scholarly journals Factores ecoambientales relacionados con potenciales reservorios de Leptospira spp. en la Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
Yanina Berra ◽  
Gastón Arocena ◽  
Carolina Artuso ◽  
Jessica Petrakovsky ◽  
Marcela Orozco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Oligoryzomys Flavescens ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris

Las modificaciones ambientales generan entornos de interfaz en los que la transmisión de Leptospira spp. puede verse afectada. Con el objetivo de identificar y analizar variables ecoambientales asociadas a potenciales reservorios de Leptospira spp. en la Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur (RECS) (Buenos Aires, Argentina) y áreas urbanizadas contiguas, se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia en líneas transectas, estratificado y proporcionado. Fueron capturados 170 mamíferos de 11 especies y se analizó la presencia de Leptospira spp. por serología, cultivo y PCR. En áreas conservadas, se registraron mayormente Didelphis albiventris y Deltamys kempi, mientras que el Oligoryzomys flavescens también fue hallado en áreas degradadas, y la Rattus norvegicus solo fue encontrada en áreas degradadas. No se detectó Leptospira spp. en los mamíferos silvestres. Un perro sin tenedor responsable resultó positivo por ser0ología. Las condiciones ambientales de la RECS sugieren un ecosistema poco propicio para Rattus, evidenciando la importancia de la conservación de áreas naturales en entornos urbanos.

Small-mammal assemblages in piggeries in a developing country: relationships with management practices and habitat complexity

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Daniela Paula Montes de Oca ◽  
Martín Neyen Lammel ◽  
Regino Cavia
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Mammal Assemblages ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris

Abstract ContextPig production is increasing in developing countries and is increasing the coexistence of different production systems regarding management practices. Small mammals can cause major economic and sanitary problems on pig farms. The interactions among small mammals, production practices and habitat complexity have been sparsely studied. AimsThe aim was to compare small-mammal assemblages on extensive and intensive pig-production systems, and to analyse the relationship with environmental characteristics and management practices. MethodsSeasonal live-trapping of small mammals within 18 farms (under intensive or extensive management) was performed in central Argentina, simultaneously with a survey of environmental and management practices. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the relation between infestation levels and environmental characteristics. Key results In total, 472 small mammals were captured, including the exotic murids Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus and Mus musculus, three native sigmodontines, namely, Akodon azarae, Oligoryzomys flavescens and Oxymycterus rufus, and two native marsupials, namely, Didelphis albiventris and Lutreolina crassicaudata. The location of waste deposits, the density of cats, the frequency of rodent control and the way pig food was stored influenced wild small-mammal abundance; exotic rodent species were lower when the density of cats increased. Rattus norvegicus was more abundant where rodent control was not frequent or null, contrary to M. musculus. Both species were more abundant in food and pig sheds, whereas native species were associated with vegetated areas outside of sheds. Also, A. azarae was associated with the density of pigs. Didelphis albiventris was more abundant on extensive farms, whereas L. crassicaudata was captured on intensive farms. Conclusions Small-mammal abundance did not respond to the type of production system per se, but exotic species abundance was influenced by management decisions. The most important human behaviours related to exotic rodent infestation were the possession of cats, the frequency of rodent control and the way waste and pig feed were managed. Implications Our findings highlighted the need for integrated studies on factors influencing the dynamics of rodent populations in commercial piggery systems, for the development of effective pest management. Management recommendations need to assess environmental complexity and human behaviour as important moderators of the population dynamics of small mammal species in and around piggeries.

scholarly journals Genotypes of Leptospira spp. strains isolated from dogs in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Grune Loffler ◽  
Diego Passaro ◽  
Luis Samartino ◽  
Analía Soncini ◽  
Graciela Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Leptospira Spp

scholarly journals Detection of Leptospira spp. using polymerase chain reaction technique from kidney of Rattus norvegicus from Grenada, West Indies

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Bhumika Sharma ◽  
Katelyn Thille ◽  
Nia Rametta ◽  
Ravindra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim: This study aimed to find out the prevalence of active infection of Leptospira spp. in Rattus norvegicus from Grenada, West Indies, through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-nine rats were trapped, anesthetized and their kidneys collected aseptically. DNA was extracted from the kidney tissue of each rat. PCR was performed targeting LipL32 gene. Eighteen PCR-positive amplicons for LipL32 gene segment were purified and sent for direct sequencing to the sequencing facility of MCLAB (South San Francisco, USA). Results of sequencing were read and interpreted. The prevalence of Leptospira spp. in relation to sex and age was also recorded. Results: All amplified sequences were compared to the sequences present in GenBank using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) from the online website National Center for Biotechnology Information, the results revealed that six samples had similarity to Leptospira interrogans strain 1399/2016 and eight samples had similarity with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis strain L49. Of 149 kidney samples, only 14 were positive for Leptospira spp. by PCR giving an incidence of 9.3%. There was no significant difference found in relation to sex and age. Conclusion: This is the first report confirming active infection of Leptospira spp. in Rattus norvegicus in Grenada using PCR. The presence of active infection in rats can be considered as high risk for humans. Further research to understand the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Grenada is suggested.

scholarly journals CONNECTIVITY AMONG NORWAY RAT SUBPOPULATIONS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) AT POULTRY FARMS IN EXALTACIÓN DE LA CRUZ, BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-367
Author(s):  
Isabel E. Gómez Villafañe ◽  
Noelia Guzmán ◽  
Natalia Ortiz ◽  
Raúl E. González-Ittig ◽  
Vanina. A. León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Norway Rat ◽  
Poultry Farms

scholarly journals Assessment of the risks of rats (Rattus norvegicus) and opossums (Didelphis albiventris) in different poultry-rearing areas in Argentina

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel E. Gómez Villafañe ◽  
Fernando Miñarro ◽  
Mabel Ribicich ◽  
Carlos A. Rossetti ◽  
Daniel Rossotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris

scholarly journals Papel de los roedores en la transmisión de Leptospira spp. en granjas porcinas

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Ospina-Pinto ◽  
Manuel Rincon-Pardo ◽  
Diego Soler-Tovar ◽  
Patricia Hernández-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Leptospira Spp

Diferentes especies de roedores son potenciales transmisores de múltiples agentes zoonóticos como Leptospira spp., espiroqueta causante de la Leptospirosis, que es una enfermedad infecciosa que tiene un impacto negativo en la porcicultura debido a que genera grandes pérdidas productivas, reproductivas y económicas.En las granjas porcinas, las especies de roedores más comunes son el ratón doméstico (Mus musculus), la rata parda (Rattus norvegicus) y la rata negra (Rattus rattus), que actúan como huéspedes de mantenimiento de diferentes serovares de Leptospira spp., contaminando con orina el ambiente, los alimentos y el agua, poniendo en riesgo la salud humana y animal.Por esta razón, el objetivo de este artículo es describir el papel de los roedores en la transmisión de Leptospira en granjas porcinas. Para esto, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos como Science Direct, Scopus, Redalyc, PubMed y SciELO. Los resultados de la revisión de literatura, demuestran que son escasos los estudios que reportan la importancia de los roedores en la transmisión de Leptospira en granjas porcinas. La presentación de la enfermedad depende en gran parte de la presencia, el contacto y el control de roedores en las granjas, aunque también se deben tener en cuenta factores ambientales, de supervivencia del agente y las medidas de higiene, entre otros.   

scholarly journals Prevalence of Leptospira spp. and Seoul hantavirus in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in four regions in the Netherlands, 2011-2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1490135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Maas ◽  
Ankje De Vries ◽  
Chantal Reusken ◽  
Jan Buijs ◽  
Marga Goris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leptospira Spp

scholarly journals Pequenos mamíferos não-voadores (Didelphimorphia, Rodentia) em dois fragmentos de mata de restinga de Rio Grande, planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Marques Quintela ◽  
Maurício Beux Santos ◽  
Alexandre Uarth Christoff ◽  
Adriana Gava
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Oligoryzomys Flavescens ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris ◽  
Lutreolina Crassicaudata

As matas de restinga representam formações vegetais originais na Planície Costeira do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição de espécies de pequenos mamíferos não-voadores em dois fragmentos de matas de restinga (mata palustre e mata arenosa ciliar) no município de Rio Grande, região sul da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul. Um total de 234 indivíduos pertencentes a três espécies de marsupiais (Didelphidae: Cryptonanus guahybae, Didelphis albiventris, Lutreolina crassicaudata) e oito espécies de roedores (Cricetidae: Deltamys kempi, Holochilus brasiliensis, Oligoryzomys flavescens, O. nigripes, Oxymycterus nasutus, Scapteromys tumidus; Muridae: Mus musculus, Rattus rattus) foi capturado. As espécies C. guahybae, D. albiventris, D. kempi, H. brasiliensis, O. nigripes, S. tumidus e M. musculus foram registradas no fragmento de mata palustre, enquanto que C. guahybae, D. albiventris, Lutreolina crassicaudata, D. kempi, O. flavescens, O. nigripes, S. tumidus e R. rattus ocorreram no fragmento de mata arenosa ciliar. Oligoryzomys nigripes e S. tumidus foram as espécies mais abundantes no fragmento de mata palustre, representando respectivamente 40,4 e 22,1% do total de indivíduos capturados. No fragmento de mata arenosa ciliar, as espécies mais abundantes foram O. nigripes e D. albiventris, representando respectivamente 63,4 e 12,4% do total de indivíduos capturados. Indivíduos de C. guahybae e O. nigripes foram capturados em estrato arbóreo (alturas entre 0,50 e 1,65 m) enquanto que todos os indivíduos das demais espécies foram capturados no solo.

scholarly journals Detection of serum antibodies against Leptospira spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Nath Sharma ◽  
Katelyn Thille ◽  
Brianna Piechowski ◽  
Keshaw Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
High Risk Factor ◽  
Collection Sites

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis is an emerging disease of animals and humans. Among rodents brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are an important reservoir of bacteria Leptospira. There is a paucity of information on reservoirs of Leptospira in Grenada. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in brown rats in a densely human populated area of Grenada. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from 169 brown rats were collected and sera screened for antibodies against Leptospira spp. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among a total of 169 brown rats trapped in two parishes in Grenada, 77/169 (45.5%) were positive for Leptospira spp. antibodies. A significant difference in seropositive population of brown rats between two collection sites was observed. No differences were found between sex and age of seropositive rats. Conclusion: Due to the close contact of brown rats with humans in Grenada, rats should be considered a high-risk factor in transmission of Leptospira to humans. Appropriate preventive measures should be instituted to prevent the transmission of Leptospira infection to humans.

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