Interoceptive Exposure Exercises for Evoking Depersonalization and Derealization: A Pilot Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lickel ◽  
Elizabeth Nelson ◽  
Athena Hayes Lickel ◽  
Brett Deacon
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
High Anxiety ◽  
Interoceptive Exposure ◽  
Strobe Light ◽  
Cognitive Therapies

This study examined the potential of 11 interoceptive exposure exercises to produce depersonalization and derealization among high anxiety-sensitive undergraduate students. Inspired by a February 2007 thread on the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies listserv, we identified nine exercises and compared their capacity to produce depersonalization and derealization with two previously validated tasks: mirror and dot staring. Results indicated that five exercises, including hyperventilation (1 minute), hyperventilation (5 minutes), hyperventilation plus spiral staring, hyperventilation plus strobe light, and strobe light alone, were superior to either mirror or dot staring at inducing depersonalization or derealization. If replicated in a clinical sample, our findings may be used to assist clinicians seeking to evoke these states via interoceptive exposure.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form in Chinese undergraduate students and clinical patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panwen Zhang ◽  
Zirong Ouyang ◽  
Shulin Fang ◽  
Jiayue He ◽  
Lejia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item measuring tool evaluating maladaptive personality traits for the diagnosis of personality disorders(PDs). As a promising scale, its impressive psychometric properties have been verified in some countries, however, there have no studies about the utility of PID-5-BF in Chinese settings. The current study aimed to explore the maladaptive personality factor model which was culturally adapted in China and examine psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form among Chinese undergraduate students and clinical patients.Methods: 7155 undergraduate students and 451 clinical patients completed the Chinese version of PID-5-BF. 228 students were chosen randomly for test-retest reliability at a 4-week interval. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to discover the most suitable construct in Chinese, measurement invariance(MI), internal consistency, and external validity were also calculated.Results: An exploratory six-factor model was supported more suitable in both samples(Undergraduate sample: CFI = 0.905, TLI = 0.888, RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.039; Clinical sample: CFI = 0.904, TLI = 0.886, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.060), adding a new factor“Interpersonal Relationships”. Measurement invariance across non-clinical and clinical sample was established (configural, weak, strong MI, and partial strict MI). Aside from acceptable internal consistency (Undergraduate sample: alpha=0.84, MIC=0.21; Clinical sample: alpha=0.86, MIC=0.19) and test-retest reliability(0.73), the association with 220-item PID-5 was significant(r = 0.93, p < 0.01), and six PDs measured by Personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) were correlated with expected domains of PID-5-BF.Conclusions: The PID-5-BF is a convenient and useful screening tool for personality disorders with a novel six-factor model in Chinese settings, with the main difference for the Negative Affect domain.

An Assessment of Proximity of Fitness Facilities and Equipment and Actual Perceived Usage by Undergraduate University Students: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Allen ◽  
Craig M. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Division I ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

This pilot study examined the relationship between proximity of fitness facilities and equipment and actual perceived usage by undergraduate students at a Division I university, while acknowledging the role that Social Cognitive Theory plays in fitness. As a pilot study, the primary purpose was to gauge whether the study design and instruments used were appropriate for the overall purpose. Intensity of exercise, frequency of exercise, length of physical activity sessions, as well as a variety of other constructs were analyzed through correlational analysis to determine significance. The Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and the Perceived Environments Related to Physical Activity Questionnaire were modified for data collection. Findings of the pilot study revealed no significance in the proximity of fitness facilities and the amount of physical activity participation. However, the frequency of physical activity was significantly related to the availability of fitness equipment in an individual's home. Data collected from this study will be used to conduct further research on wider populations to investigate the proximity of fitness facilities and it's correlation with physical activity.

Competition and Collaboration in Translation Education

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Tarek Shamma
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Group Work ◽  
University Student ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
United Arab Emirates University ◽  
Translator Education

This chapter discusses the results of a pilot study that explored the use of contests in translation pedagogy, proposing methods for designing classroom and extracurricular contests. Three translation contests (two in-class and one extracurricular) were conducted for undergraduate students at United Arab Emirates University. Student questionnaires were used to examine the potential role of contests in translator education and, in particular, the positive and negative effects of competition on students' motivation. The use of group work was also examined as a method of minimizing the potential negative effects of competition, as described in the literature. The study indicates that contests can be useful in stimulating student motivation, especially on the basic levels of education. On the other hand, it is suggested that, while group work is seen as effective and desirable by most students, there are caveats to be considered when planning and implementing this type of activity.

Student Engagement and Assessment Modes: A Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Anil Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Research Writing ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Communicative Effect ◽  
Technological University ◽  
And Training

<p>The aim of this project is to attempt a factorial analysis of the congruence amongst three layers of assessments of Oral Presentation: Expert, Self, and Peer. Participants included graduate and undergraduate students of Asian background studying Research Writing at a technological university. The research instrument consisted of a set of assessment checklists with weighted and specified criteria for Expert, Self and Peer assessment of research presentations. Broader criteria were based on the following four factors: Use of spoken media, Use of visuals, Interrelationships, and Communicative Effect. Participants received training and were involved in a practice session on self and peer assessment before engaging in the assessment tasks. While the pilot study is unable to conclusively establish congruence among the modes of assessment, it is expected that results from a wider database would indicate the nature of well-defined assessment criteria and the ways they can be effectively communicated to assessors. The present study suggests that the differences in ratings given by peers and experts are not due to a lack of capability on the part of students, but due to lack of orientation and training. It is necessary to evolve criteria that are well-documented to enable students to evaluate their own performance as well as the performance of their peers as effectively as done by experts.</p>

Teaching oral surgery to undergraduate students: a pilot study using a Web-based practical course

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Corrêa ◽  
Antonio Carlos De Campos ◽  
Suzana C. O. M. Souza ◽  
Moacyr Domingos Novelli
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Web Based

scholarly journals A pilot study of the Portuguese version of the Voices Acceptance and Action Scale: Psychometric properties in a clinical sample with psychosis-spectrum disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Maria João Martins ◽  
Paula Castilho ◽  
António Macedo ◽  
Ana Telma Pereira ◽  
Paula Vagos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Tendo em conta o interesse recente nas intervenções baseadas na aceitação para a psicose, tem sido recomendado que os mecanismos de coping com as vozes, nomeadamente a aceitação experiencial, sejam avaliados no contexto clínico e de investigação. A Escala de Aceitação e Ação em relação às Vozes (VAAS-12) é um instrumento de autorresposta especificamente desenvolvido para avaliar as crenças baseadas na aceitação ou na ação em relação às alucinações auditivo-verbais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo a tradução, adaptação e estudo das propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da VAAS-12 numa amostra clínica dentro do espectro das perturbações psicóticas. A VAAS-12 foi traduzida e adaptada para Português. As suas propriedades psicométricas foram posteriormente estudadas numa amostra de cinquenta e quatro participantes do sexo masculino, maioritariamente solteiros, desempregados e com uma experiência de ouvir vozes na última semana. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias para as estruturas de um e dois fatores sugeridas em estudos prévios, sendo que ambas apresentaram índices de ajustamento inaceitáveis. A análise fatorial exploratória realizada posteriormente revelou uma estrutura alternativa de dois fatores (“Não interferência e ação” e “Aceitação e Funcionamento”) que obteve ajustamento adequado. Foi encontrada adequada consistência interna e validade de constructo, tendo sido encontradas associações negativas com a perceção das vozes como hostis-dominantes e resistência em relação às vozes. A VAAS-12 parece ser adequada para uso em contexto clínico e de investigação, embora mais estudos sejam necessários particularmente no que diz respeito à subescala “Aceitação e Funcionamento”.

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