scholarly journals A relevância do contexto lingüístico na aquisição da fonologia e nos desvios fonológicos do desenvolvimento: o exemplo da palatalização

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Carmen Lúcia Matzenauer-Hernandorena
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Articulatory Phonology ◽  
Output Constraints ◽  
Context Dependent

Focusing the palatalization of coronal stops, a study with children acquiring Brazilian Portuguese, in normal and deviant process, makes clear a significant influence of the linguistic context in the behavior of consonantal segments, causing phonetic effects of co-articulation. In the analysis of the data, theoretical model based in constraints, as Optimality Theory, and dynamic model, as Articulatory Phonology, show more consistency in the explanation of context dependent phenomenon, like palatalization, than Autosegmental Theory, that demands a mixed solution, with the use of rules and also the use of output constraints.

scholarly journals Model Test Research on the Influence of Gate Blocking in Siltation Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Yifeng Wang ◽  
Jingyu Zhang ◽  
Liangpeng Wan ◽  
Qiao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
High Water ◽  
Deep Hole ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Similarity Ratio ◽  
Pulling Force

Aiming at the clogging problems encountered in the operation of deep-hole gates in high water level reservoirs and dams, this paper carried out a model test study on the influence of different materials and different siltation environments on the lifting of the gates and analyzed the rules of the effects of blockages in different siltation environments. An analysis model of the pull-out force of the gate (blocked object) considering the siltation environment was proposed in an innovative way and the similarity ratio relationship was verified. The results of the study show that (1) the size and time of the siltation and other factors have a significant influence on the pulling force of the blocked object. It increases with the increase of the siltation area. The longer the siltation goes on, the greater the pulling force will be. (2) As the similarity ratio n increases, the calculation result of the analysis model is closer to the target value n 2 and it indicates that the theoretical model is reliable. The research results of this paper can provide certain guidance for deep-hole siltation dispatch to ensure project safety.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Exploration of Continuous Vaccination of the COVID-19 Vaccine: an Empirical Study From China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenlong Zhu ◽  
Hao Zou ◽  
Ying Song ◽  
Yingjie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Impact Process ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: Vaccination for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides an effective approach for the general improvement of social safety and individual health. However, to date, few studies have analyzed the continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine and its impact process. This research explores factors that theoretically affect the public’s continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine at every stage and constructs a theoretical model to analyze the entire impact process of continuous vaccination based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model, the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) and the vaccine hesitancy (VH) theory.Methods: The respondents in this study were individuals in China who have been vaccinated. In addition, structural equation modeling technology was used to analyze the influence of factors on the continuous vaccination for COVID-19 vaccine and the whole impact process.Results: First, perceived efficacy has a positive significant impact on vaccination intention, but the positive effects of outcome expectancy and risk perception on vaccination intention are not significant. Second, social positive cues have a positive significant influence on vaccination intention. Third, VH has a negative significant influence on vaccination intention. Four, vaccination behavior produces a positive significant effect on perceived usefulness and satisfaction, respectively. Five, perceived usefulness exerted a positive significant impact on satisfaction and continuous vaccination, respectively. Six, satisfaction has no positive significant influence on continuous vaccination.Conclusions: Our theoretical model, which is the main contribution of this research, indicates that individual continuous vaccination is a process from motivation to intention, and from intention to behavior, and then from behavior to continuous behavior.

scholarly journals HAPLOLOGIA SINTÁTICA E EFEITOS DE ECONOMIA

Organon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Battisti
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Rule Analysis

Syntactic haplology (SH) is a sandhi rule which eliminates one of two contiguous identicalor partially identical syllables in a sentence (caldo de cana > cal de cana). Interpreting the results ofa variable rule analysis of SH on southern Brazilian Portuguese data according to Optimality Theory(PRINCE and SMOLENSKY, 1993; MCCARTHY and PRINCE, 1993,1995) implied discussing thenature of SH, if coalescence or deletion, and the markedness restriction involved. SH can be interpretedas a deletion process motivated by the requirement of avoiding sequences of identical or partiallyidentical syllabes, which is expressed by OCP.

Lateral Vibration of Nonrotating Drill Pipe Conveying Fluid in Vertical Holes

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Stefan Miska
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Fortran Program ◽  
Pipe Conveying Fluid ◽  
Lateral Vibration ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Conveying Fluid

A theoretical study has been performed on the lateral vibration of non-rotating drillpipe interacted with drilling fluid in vertical holes. Particular attention is paid to the interaction between drillpipe and drilling fluid near drillpipe neutral point zone. A new theoretical model has been established. The interaction between drillpipe and drilling fluid is characterized in this model. Dimensional analysis has been conducted to generalize this model. An innovative numerical method has been developed to solve the eigensystem. A FORTRAN program has been developed to model the behavior of drillpipe conveying fluid in vertical holes. Several numerical examples are provided to show the influences of drilling fluid on drillpipe dynamics. Fluid is considered to be flowing downward inside pipe and upward in annulus simultaneously. Results show that drilling fluid has significant influence on drillpipe dynamics.

scholarly journals A gestural account of the velar fricative in Navajo

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Iskarous ◽  
Joyce McDonough ◽  
D. H. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Articulatory Phonology ◽  
Extreme Form ◽  
Allophonic Variation ◽  
Athabaskan Language ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

AbstractUsing the framework of Articulatory Phonology, we offer a phonological account of the allophonic variation undergone by the velar fricative phoneme in Navajo, a Southern or Apachean Athabaskan language spoken in Arizona and New Mexico. The Navajo velar fricative strongly co-articulates with the following vowel, varying in both place and manner of articulation. The variation in this velar fricative seems greater than the variation of velars in many well-studied languages. The coronal central fricatives in the inventory, in contrast, are quite phonetically stable. The back fricative of Navajo thus highlights 1) the linguistic use of an extreme form of coarticulation and 2) the mechanism by which languages can control coarticulation. It is argued that the task dynamic model underlying Articulatory Phonology, with the mechanism of gestural blending controlling coarticulation, can account for the multiplicity of linguistically-controlled ways in which velars coarticulate with surrounding vowels without requiring any changes of input specification due to context. The ability of phonological and morphological constraints to restrict the amount of coarticulation argues against strict separation of phonetics and phonology.

scholarly journals A AQUISIÇÃO FONOLÓGICA DO INGLÊS COMO L2 À LUZ DA OT: OS VERBOS CONTENDO A MARCA «-ED»

Organon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubiratã Alves
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Constraint Ranking

This paper focuses on the acquisition, by Brazilian Portuguese speakers, of both the syllabicstructure and the sonority of the coda segments of the English verbs containing the morpheme “-ed”.The analysis which was developed under the framework of Optimality Theory was able to show theevolution of the learners’ constraint ranking from the initial state H0 to the hierarchy which led tonative-like production. The analysis has also shown that, regarding the acquisition of the syllabicstructure, the production of native-like forms implied not only the demotion of constraints, but also theabandonment of an input originated from the written form, and the subsequent acquisition of a newunderlying representation which was able to lead to the production of the target structures. In thisregard, the analysis has revealed that, as for L2 acquisition, variable output forms do not need to besolely originated from the constraint ranking, given the fact that such outputs may also come from theexistence of more than one input representation maintained by the same learner

scholarly journals /dˤ/-Variation in Saudi Newscasting and Phonological Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Yasser A. Al-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Theory Testing ◽  
Articulatory Phonology ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Trace Model ◽  
Lexical Diffusion ◽  
Explanatory Adequacy ◽  
Lexical Items

In his analysis of /dˤ/-variation in Saudi Arabian newscasting, Al-Tamimi (2020) finds unpredicatble variability between the standard variant [dˤ] and the non-standard variant [ðˤ] in different in-words positions, in different phonetic environments, and in semantically ‘content’ and suprasegmentally ‘stressed’ lexical itmes assumed to favor the standard variant. He even finds in many of these lexical items an unusual realizational flucatuation between the two variants. The present exploratory and ‘theory-testing’ study aims to find a reasonable account for these findings through examining the explanatory adequacy of a number of available phonological theories, notions, models and proposals that have made different attempts to accommodate variation, and this includes Coexistent Phonemic Systems, Standard Generative Phonology, Lexical Diffusion, Variable Rules, Poly-Lectal Grammar, Articulatory Phonology, different versions of the Optimality Theory, in addition to the Multiple-Trace-Model, as represented by Al-Tamimi’s (2005) Multiple-Trace-Based Proposal. The study reveals the strengths and weaknesses of these theories in embracing the variability in the data, and concludes that the Multiple-Trace-Based Proposal can relatively offer the best insight as its allows variation to be directly encoded in the underlying representations of lexical items, a status strictly prohibited by the rest of the theories that adopt invariant lexical representations in consonance with the ‘Homogeneity Doctrine’.

scholarly journals Sluicing e Pseudosluicing em português europeu e brasileiro

2017 ◽  
pp. 191-211
Author(s):  
Gabriela Matos ◽  
Inês Catarino
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Free Relatives ◽  
European Portuguese

Sluicing and Pseudosluicing are elliptical constructions that differ in Portuguese regarding the (im)possibility of preposition omission. Rodrigues et al. (2009) and Rodrigues (2016) claim that in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), and Spanish, this omission is apparent in Pseudosluicing, because the prepositional phrase occurs inside the elided cleft sentence that affects the overt wh-phrase (whP). European Portuguese (EP) shows that this apparent omission only occurs with whPs that are D-linked and the linguistic context permits the recovering of the nominal that expresses the kind of entities that are under inquire. When free relatives are involved in the cleft sentences, the omission of preposition is required, and the differences in acceptability between PE and PB are due to the narrow extension of the Preposition Drop phenomenon in EP.

scholarly journals Dynamic Model of Displacement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Martin ◽  
Lisa Singh ◽  
Abbie Taylor ◽  
Laila Wahedi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Academic Literature

This paper focuses on an important pre-condition for effective forecasting—a theoretical model that captures the full range of drivers that are implicated in decisions to move from one location to another. The paper first reviews the academic literature on the drivers of displacement. It also discusses the corollary of displacement—immobility that may be forced or voluntary. The heart of the article is the model of displacement that we have developed. We describe the process through which we developed the model and then explain its components. We conclude with a discussion of potential approaches that could be used to test the model.

Dynamic Simulation of Planetary Gearbox

2013 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Tian Fu Yang ◽  
Shao Ze Yan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Planetary Gears ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Planetary Gearbox ◽  
Gear Backlash ◽  
High Power Efficiency

Planetary gears are the most popular transmission machinery in large reduction ratio circumstances, which is because of the advantages of compactness, co-axial and high power efficiency. Accurate dynamic model is crucial when planetary gears are used in precise positioning and controlling systems. A dynamic model considering gear backlash and bearing compliance is established in this work. A typical planetary gearbox is simulated with the model. The results prove the validity of the model and demonstrate that gear backlash and bearing compliance have significant influence on planetary gear transmission.

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