scholarly journals How Conflicts Affect Land Expansion by Smallholder Farmers: Evidence from Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesoji Adelaja ◽  
Justin George ◽  
Thomas Jayne ◽  
Milu Muyanga ◽  
Titus Awokuse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Utility Maximisation ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
Sub Saharan

The expansion of smallholder farms into larger farm sizes is a key strategy for growing agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. This strategy could simultaneously expand farm incomes while addressing poverty since the majority of farms in sub-Saharan Africa are smallholder farms. There is limited existing research on the possible role of conflicts in stymying the ability of smallholder farmers to transition into larger-scale farming and on the impacts of conflicts in areas that are not directly within active conflict zones. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of conflict on the ability of smallholder farmers to transition to larger scales in two regions that are not in a traditional conflict zone, by developing a household utility maximisation model to explain choices made by farm households in response to conflict.

Role of Local Knowledge in Mixed Livestock Production Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Komwihangilo ◽  
Faustin P. Lekule ◽  
George C. Kajembe ◽  
Poul H. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production

Local knowledge is an important asset for smallholder farmers who operate differently in diverse crop and livestock production systems in the tropics. Various methods are needed for its acquisition, analysis, storage and communication. While local knowledge of livestock feeds and other resources is abundant, amalgamation of the positive aspects of this knowledge system with that emanating from contemporary scientific approaches is critical yet limited. The merger is desirable so as to achieve improved productivity and sustainability of mixed livestock production systems in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Citron Watermelon Potential to Improve Crop Diversification and Reduce Negative Impacts of Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takudzwa Mandizvo ◽  
Alfred Oduor Odindo ◽  
Jacob Mashilo
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Drought Adaptation ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sub Saharan

Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) is an underexploited and under-researched crop species with potential to contribute to crop diversification in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond. The species is commonly cultivated in the drier parts of Southern Africa, mainly by smallholder farmers who maintain a wide range of landraces. Understanding the molecular and morpho-physiological basis for drought adaptation of Citron watermelon in these dry environments can aid in screening local germplasm, identification of suitable traits for crop improvement and improving food system resilience among smallholder farmers by adding to crop diversification. This paper reviews literature on drought adaptation of C. lanatus spp. (C3 xerophytes), using the systematic review approach. The review discusses; (i) the potential role of citron watermelon in adding to crop diversification, (ii) alternative food uses and potential by-products that can be processed from citron watermelon and (iii) the role of Sub-Saharan farmers as key actors in conserving citron watermelon germplasm and biodiversity. Finally, the review provides a summary of significant findings and identifies critical knowledge gaps for further research.

scholarly journals Determinants of uptake and strategies to improve agricultural insurance in Africa: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nshakira-Rukundo ◽  
Juliet Wanjiku Kamau ◽  
Heike Baumüller
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Weather Shocks ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Weather shocks affect smallholder farmers and pastoralists in Sub-Saharan Africa unequally. Agricultural insurance has emerged as a safety net option to protect farmers’ welfare. However, in comparison to other regions, fewer African farmers and pastoralists have adopted agricultural insurance. This review synthesises broad recent literature on why insurance take-up has remained low and highlights six key themes, including: (1) product quality, (2) product design, (3) affordability, (4) information and education, (5) behavioural and sociocultural factors, and (6) the role of government in enabling markets. We shed light on how insurance uptake can be encouraged.

scholarly journals Citron Watermelon Potential to Improve Crop Diversification and Reduce Negative Impacts of Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2269
Author(s):  
Takudzwa Mandizvo ◽  
Alfred Oduor Odindo ◽  
Jacob Mashilo
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Drought Adaptation ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sub Saharan

Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.) is an underexploited and under-researched crop species with the potential to contribute to crop diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa. The species is cultivated in the drier parts of Southern Africa, mainly by smallholder farmers who maintain a wide range of landrace varieties. Understanding the molecular and morpho-physiological basis for drought adaptation in citron watermelon under these dry environments can aid in the identification of suitable traits for drought-tolerance breeding and improve food system resilience among smallholder farmers, thus adding to crop diversification. This paper reviews the literature on drought adaptation of Citrullus lanatus spp. (C3 xerophytes), using the systematic review approach. The review discusses the potential role of citron watermelon in adding to crop diversification, alternative food uses, and potential by-products that can be processed from the crop, and it analyzes the role of Sub-Saharan African farmers play as key actors in conserving citron watermelon germplasm and biodiversity. Finally, the review provides a summary of significant findings and identifies critical knowledge gaps for further research.

Financing Energy Access in Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kayode Oniemola ◽  
Jane Ezirigwe
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Diesel Motors

To achieve universal energy access will attract huge capital investments. If sub-Saharan Africa is to realize anything close to the ambitious goals set for its energy access, then new actors, innovative funding mechanisms and sustainable technologies will have to be attracted. Finance is needed for activities such as rural electrification, clean cooking facilities, diesel motors and generators, other renewable energy technologies, oil and gas infrastructures, etc. Finance is also needed in research and development of suitable technologies and funding options as well as investment in the capacity to formulate and implement sound energy policies. This chapter examines the varied financing options for energy access in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that with appropriate laws in place and effective mechanism for implementation, African countries can significantly engage private sector financing, international financial institutions and foreign donors. The role of the law here will be in creating an enabling environment for financing.

Human Development Paradigm for South Asia

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The People ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development Paradigm

In the chapter, Haq gives a snapshot of the human progress of South Asia, comparing it with other regions. He was worried about the region beginning to lag behind all other regions, including Sub-Saharan Africa. He highlights the role of the two largest economies in the region, India and Pakistan, in financing the major investment in education, health and nutrition for the people. Haq advocates some fiscal and monetary reforms are suggested to invest in human development.

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