 90 min before, during, and 30 min after exercise. IL-6 plasma concentration (pg/ml) was measured at baseline, at end exercise, and 30 min postexercise. Subjects were then divided into quartiles based on average glycemia during the CGMS recording. IL-6 levels (pg/ml) were lowest in the quartile with lowest average 3-day glycemia and increased proportionally to greater hyperglycemic exposure; this was observed at baseline (0.86 ± 0.10, 1.06 ± 0.16, 1.14 ± 0.14, 1.20 ± 0.16), absolute IL-6 change (Δ) at end exercise (0.20 ± 0.16, 0.32 ± 0.10, 0.48 ± 0.09, 0.62 ± 0.13), and Δ at 30 min postexercise (0.49 ± 0.13, 0.71 ± 0.16, 0.89 ± 0.14, 1.38 ± 0.33). Therefore, poorly controlled glycemic profile, even in the 63 h preceding an exercise challenge, can alter inflammatory adaptation in T1DM children. Our data underscore the necessity to fully understand all molecular aspects of physical activity to provide the scientific rationale for exercise regimens that will be able to maximize health benefits for T1DM children.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Diagnosis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes and Lifestyle Change Among Uninsured Primary Care Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 233339281668952
Author(s):  
Shannon Weaver ◽  
Jeanie Ashby ◽  
Akiko Kamimura
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Free Clinic ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Primary Care Patients

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine self-reported diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and lifestyle change among uninsured primary care patients utilizing a free clinic. Methods: Free clinic patients participated in a self-administered survey in May and June 2016. Patients with the following self-reported diagnoses were analyzed: type 2 diabetes only (n = 84), and type 1 diabetes only or both (n = 43). Results: Participants who reported having type 2 diabetes only and/or were patients of the diabetes clinic were less likely to have modified diet and/or physical activity to manage diabetes compared to those with type 1 diabetes and/or those who were not patients of the diabetes clinic. Participants with hypertension were more likely to have changed diet and/or physical activity compared to those without hypertension. Conclusion: Uninsured primary care patients may not know whether they have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This is problematic as type 1 and type 2 diabetes require different prevention and self-management strategies. Future studies should examine the impact of misunderstanding the 2 types of diabetes on health behaviors and outcomes and explore the context of the misunderstanding.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Youth-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Its Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. March ◽  
Dorothy J. Becker ◽  
Ingrid M. Libman
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Since the 1980s, there has been a dramatic rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in pediatric populations, in large part driven by sedentary lifestyles and changing dietary patterns with more processed foods. In parallel with the rise in pediatric obesity in the general population, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Adiposity has been implicated in a variety of mechanisms both potentiating the risk for type 1 diabetes as well as exacerbating long-term complications, particularly cardiovascular disease. Treatment options targeting the unique needs of obese pediatric patients, both before and after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, are limited. In this review, we discuss the history of the epidemiology of the obesity epidemic in the context of pediatric type 1 diabetes, highlight the possible role of obesity in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and review the concept of “double diabetes”. The impact of obesity at and after diagnosis will be discussed, including noted differences in clinical and biochemical markers, lipid abnormalities, and long-term cardiovascular complications. Finally, we will review the existing literature on pharmacologic and nutritional interventions as potential treatment strategies for youth with coexisting type 1 diabetes and obesity.

scholarly journals Early prediction of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
A.E. Petrosyan ◽  
M.L. Diane ◽  
E.O. Kotova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Vascular Bed

The authors review approaches to the early prediction of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, e.g. using central arterial pressure, arterial stiffness, and a loss of arterial stiffness gradient. The bulk of data was presented either on diabetes mellitus in general or on type 2 diabetes mellitus, while there is a clear gap in information on type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study of the elastic properties of the vascular bed in these patients can become the basis for the early prevention of cardiovascular complications.

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