scholarly journals Piecewise Hazard Modeling for Under-Five Child Mortality

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Saroj RK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Hazard Modeling

scholarly journals Association between household air pollution and child mortality in Myanmar using a multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression with robust variance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwel Rana ◽  
Rakibul M. Islam ◽  
Md Nuruzzaman Khan ◽  
Razia Aliani ◽  
Youssef Oulhote
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
P Value ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Clean Cookstoves

AbstractHousehold air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use (SFU) for cooking is a major public health threat for women and children in low and middle-income countries. This study investigated the associations between HAP and neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality in Myanmar. The study consisted of 3249 sample of under-five children in the households from the first Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Fuel types and levels of exposure to SFU (no, moderate and high) were proxies for HAP. We estimated covariate-adjusted relative risks (aRR) of neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality with 95% confidence intervals, accounting for the survey design. The prevalence of SFU was 79.0%. The neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality rates were 26, 45, and 49 per 1000 live births, respectively. The risks of infant (aRR 2.02; 95% CI 1.01–4.05; p-value = 0.048) and under-five mortality (aRR 2.16; 95% CI 1.07–4.36; p-value = 0.031), but not neonatal mortality, were higher among children from households with SFU compared to children from households using clean fuel. Likewise, children highly exposed to HAP had higher risks of mortality than unexposed children. HAP increases the risks of infant and under-five child mortality in Myanmar, which could be reduced by increasing access to clean cookstoves and fuels.

scholarly journals Association Between Household Air Pollution and Infant and Child Mortality in Myanmar: Evidence From The First Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwel Rana ◽  
Md Nuruzzaman Khan ◽  
Rakibul M Islam ◽  
Razia Aliani ◽  
Youssef Oulhote
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Abstract Background: Household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use (SFU) for cooking has been considered a public health threat, particularly for women and children in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), with limited evidence. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of HAP on neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality in Myanmar. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed data from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS), the first nationally representative survey conducted in 2016. Data were collected from MDHS based on stratified two-stage cluster sampling design applied in urban and rural areas. The sample consists of 3249 under-five children in the household with a 98% response rate. Exposure measures were HAP (coal and biomass) and level of exposure to HAP (no exposure, moderate and high exposure). The main outcomes were neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality reported by mothers presented in rates and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals, accounting for survey weight and cluster variation. Results: The prevalence of SFU was 79.0%. The neonatal, infant and under-five child mortality rates were 26, 45, and 49 per 1,000 live births, respectively. The risks of infant (aRR 2.02; 95% CI: 1.01-4.05) and under-five mortality (aRR 2.16; 95% CI: 1.07-4.36) mortality were higher among children from households with SFU compared to children from households using clean fuel. When applying an augmented measure of exposure to HAP by incorporating SFU and the kitchen's location, the likelihoods of infant and under-five mortality were even higher among moderate and highly exposed children than unexposed children with similar trends. Neonatal mortality was not associated with either HAP exposure or levels of exposure to HAP.Conclusion: Infants and under-five children are at higher risk of mortality from exposure to HAP. Increasing access to cookstoves and clean fuels is imperative to reduce the risk of infant and under-five child mortality in LMICs, including Myanmar.

scholarly journals High prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist communities of Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽  
Aele Mamo ◽  
Biruk Abate ◽  
Ayelign Kassie ◽  
Seteamlak Masresha
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
The Government

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and association of child mortality in the pastoralist regions of Ethiopia. The study is a further analysis from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. Results: The prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist’s regions was 23.2%, 95%CI (21.4%, 24.6%). The prevalence of mortality among daughters was 15.4%, 95%CI (14.2, 16.6%), and sons 16.8%, 95%CI (15.6, 18.1%).In logistic regression, wealth index, head of household, Khat chewing, type of child birth, husband education, and child age in months were associated with under-five mortality irrespective of the deceased children’s gender. The prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist regions of Ethiopia was high, which was far highest in relative to the national under-five mortality prevalence. In assessing the effect of variables on under-five child mortality by gender, almost all the variables that have an effect on female or male child are similar. The government should emphasize on the pastoralists’ regions to decrease the high prevalence of under-five child mortality.

MODELLING THE DETERMINANTS OF UNDER-FIVE CHILD MORTALITY RATES USING COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS REGRESSION MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
M. C. Musa ◽  
O. E. Asiribo ◽  
H. G. Dikko ◽  
M. Usman ◽  
S. S. Sani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression

An under-five childhood mortality rates in Nigeria is still high, despite efforts of government at all levels to combat the menace. This study examined some factors that significantly affect under-five child mortality. A sample of mothers with children under the age of five from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data (NDHS, 2013 & 2018) was used to assess the effect of some selected predictor variables (or covariates) on childhood survival. Cox proportional hazards model is essentially a regression model popularly used for investigating the association between the survival time and one or more predictor variables. The results from final fitted Cox proportional hazards regression model that the covariates, contraceptive used by the mother, state of residence, birth weight of child and type of toilet facility used by the h-ousehold were found to be significantly associated with under-five survival in the North Central Region of Nigeria. All the calculations are performed using the R software for statistical analysis.

Survival parametric models to estimate the factors of under-five child mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
RakeshKumar Saroj ◽  
KH. H. V. S. S. Narasimha Murthy ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Rajneesh Singh ◽  
Avadhesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in High Mortality Regions of Ethiopia: An Analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Gebretsadik ◽  
Emmanuel Gabreyohannes
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Low Probability

The study was a secondary analysis of existing data from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data. Of the 2097 live births recorded in Affar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambela regions of Ethiopia between 2006 and 2011, 366 deaths before the age of five years were reported. The univariable and multivariable Cox proportional regression models were fitted to select the factors affecting under-five mortality in these regions. The model revealed that under-five mortality significantly associated with preceding birth interval, family size, birth type, breastfeeding status, source of drinking water, and income of mother. Children born after a preceding birth interval of 2-3 years and 3 years and above were significantly less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those born within two years. Children who were breastfed, for any period, were 25.5% (HR 1.255, 1.005–1.567, p = 0.045) less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those who were not breastfed. Increased birth interval time corresponds to a low probability of child mortality. Thus, mothers should be encouraged to wait for a sufficient number of months after a birth to conceive another child. Furthermore, breastfeeding was of paramount importance in the fight against child mortality.

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