scholarly journals Geometry of the form and designs of Ilkhani tombs' tower of Azerbaijan (Case study: Qarabagh Bardaeh tomb' tower)

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-272
Author(s):  
Behrouz Tavakkoli ◽  
Raana Cinmarasl
Keyword(s):  
Field Analysis ◽  
Spatial Period ◽  
Islamic Architecture ◽  
Geometric Patterns ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Funerary Architecture ◽  
Persistent Pattern ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

The seventh and eighth centuries of the Hijri calender were the era when Azerbaijan's architecture flourished. During this period, a special style of funerary architecture was developed in the form of a tower-shaped tomb, the scope of its effects extending from Azerbaijan and reaching Khorasan and Turkestan in the east, and Asia Minor and Mamluk Egypt. Considering the centrality of Azerbaijan during the period of the Ilkhanite of this region, the architectural styles flourished in this temporal and spatial period, which later became known as Azeri-style architecture. Parallel to other religious monuments, the tower-shaped tombs found a privileged position in Islamic architecture. Its best examples are the mausoleum tower of Bardaeh in Qarabagh, Sheikh Safi, and Sheikh Heydar, Soltanieh, Ghaffarieh and Qara Baghlar. The purpose of the present study is to recognize the architectural and decorative structure, and to analyze the geometric patterns used in the Azerbaijan tombs, with emphasis on the Qarabagh Bardaeh tomb tower, as a persistent pattern. In order to achieve these goals, the tombs were studied with an interpretive and qualitative strategy, through historical and library studies and field analysis. The designs and decorations were documented, recognized and analyzed.

scholarly journals PARAMETRIC APPROACH FOR GENERATING NEW MUQARNAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Ibrahim ElSayed Maarouf ◽  
Sherif Usama Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Islamic Architecture ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Geometric Patterns ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Design Software

In recent decades, the search for new geometrical innovations has been of great interest for contemporary architects artists, trying to escape the repetitive use of historical ornamental details of architectural styles orders or the absence of such ornaments in the modern style.  This paper aims to lay down the basis for generating new muqarnas elements based on the cosmological nature of Islamic Architecture, but still preserving its concepts. The muqarnas was chosen because it is one of most original inventions of Islamic architecture and one of its most effective and widespread applications. Innovation in its design requires freedom of expression that can be limited by design software. Furthermore, the process of testing ideas can be tedious and time-consuming. Parametric and generative design, using Grasshopper, is used to reformulate the muqarnas generation process using visual programming. Parametric design and hypothetical geometric patterns in a linear or polar arraying direction produce a clearly defined muqarnas.

Cloud Service for Seismic Influence Field Analysis Based on GeoKSCloud: A Case Study in Fujian Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Jianwei WU ◽  
Chongcheng CHEN ◽  
Xiaozhu WU ◽  
Jianfeng LIN ◽  
Zhao HUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Service ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Fujian Province

The Spatial-Temporal Change Pattern of Wetland in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River: A Case Study of Wuhu, Anhui

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 3228-3232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Tao ◽  
Yong Ping Bai
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Remote Sensing Image ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Change Pattern ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Urban Sprawling

Wetlands play a number of roles in the environment, which are also considered the most biologically diverse of all ecosystems. Utilizing RS and the GIS software, remote datum were matched and classified. By these transactions, the temporal and spatial changes of wetland landscape are explored in Wuhu, combining qualitative analysis and quantitative methods. This paper analyzed the time-spatial revolution process which indicated that, firstly the area of wetland reduced rapidly from remote sensing image in 1988, 2001 and 2005, secondly the exterior of urban changed acutely and the interior were protected well in view of spatial pattern. Moreover, driving force factors were pointed out. Human activities, especially urbanization were the main causes of wetlands degradation. Simultaneity, the development of farming, the construction of infrastructure and nature were important factors. Owing to rapid economic development and urban sprawling, wetlands are encountering threaten to be converting to other land uses. Thus, the paper provides policy advices for wetland conservation and urban planning toward sustainable development.

scholarly journals Stratosphere-troposphere exchange from the Lagrangian perspective: a case study and method sensitivities

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3249-3284 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Bourqui
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Baroclinic Wave ◽  
End Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Residence Time Distributions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. An important part of extra-tropical stratosphere-to-troposphere transport occurs in association with baroclinic wave breaking and cut-off decay at the tropopause. In the last decade many studies have attempted to estimate stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) in such synoptic events with various methods, and more recently efforts have been put on inter-comparing these methods. However, large uncertainties remain on the sensitivities to methods intrinsic parameters, and on the best measure for STE with regard to end effects on chemistry. The goal of the present study is to address these two fundamental issues in the context of the application of a trajectory-based Lagrangian method, which has been applied in the past to climatological studies and has also been involved in inter-comparison studies, to a typical baroclinic wave breaking event. The analysis sheds light on (i) the fine mesoscale temporal and spatial structures that are associated with episodic, rapid inflows of stratospheric air into the troposphere; (ii) the spatial resolution of 1°×1° required to reasonably capture STE fluxes in such a wave breaking event; (iii) the effective removal of spurious exchange events using a threshold residence time; (iv) the relevance of residence time distributions for capturing the effective chemical forcing of STE; (v) the large differences in the temporal evolution and geographical distribution of STE fluxes across the 2 and the 4 potential vorticity unit iso-surface definitions of the tropopause.

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