Exhaust emissions of particulate matter from light-duty vehicles – an overview and the current situation

Emissions of particulate matter associated with the use of light-duty vehicles are an increasingly important topic, with more and more political attention focused on this issue. Now that direct injection Diesel engines feature DPFs, particle emissions from other engine types operating on other fuels are also of great interest. This paper discusses the phenomenon in general, briefly reviews worldwide legislation and emissions limits and presents the results of a laboratory test programme measuring the particle emissions from a range of vehicles. The experimental programme showed that the engine/fuel type has a greater impact on particle emissions than the test conditions.

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Impact of Lubricating Oil Condition on Exhaust Particulate Matter Emissions from Light Duty Vehicles

SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants ◽

10.4271/2010-01-1560 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 476-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michael G. Christianson ◽

Ewa Bardasz ◽

William Nahumck

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Light Duty ◽

Particulate Matter Emissions ◽

Light Duty Vehicles ◽

Exhaust Particulate

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Evaluation of solid particle number and black carbon for very low particulate matter emissions standards in light-duty vehicles

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association ◽

10.1080/10962247.2016.1268548 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 677-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M.-C. Oliver Chang ◽

J. Erin Shields

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Black Carbon ◽

Solid Particle ◽

Particle Number ◽

Light Duty ◽

Particulate Matter Emissions ◽

Light Duty Vehicles

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An investigation on the physical, chemical and ecotoxicological characteristics of particulate matter emitted from light-duty vehicles

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2009.03.028 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 157 (8-9) ◽

pp. 2320-2327 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Elias Vouitsis ◽

Leonidas Ntziachristos ◽

Panayiotis Pistikopoulos ◽

Zissis Samaras ◽

Loukia Chrysikou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicles

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Synergistic engine-fuel technologies for light-duty vehicles: Fuel economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Applied Energy ◽

10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.213 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 1538-1561 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Kai Morganti ◽

Marwan Al-Abdullah ◽

Abdullah Alzubail ◽

Gautam Kalghatgi ◽

Yoann Viollet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Fuel Economy ◽

Engine Fuel ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicles

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Determinants of rear-of-wheel and tire-road wear particle emissions by light-duty vehicles using on-road and test track experiments

Atmospheric Pollution Research ◽

10.1016/j.apr.2020.12.014 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A. Beji ◽

K. Deboudt ◽

S. Khardi ◽

B. Muresan ◽

L. Lumière

Keyword(s):

Wear Particle ◽

Particle Emissions ◽

Test Track ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicles

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Variation of the Distribution of Atmospheric n-Alkanes Emitted by Different Fuels’ Combustion

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11060643 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 643

Author(s):

Sofia Caumo ◽

Roy E. Bruns ◽

Pérola C. Vasconcellos

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Principal Component ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽

Pollutant Emissions ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Heavy Vehicles ◽

Light Duty ◽

Principal Factors ◽

Light Duty Vehicles

This study presents the emission profiles of n-alkanes for different vehicular sources in two Brazilian cities. Atmospheric particulate matter was collected in São Paulo (Southeast) and in Salvador (Northeast) to determine n-alkanes. The sites were impacted by bus emissions and heavy and light-duty vehicles. The objective of the present study is to attempt to differentiate the profile of n-alkane emissions for particulate matter (PM) collected at different sites. PM concentrations ranged between 73 and 488 µg m−3, and the highest concentration corresponded to a tunnel for light and heavy duty vehicles. At sites where diesel-fueled vehicles are dominant, the n-alkanes show a unimodal distribution, which is different from the bimodal profile observed in the literature. Carbon preference index values corresponded to anthropogenic sources for most of the sites, as expected, but Cmax varied comparing to literature and a source signature was difficult to observe. The main sources to air pollution were indicated by principal component analysis (PCA). For PCA, a receptor model often used as an exploratory tool to identify the major sources of air pollutant emissions, the principal factors were attributed to mixed sources and to bus emissions. Chromatograms of four specific samples showed distinct profiles of unresolved complex mixtures (UCM), indicating different contributions of contamination from petroleum or fossil fuel residues, which are unable to resolve by gas chromatography. The UCM area seemed higher in samples collected at sites with the abundance of heavy vehicles.

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