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Nanotechnology studies the various phenomena of physio-chemical procedures and biological properties for the generation of nanosized particles, and their rising challenges in the various sectors,
like medicine, engineering, agriculture, electronic, and environmental studies. The nanosized particles
exhibit good anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, drug delivery, anti-parasitic, anti-coagulant
and catalytic properties because of their unique dimensions with large surface area, chemical stability
and higher binding density for the accumulation of various bio-constituents on their surfaces. Biological
approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reviewed because it is an easy
and single-step protocol and a viable substitute for the synthetic chemical-based procedures. Physical
and chemical approaches for the production of AgNPs are also mentioned herein. Biological synthesis
has drawn attention because it is cost-effective, faster, non-pathogenic, environment-friendly, easy to
scale-up for large-scale synthesis, and having no demand for usage of high pressure, energy, temperature, or noxious chemical ingredients, and safe for human therapeutic use. Therefore, the collaboration
of nanomaterials with bio-green approaches could extend the utilization of biological and cytological
properties compatible with AgNPs. In this perspective, there is an immediate need to develop ecofriendly and biocompatible techniques, which strengthen efficacy against microbes and minimize toxicity for human cells. The present study introduces the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and
their potential biomedical applications have also been reviewed.
Biological, physical and chemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their non-toxic bio-chemical application: A brief review
