Advancing the agenda for people-centred accountability of the private healthcare sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Kanchan Pawar ◽  
Abhay Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Campaign Strategies ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Patient’S Rights ◽  
The Cost

The thematic track on accountability of the private and corporate healthcare sectors during the Community of Practitioners for Accountability and Social Action in Health (COPASAH) Global Symposium aimed to analyse the emergence of the global trend of commercialisation of health systems, and the transition of healthcare from being a public good to a marketable commodity, at the cost of publicly funded healthcare in developing countries. It examined the implications of the lack of state regulation and oversight which has enabled the profit driven private healthcare sector to exploit vulnerable people through overcharging, malpractices and violations of patient’s rights. Finally, the session addressed challenges in advocacy of patients’ rights and showcased effective campaign strategies used by health activists in different countries to promote accountability of the private healthcare sector. Putting together learnings and insights from this track will help in contributing towards a powerful global counter-narrative, while providing activists with the tools to create awareness and engage with this critical issue.

scholarly journals Cost of chronic red blood cell transfusion in the Brazilian private healthcare sector from a payer perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Frederico José Bighetti Magro ◽  
◽  
Rodrigo Antonini Ribeiro ◽  
Leo Sekine ◽  
André Fiorin Marinato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Advisory Board ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Payer Perspective ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rbc Transfusion

Objective: In the private healthcare sector in Brazil, the dearth of information regarding transfusion cost may compromise the management of conditions requiring long-term transfusion. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the cost of chronic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in this context. Methods: A payer perspective was chosen for the analysis. A survey performed by an expert advisory board gathered information on the amounts reimbursed by health plans to blood centers per outpatient transfusion of a single RBC bag in multitransfused patients. Survey results were contrasted to RBC transfusion cost calculated using Brazilian Hierarchical Classification of Medical Procedures (CBHPM) parameters from 2018 and 2010, the latter suggested by the advisory board as more accurately reflecting market prices. Results: Six blood centers in the South and Southeast of Brazil were surveyed. The median amount reimbursed per RBC unit was R$ 1,066.44 (interquartile range: R$ 665.00-1,252.00). The mean amount reimbursed was R$ 959.54 ± R$ 337.14 (minimum: R$ 295.00 – maximum: R$ 1,980.00). Using 2018 CBHPM parameters, the cost of transfusing one RBC unit was calculated as R$ 1,905.18. Using 2010 CBHPM parameters, the cost was R$ 1,119.69 per RBC unit. Conclusions: Analyses using 2018 CBHPM parameters may lead to overestimation of transfusion cost. The best estimate for outpatient transfusion of one RBC bag in the private health care sector in Brazil lies between the observed reimbursed values and 2010 CBHPM cost. The present results provide valuable information for future cost-effectiveness analyses focusing on disorders whose treatment involves routine RBC transfusion.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR STATE REGULATION OF SOCIAL GUARANTEES IN THE REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Lobas ◽  
◽  
Elena Petryaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with modern mechanisms for managing social protection of the population by the state and the private sector. From the point of view of forms of state regulation of the sphere of social protection, system indicators usually include the state and dynamics of growth in the standard of living of the population, material goods, services and social guarantees for the poorly provided segments of the population. The main indicator among the above is the state of the consumer market, as one of the main factors in the development of the state. Priority areas of public administration with the use of various forms of social security have been identified. It should be emphasized that, despite the legislative conflicts that exist today in Ukraine, mandatory indexation of the cost of living is established, which is associated with inflation. Various scientists note that although the definition of the cost of living index has a well-established methodology, there are quite a lot of regional features in the structure of consumption. All this is due to restrictions that are included in the consumer basket of goods and different levels of socio-economic development of regions. The analysis of the establishment and periodic review of the minimum consumer budgets of the subsistence minimum and wages of the working population and the need to form state insurance funds for unforeseen circumstances is carried out. Considering in this context the levers of state management of social guarantees of the population, we drew attention to the crisis periods that are associated with the market transformation of the regional economy. In these conditions, there is a need to develop and implement new mechanisms and clusters in the system of socio-economic relations. The components of the mechanisms ofstate regulation ofsocial guarantees of the population are proposed. The deepening of market relations in the process of reforming the system of social protection of the population should be aimed at social well-being.

Costs and the cost-effectiveness threshold

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Abel Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Societal Perspective ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Qaly Threshold ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Threshold ◽  
Effectiveness Threshold ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Chapter 19 starts by distinguishing between the two contrasting perspectives that an economic evaluation would take: the healthcare sector perspective versus the societal perspective. The former is considered a ‘narrow analysis’ which includes only the costs accruing within the healthcare sector, while the latter represents a ‘broad analysis’ that accounts for all resource implications in all sectors of the economy. After an investigation into various types of costs, a ‘limited societal perspective’ is suggested to be more appropriate than either of the two ‘extreme perspectives’. The chapter continues with a discussion of the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) threshold and explains the difference between a demand side- versus a supply-side approach to determining a threshold value for a QALY.

The Archival Imperative: Can Oral History Survive the Funding Crisis in Archival Institutions?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
The Cost

This article strives to answer the question of whether oral history can survive the funding crisis that rages archival institutions. The cost and complexity of managing archival collections in libraries and archives are increasing at unprecedented rates. Collecting institutions are expected to do more with less, a common experience for most publicly funded repositories since the 1980s. Institutions struggling with backlogs of physical collections are now responsible for electronic collections that grow exponentially and require new formats with astonishing frequency. Archives must provide online as well as on-site services to satisfy researchers, and those who allocate funding. In some ways, oral history is well adapted to survive in this tumultuous environment. Many archival institutions have been educating local practitioners since the 1970s about the standards required by their repositories. The pragmatism required for preservation strategies will be anathema to some curators, just as the underlying principles have been to some archivists in recent years.

scholarly journals How healthcare structures and communication delivery influence trust: a parallel-group randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Cantarutti ◽  
Emmanuel M. Pothos
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Public Healthcare Sector ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Therapy Compliance ◽  
Study Offer

Abstract Background According to recent polling, public trust in the healthcare sector remains low relative to other industries globally. The implications of low healthcare trust permeate throughout the industry in a number of ways, most visibly by discouraging therapy compliance. Methods This study investigated four putative determinants of trust in healthcare-related scenarios: individuals vs. collective groups as communicators of healthcare advice; expert vs. laypeople as providers of healthcare communication; public vs. private healthcare sector; and positive vs. negative information. Two hundred seventy-four participants were recruited via Prolific Academic and were presented with four statements in random order, related to a positive reflection of the public healthcare sector, a negative reflection of the public healthcare sector, a positive reflection of the private healthcare sector and a negative reflection of the private healthcare sector. According to these reflection, participants were repeatedly asked to rate the system on its trustworthiness. Trust outcomes were constructed using a four-dimension framework, consisting of benevolence, reliability, competence and predictability. Results Claims relating to the public sector had a significantly stronger impact on benevolence and reliability than claims relating to the private sector; claims from individuals had a significantly stronger impact on all trust variables than claims from collectives; and claims from laypeople had a significantly greater impact on reliability and competence ratings than claims from experts. Conclusions The findings in this study offer insight into the patterns with which trust decisions are made in healthcare contexts. More importantly, this research offers a novel perspective of how different factors interact to affect the various facets of trust. These results provide a foundation for future study in this evolving area, and offer insights into designing effective communication strategies that cultivate greater levels of individual trust in the healthcare sector.

Economic considerations and decision support tool for wastewater reuse scheme planning

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hochstrat ◽  
D. Joksimovic ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin ◽  
D. Savic
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Considerations

The reuse of upgraded wastewater for beneficial uses is increasingly adopted and accepted as a tool in water management. However, funding of schemes is still a critical issue. The focus of this paper is on economic considerations of water reuse planning. A survey of pricing mechanisms for reclaimed water revealed that most schemes are subsidised to a great extent. In order to minimise these state contributions to the implementation and operation of reuse projects, their planning should identify a least cost design option. This also has to take into account the established pricing structure for conventional water resources and the possibility of gaining revenues from reclaimed water pricing. The paper presents a case study which takes into account these aspects. It evaluates different scheme designs with regard to their Net Present Value (NPV). It could be demonstrated that for the same charging level, quite different amounts of reclaimed water can be delivered while still producing an overall positive NPV. Moreover, the economic feasibility and competitiveness of a reuse scheme is highly determined by the cost structure of the conventional water market.

scholarly journals Market concentration trends in South Africa’s private healthcare sector

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Erasmus ◽  
Nicola Theron
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Competitive Dynamics ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Market ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Relative Bargaining Power

The Competition Commission (CC) commenced with an enquiry into South Africa’s private healthcare sector at the beginning of 2014, the outcome of which could have far-reaching consequences for the medical industry in South Africa. The panel appointed to consider competition in the private healthcare sector has indicated that they are interested in understanding increased consolidation in the private hospital market and the effect this may have on competitive dynamics. This article considers historical concentration trends in the private hospital market from 2000 to 2012. In addition it also deals with changes in market structure in the medical scheme and administrator markets. These trends provide a complete picture of market structure changes and the implications for relative bargaining power of the various parties. It finds that whereas the market concentration of private hospitals has remained relatively stable since 2004, the market concentration of medical schemes and administrators has increased over this period.

scholarly journals Low-cost air traffic as a determinant of tourism development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Filip Bugarčić ◽  
Marijana Bugarčić
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Further Development

Air transport as an organized form of service provision, especially in passenger transport, can be important for increasing the number of foreign tourists. Globalization and the development of information technologies have contributed to the development of the business model of airlines, which has enabled a significant reduction in the cost of air travel and the accelerated development of this industry. Therefore, the emphasis is placed on the global trend of development of low-cost airlines, their way of doing business and the effects they have on the development of tourism. The increase in the number of low-budget airlines has multiple effects on the development of international tourism and passenger transport due to cheaper transport, which is made possible by improving the competitiveness of air transport after its deregulation. In addition, lower prices and a better logistical position can contribute to an increase in the number of foreign tourists and a higher income for this industry, as well as other related economic activities. The aim of this paper is to examine through theoretical and empirical insight whether there is an impact of low-cost airlines on the volume of air traffic and the intensity of passenger transport, with an emphasis on existing literature, as well as empirical confirmation on the example of Serbia. The conducted research has important implications, since in pandemic conditions, further development of low-budget airlines is expected to contribute to the recovery of air traffic and tourism.

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