Graduates of Russian Universities in the Labor Market (Data from the Rosstat Survey)

The materials from a representative survey of Rosstat in 2016 of higher education graduates in 2010–2015 allowed to analyze the processes of their employment. Almost ½ worked during the education that provided advantages in employment. After graduation, 2/3 searched for work and found it relatively quickly, using most often social networks; 1/3 were not busy looking for work, of which ¼ had a provided job. Imbalances between the structure of supply and the structure of demand in the labor market led to the fact that about 1/3 of graduates got a job that did not related to their field of study; more likely ones from fields that generate more general human capital (social sciences, business, law) – on the contrary, for specific human capital (medicine, computer science). Besides, more than a 1/3 of graduates acquired occupational statuses that do not require higher education; the mismatches “job – field of study” significantly worsened this situation. HE graduates had higher employment and lower unemployment compared to SVE graduates; and the differences in average salaries between them were significantly smaller than for all employees with similar levels of education. The beginning of a career evens out the differences in average salaries of HE graduates who have received different statuses.

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Wage Growth Due to Human Capital Accumulation and Job Search: A Comparison between the United States and Germany

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/001979390706000406 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 562-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Uta Schönberg

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Human Capital ◽

Labor Market ◽

Job Search ◽

Capital Accumulation ◽

Wage Growth ◽

The United States ◽

Human Capital Accumulation ◽

Specific Human Capital ◽

General Human Capital

This paper compares the sources of wage growth of young male workers in two countries with very different labor market institutions, the United States and Germany. The author first develops a simple method for decomposing wage growth into components due to general human capital accumulation, firm-specific human capital accumulation, and job search. The empirical analysis uses data from administrative records (Germany) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (United States) for cohorts entering the labor market in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Although the two countries differed substantially in mobility rates, they were similar in the sources of wage growth, with general human capital accumulation being the most important single source and job search accounting for an additional 25% or more of total wage growth. There is no evidence that returns to firm-specific human capital accumulation were higher for German apprentices than for U.S. high school dropouts or graduates.

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Mismatch Between Education and Occupation: A Case Study of Pakistani Graduates.

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v50i4iipp.531-553 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (4II) ◽

pp. 531-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shujaat Farooq

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Human Capital ◽

Labour Market ◽

Jel Classification ◽

Formal Sector ◽

Field Of Study ◽

Keywords Education ◽

Job Mismatch

In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the incidences of job mismatch in Pakistan. The study has divided the job mismatch into three categories; education-job mismatch, qualification mismatch and field of study and job mismatch. Both the primary and secondary datasets have been used in which the formal sector employed graduates have been targeted. This study has measured the education-job mismatch by three approaches and found that about one-third of the graduates are facing education-job mismatch. In similar, more than one-fourth of the graduates are mismatched in qualification, about half of them are over-qualified and the half are under-qualified. The analysis also shows that 11.3 percent of the graduates have irrelevant and 13.8 percent have slightly relevant jobs to their studied field of disciplines. Our analysis shows that women are more likely than men to be mismatched in field of study. JEL classification: I23, I24, J21, J24 Keywords: Education and Inequality, Higher Education, Human Capital, Labour Market

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Big Data-driven Algorithmic Decision-Making in Selecting and Managing Employees: Advanced Predictive Analytics, Workforce Metrics, and Digital Innovations for Enhancing Organizational Human Capital Social Sciences, Sociology, Management and complex organi

Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management ◽

10.22381/pihrm7220198 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Decision Making ◽

Human Capital ◽

Big Data ◽

Predictive Analytics ◽

Data Driven ◽

Capital Social

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Promotion Signaling and Human Capital Investments

American Economic Journal Microeconomics ◽

10.1257/mic.20180285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 125-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael Waldman ◽

Ori Zax

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Labor Market ◽

Capital Investment ◽

Investment Decisions ◽

Human Capital Investment ◽

Capital Investments ◽

Human Capital Investments ◽

Asymmetric Learning ◽

Specific Human Capital ◽

Investment Choices

In a world characterized by asymmetric learning, promotions can serve as signals of worker ability, and this, in turn, can result in inefficient promotion decisions. If the labor market is competitive, the result will be practices that reduce this distortion. We explore how this logic affects human capital investment decisions. We show that, if commitment is possible, investments will be biased toward the accumulation of firm-specific human capital. We also consider what happens when commitment is not possible and show a number of results including that, if investment choices are not publicly observable, choices are frequently efficient. (JEL D82, J24, J31, M12, M51)

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Human capital and export performance in the Spanish manufacturing firms

Baltic Journal of Management ◽

10.1108/bjm-04-2019-0143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 99-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José López Rodríguez ◽

Bill Serrano Orellana

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Export Performance ◽

Theoretical Background ◽

Manufacturing Firms ◽

Export Intensity ◽

Resource Based View ◽

Content Type ◽

Specific Human Capital ◽

General Human Capital

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of firms’ general and specific human capital on the export propensity and intensity. Design/methodology/approach The resource-based view of the firm provides the theoretical background to examine export performance. Empirical analysis is carried out using a national representative sample of Spanish manufacturing firms and employing Logit and Tobit models. Export performance is evaluated in a dual way, as export propensity and export intensity. In relation to human capital a distinction is made between general and specific human capital. Findings The results shown that differences exist in the effect of general and specific human capital. While the firms’ general human capital (education of the firm’s employees) affects both export propensity and intensity, only some dimensions of specific human capital (employees’ experience at the workplace) affects export propensity and intensity but no the employees’ training. Moreover, the firms’ general human capital generates greater changes than the effect of specific human capital on the export behavior. Originality/value This paper extends a line of research underexplored in the literature by analyzing the effect of organizational human capital on the firm’s export performance; moreover, it is the first study for Spanish manufacturing firms; the distinction between general and specific human capital enhances our comprehension of the human capital as a determinant of export performance. In relation to the specific human capital, besides training, we add a new variable related to experience at the workplace.

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Getting a Barista Job: Adjudicating the Impact of Human Capital, Social Capital, Age and Gender

Open Journal for Sociological Studies ◽

10.32591/coas.ojss.0403.02139c ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 139-152

Author(s):

Ed Collom

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Social Capital ◽

Human Capital ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

High Status ◽

Capital Social ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Entry Level ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

This study concerns the role of human capital, social capital, age, and gender in acquiring a job as an entry-level barista. Employment records were coded and analyzed in order to identify the key factors differentiating this applicant pool. The results from multivariate models produce fewer positive associations between human capital and social capital indicators than the literature suggests. Those with greater educational attainment are more likely to have high-status references on their applications. As seen in previous literature, the social capital of applicants is not very relevant in acquiring this entry-level job. Overall, educational attainment was most salient in increasing the odds of being interviewed and hired. The managers responsible for these decisions appear to favor formal higher education over work experience or references. The findings are discussed vis-à-vis women’s gains in higher education, the growth of the service sector, and the aging of the U.S. population.

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Accumulated Human Capital, Unemployment, And Subsequent Wages

Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) ◽

10.19030/jabr.v22i4.1413 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vera Adamchik ◽

Thomas Hyclak

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Labor Market ◽

Significant Determinant ◽

Font Size ◽

Wage Setting ◽

Market Experience ◽

Economic Forces ◽

Data Source ◽

Specific Human Capital ◽

The Impact

The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the determinants of post-unemployment wages and to identify the underlying economic forces triggering the observed wage setting mechanisms. Specifically, the paper focuses on the impact of accumulated human capital on post-unemployment wages and investigates the following issues: (1) Is formal educational attainment a significant determinant of post-unemployment wages? (2) What type of previous labor market experience (general vs. job-specific) is more valued by a new employer? (3) Are workers who find a new job in the same sector, industry or occupation more likely to retain their specific human capital and, thus, earn higher post-unemployment wages? The 1994-2001 Polish Labor Force Surveys are used as the data source for this study.

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Predicting entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in higher education: a case from Iran

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education ◽

10.1108/jarhe-04-2020-0109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Mehdizadeh ◽

Hesamedin Gholami ◽

Nematollah Shiri ◽

Mojgan Khoshmaram

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Social Capital ◽

Human Capital ◽

Opportunity Recognition ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Capital Social ◽

Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Content Type ◽

Environmental Support

PurposeAlthough extensive governmental efforts have taken place to promote entrepreneurship in Iran, based on global entrepreneurship monitor report, the rate of perceived opportunities among young people, especially those with university education, has dropped. Since the perceived entrepreneurial opportunities are the first and most important step in the entrepreneurship process, this study identified the factors affecting the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in Iranian higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe statistical population included 127 senior undergraduate students in all majors of agriculture at Ilam University. The sample size was determined by using the Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) sampling table to be 100 senior undergraduate agriculture students at Ilam University, Ilam province, Iran, selected through a stratified random sampling technique.FindingsThe results showed that the perceived entrepreneurial opportunity among students was moderately low. According to structural equation modeling, the alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support variables had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the research implications, the present study, with providing and testing a model for developing the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students in a developing country (Iran) with diverse cultures and values, has improved the literature of entrepreneurship in higher education.Practical implicationsBased on results instructors in higher agricultural education can use active teaching and learning methods, such as creating ideas, experiential and service learning, teamwork and practical work, critical thinking and problem-solving in education. Also, financial, technical and consultative support of instructors and managers in agricultural colleges to implement, launch and commercialize agricultural students' entrepreneurial ideas and projects is needed.Originality/valueThe findings indicated the importance of alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students. Findings showed that ecological approach could be used to develop students' entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.

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