Nurses Between the Hammer and the Anvil: Analyzing the Role of the Workplace Prevention Climate in Reducing Internal and External Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-375
Author(s):  
Sara Viotti ◽  
Gloria Guidetti ◽  
Daniela Converso
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Violence Prevention Climate

The aim of this study was to test a model including relationships among internal and external violence, workplace violence-prevention climate, exhaustion, and intention to leave (ITL) in a sample of nurses. Data were collected by a self-report questionnaire involving nurses (n = 313) from two multispecialist hospitals in Italy. The survey was cross-sectional and nonrandomized. Path analyses showed the presence of the mediating role of internal violence between workplace prevention climate and exhaustion, as well as the mediating function of both types of violence between workplace prevention climate and ITL. Moreover, an indirect effect through exhaustion between internal violence and ITL was highlighted. These findings suggested that organizations that invest in preventive measures may reduce incidents of violence and, in turn, prevent negative consequences on worker well-being.

Explaining the Negative Consequences of Organizational Dehumanization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Lagios ◽  
Gaëtane Caesens ◽  
Nathan Nguyen ◽  
Florence Stinglhamber
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Need ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract. Organizational dehumanization (OD), defined as employees' perceptions of being treated as mere tools by their organization, has been shown to negatively affect employees and organizations. To explain such detrimental effects, scholars have argued that OD might thwart employees' fundamental psychological needs. Yet, evidence of this mechanism remains empirically nonexistent. Filling this gap, this research aims at investigating the mediating role of psychological need thwarting in the relationships between OD and employees' well-being and attitudes. Based on a cross-sectional study ( N = 340) and a two-wave study (3 months apart; N = 603), the results indicate that OD thwarts employees' psychological needs which are, in turn, negatively related to their well-being (psychological strains, absenteeism, and job satisfaction) and attitudes (turnover intentions and affective commitment).

The Role of Psychopathic Traits in Explaining Associations Between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Aggression

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Carlo Garofalo
Keyword(s):  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Proactive Aggression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Three Samples

The present study reports on a preregistered investigation of the potential mediating role of the triarchic psychopathy components Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition for associations between childhood traumatic experiences (CTE) and aggression. Three nonclinical samples (total N = 1,729; 1,176 women, 68.02%) completed self-report instruments of CTE, triarchic psychopathy traits, reactive and proactive aggression (Samples 1 and 2), and general aggression (Sample 3). Cross-sectional path analyses revealed that both Meanness and Disinhibition consistently mediated associations between CTE and aggression. These indirect effects were consistent across gender, even though the direct effect of Meanness on proactive aggression was stronger in men than in women (Samples 1 and 2). Finally, Boldness had weak negative associations with childhood traumatic experiences in all three samples, but no direct association with aggression. Taken together, these correlational findings suggest potential developmental mechanisms linking early traumatic experiences to adult aggression through elevated levels of psychopathic traits.

scholarly journals The mediating role of narcissism in the effects of regulatory mode on positivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Santo ◽  
Calogero Lo Destro ◽  
Conrad Baldner ◽  
Alessandra Talamo ◽  
Cristina Cabras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Regulatory Mode ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reported Data

AbstractPositivity (i.e., the individual tendency to positively approach life experiences) has proven to be an effective construct applied in positive psychology. However, individuals’ self-regulation may have contrasting effects on positivity. We specifically examined whether positivity could be partially explained through two aspects of motivation concerned with self-regulation: locomotion (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with movement) and assessment (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with comparison and evaluation). Furthermore, based on previous literature that found a link between these aspects and narcissism, we examined whether “adaptive” and “maladaptive” dimensions of narcissism could mediate the effects of locomotion and assessment on increased or decreased positivity. Narcissism was defined by previous research as adaptive or maladaptive insofar as it leads or does not lead to increased psychological well-being. We estimated a mediation model with multiple independent variables and multiple mediators in a cross-sectional study with self-reported data from 190 university students. We found that both locomotion and assessment were associated with adaptive narcissism, which in turn was positively associated with positivity. However, assessment was also associated with maladaptive narcissism, which in turn was negatively associated with positivity. Relationships between aspects of self-regulation, narcissism, and positivity can have significant implications which will be discussed.

scholarly journals Mediating Role of Moral Disengagement between Emotional Manipulation and Psychological Well-Being: Does Age Matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Syeda Rubab Aftab ◽  
Jamil Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Mediating Role

Background/Aims: When people hone their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating others. They use their emotional skills for coping with the demands of life. This study investigated the mediating role of moral disengagement between emotional manipulation and psychological well-being. Further, the moderating role of age is tested for the mediation model of the study. Methods: This study has a cross-sectional design. Participants included students from private and public institutions (n = 542; Mean age = 18.59 years, SD = 2.10 years; gender = 46% males). Responses were collected on emotional manipulation, moral disengagement, and psychological well-being questionnaires. Analyses were conducted using SPSS 21 and PROCESS 3.1. Results: The correlation analysis showed that both in late adolescents and young adults, moral disengagement negatively correlated with psychological well-being. However, the correlation is much stronger for young adults as compared to late adolescents. Similarly, emotional manipulation has a stronger positive correlation with moral disengagement in young adults compared to late adolescents. Results also showed that moral disengagement and emotional manipulation is higher in males than females, and psychological well-being is higher in females than males. Moral disengagement appeared to be a negative mediator for the relationship between emotional manipulation and psychological well-being. Further, age moderated the indirect effect of emotional manipulation on psychological well-being through moral disengagement. The moderation of age suggests that young adults are more inclined toward moral disengagement behaviors for manipulating emotions in comparison to late adolescents. Conclusions: It is concluded that use of emotional manipulation is associated with a direct increase in psychological well-being; however, indirect emotional manipulation decreases psychological well-being, with an increased use of moral disengagement. Moreover, this indirect effect is stronger in young adults compared to late adolescents, as young adults are more inclined toward moral disengagement.

Personality and boredom at work: the mediating role of job crafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-330
Author(s):  
Bogdan Oprea ◽  
Dragos Iliescu ◽  
Vlad Burtăverde ◽  
Miruna Dumitrache
Keyword(s):  
Job Crafting ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Boredom at work is associated with negative consequences, therefore it is important to investigate whether employees engage in job crafting behaviors that reduce boredom and what are the individual differences associated with these behaviors. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire study was designed to examine the mediating role of job crafting in the relationship between conscientiousness and emotional stability and boredom among 252 employees (Study 1) and in the relationship between Machiavellianism and psychopathy and boredom among 216 employees (Study 2). Findings The results showed that conscientiousness is negatively related to work-related boredom. This relationship is mediated by job crafting. Neuroticism and psychopathy are positively associated with boredom at work, but these relationships are not mediated by job crafting behaviors. Research limitations/implications The study was based on self-reported measures, which might raise questions of common-method bias, and the research samples contained mostly women and young employees, which raises questions about generalizability of our findings. At the same time, the cross-sectional design does not allow causal inferences. Practical implications Organizations can select employees based on their personality for jobs that predispose to boredom and give them enough autonomy to be able to craft them. Moreover, they can identify employees who need support to manage their boredom and include them in job crafting interventions. Originality/value Traditionally, boredom at work has been considered as resulting from characteristics of tasks and jobs. The findings indicate that some employees can make self-initiated changes to their work in order to reduce their boredom and possibly its negative consequences.

scholarly journals Association between Satisfaction with Life and Personality Types A and D in Young Women with Acne Vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8524
Author(s):  
Karolina Chilicka ◽  
Aleksandra M. Rogowska ◽  
Renata Szyguła ◽  
Ewa Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Type A ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Type D ◽  
The Relationship

People with acne vulgaris report a lower level of satisfaction with life and are more frequently classified as having Type D personalities than those without acne. This research examined, for the first time, the moderating and mediating role of personality type in the relationship between acne severity and satisfaction with life. Among 300 female nursing and cosmetology students ranging in age from 19 to 24 years (M = 21.28, SD = 1.39), 150 individuals (50%) presented with symptoms of acne vulgaris (AV group), while the other 150 (50%) were categorized as controls without acne vulgaris (WAV sample). A cross-sectional study was conducted using three self-report questionnaires: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Framingham Type A Scale (FTAS), and the Type D Scale (DS14). Acne vulgaris was clinically diagnosed using the Hellgren–Vincent Scale (HVS). The AV group scored significantly higher on the FTAS and DS14 and lower on the SWLS than the WAV sample. Life satisfaction correlated negatively with both the negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) subscales of the DS14. The moderating role of the Type A behavioral pattern (TABP) and the mediating role of both NA and SI subscales of the DS14 were observed in the relationship between acne severity and satisfaction with life. The type of personality may explain the mechanism of the relationship between acne disease and subjective well-being. Therefore, psychological interventions and strategies focused on managing stress and mood may effectively improve satisfaction with life in people with acne.

scholarly journals Social connectedness and job satisfaction in Mexican teleworkers during the pandemic: the mediating role of affective well-being

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Cernas-Ortiz Cernas-Ortiz ◽  
Lau Wai-Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social connectedness outside of work and job satisfaction in Mexican teleworkers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method was correlational, non-experimental, and cross-sectional. Employing an online, self-administered survey, the data were collected in a non-probabilistic sample of 214 individuals. The results suggest that the relationship between social connectedness outside of work and job satisfaction is positive and mediated by positive affective well-being. The mediating effect of positive affective well-being is not moderated by optimistic attributional style. Social connectedness outside of work is important to keep job satisfaction high. Therefore, organizations should facilitate a frequent interaction of their teleworkers with others outside the work domain.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relationship between Loneliness and Depression in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Ines Luttenbacher ◽  
Jamie S. Breukel ◽  
Maheen M. Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: While mitigation procedures are needed to prevent the continuous spread of COVID-19, they may, in turn, negatively impact individuals’ mental health. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationships between loneliness, rumination, and depression, as well as the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between loneliness and depression in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was circulated, collecting a final sample of 288 university students (Mage = 22.01, SD = 3.45, range = 18–55, 75.7% female). Study variables were measured utilizing self-report questionnaires. Results: In line with the hypotheses, rumination partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and depression. Discussion: Therefore, ruminative thoughts may be one of the key factors contributing to lonely university students’ susceptibility to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals A szégyen mediációs szerepe a stigma és az életminőség kapcsolatában coeliakiában szenvedő betegek körében.

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (49) ◽  
pp. 1968-1976
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A coeliakia és a kapcsolódó terhek befolyásolják az érintettek életminőségét. A krónikus betegségekkel járó stigmatizáció hozzájárul a fizikai tünetek és a lelki panaszok fokozódásához, valamint az egészségmagatartás csökkenéséhez. Mindez szükségessé teszi a krónikus megbetegedések kapcsán a stigmatizáció felismerését, felmérését és kezelését. Célkitűzések: Fő célunk a 8 tételes Stigmatizáció Krónikus Betegségekben Kérdőív (SSCI-8) magyar adaptációja és pszichometriai vizsgálata volt coeliakiások körében. További célunk volt megvizsgálni a szégyen közvetítő szerepét a stigmatizáció és a jóllét között. Módszerek: A kutatás önbeszámolós, online kérdőíves, keresztmetszeti vizsgálatként zajlott (n = 85, átlagéletkor: 37,64, 91,8% nő). Az SSCI-8 mellett felvételre kerültek a szégyenélményt, a coeliakiás életminőséget, a jóllétet mérő kérdőívek. A kutatási célok tesztelése megerősítő faktorelemzéssel, korrelációs és mediációs elemzésekkel történt. Eredmények: Az SSCI-8 faktorelemzése során az egydimenziós modell megfelelő illeszkedést mutatott magas belső konzisztenciaértékek mellett. A mediációs modellek szerint a magasabb stigmatizáció a magasabb szégyenélményen keresztül járulhat hozzá a pszichés jóllét (coeliakiás életminőség, jóllét) csökkenéséhez. Megbeszélés: Az SSCI-8 rövid, átfogó kérdőívként megbízhatóan és érvényesen mérte a krónikus betegségben tapasztalt stigmatizációt a jelen coeliakiás mintán. Eredményeink alátámasztják, hogy a stigmatizáció és a szégyen fontos szerepet tölt be a jóllét csökkenésében. Következtetés: A nemzetközileg széles körben alkalmazott SSCI-8 adaptálására került sor, mely hazai kutatásokban és az egészségügyi ellátásban is hasznos mérőeszköz lehet. Az eredmények rávilágítanak, hogy a stigmatizáció és a szégyenélmény további kutatása szükséges, különösen a hatékony pszichoszociális intervenciók kifejlesztését megcélozva. Hatékony pszichológiai segítség révén a szégyen és a stigmatizáltság mérséklésével javulhat a coeliakiával élők fizikai és lelki állapota, ami a gluténmentes diéta betartása révén hozzájárulhat a betegség okozta tünetek és szövődmények mérsékléséhez. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1968–1976. Summary. Introduction: Coeliac disease can detrimentally affect well-being. Stigmatization related to a chronic disease can enhance physical and psychological symptoms and negatively influence health behaviour, hence, stigma in chronic diseases needs to be addressed. Objectives: Our main goal was to psychometrically evaluate the Hungarian adaptation of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness-8 (SSCI-8). Further aim was to examine the mediating role of shame on the relationship between stigmatization and well-being aspects among individuals with coeliac disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data using online questionnaires based on self-reports (n = 85, mean age: 37.64 years, 91.8% women). Instruments assessed levels of stigmatization, shame experience, quality of life in coeliac disease and well-being. Confirmatory factor, correlation and mediation analyses were used. Results: Factor analysis showed adequate fit for a unidimensional model with high internal consistency. Mediation models showed that higher levels of stigmatization can contribute to decreased levels of quality of life in coeliac disease and well-being via increased levels of shame. Discussion: The SSCI-8 is a short, valid, reliable instrument measuring stigmatization in the current sample of people with coeliac disease. The results highlight the role of stigma and shame in the decrease of well-being. Conclusion: The adapted version of the SSCI-8 can be a useful tool in Hungarian research and healthcare. The results suggest that stigmatization and shame need further attention to develop effective intervention which can reduce their effect and enhance adherence to gluten-free diet and improve physical and psychological well-being. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1968–1976.

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