Despite the rapid technological advance, the expansion of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, as well as the
accumulation of experience by both domestic and foreign experts, prenatal recognition of true knots of the
umbilical cord causes significant difficulties. Three cases of successful ultrasound diagnosis of true knots of the
umbilical cord and brief review of the literature are presented.
The case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal superior occipital encephalocele at 19 weeks of gestation
is presented. The pregnancy was terminated at 20 weeks of gestation. An external examination of the abortus
confirmed the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.
The prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of large multilocular interhemispheric arachnoid cyst at 34 weeks of
gestation is presented. No other anomalies were noticed. Patient was scheduled for the cesarean section. An
infant was undergone the surgery with fenestration of the cyst three months later. In this case, arachnoid cyst
had an excellent outcome and was not associated with neurological or cognitive impairment.
Main prenatal ultrasound differential patterns of congenital heart diseases including interventricular septal
defect and dextroposed aorta are presented.
Two cases of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of left atrial isomerism in the second trimester of gestation is
presented. These two cases were in combination with pulmonary atresia and right aortic arch. Left atrial isomerism
was identify by the digit-like shape of the left and right atrial appendages. The pulmonary atresia was identified
on the basis of reverse flow in small pulmonary artery. A right aortic was identified by “U”-shaped confluence
of aorta and ductus arteriosus in view of three vessels and trachea. The trachea was located between the vessels.
The pregnancies were terminated and prenatal diagnosis was conformed at autopsy
Аn analysis of the ultrasound diagnosis of extrachorial type of placentation (EPT): placenta circumvallata
and placenta placenta marginata is presented. The frequency of prenatal ultrasound detection of EPT was 0.77 %
(319/41 626). In the postanatal period EPT was noted in 3.14 %. Issues of ultrasound imaging and low detection
of EPT during pregnancy were discussed.
A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fibular hemimelia, type I associated with oligodactyly of the foot
at 22 weeks of gestation is presented. Ultrasound examination at 22 weeks of gestation revealed hypoplasia of the
left fibula and the foot oligodactyly. After prenatal counseling, the patient opted for termination of pregnancy.
During external examination of the abortus asymmetry of the lower extremities due to shortening of the left
lower leg and oligodactyly of the left foot were noted, those confirmed prenatal ultrasound data.