EXPERIENCE OF MODERN APPROACHES TO NATURAL WATER QUALITY ESTIMATION FOR THE PREDICTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF ITS CONDITIONING

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
І. С. Єзловецька
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Technological Methods

On methodological approaches to the improvement of surface water bodies and target indicators of the natural waters’ quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. Zaslonovsky ◽  
◽  
N. Sharapov ◽  
M. Bosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

The paper is devoted to the development of proposals concerning the improvement of surface water bodies and the appointment of target indicators of the natural waters’ quality. The paper considers a variety of problems of preserving, restoring and improving the quality of natural surface waters: from regional features of the formation of natural water composition, to differences in the requirements for the quality of water consumed. The object of the study is the qualitative indicators of the waters of natural water bodies, and the subject of the study is the methodological approaches to the normalization of these indicators. The purpose of the work is to identify the main shortcomings in the domestic system of rationing the quality of natural waters, and to form appropriate proposals. For this purpose, the following tasks were set and solved: to review the methodological approaches to assessing and rationing the quality of natural waters used in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, to identify the main causes and shortcomings; to make proposals for improving the current system of water quality rationing. The result of this work is the conclusions about the lack of impact of the strategy operating in Russia in the development of schemes of complex use and protection of water objects, standards of permissible impact on water bodies, the appointment of permissible discharge limits in terms of maintaining and improving the water quality of natural water bodies. The reasons that led to this are indicated. The necessity of taking into account, in addition to the physical and chemical composition, also hydrobiological parameters is shown. It is concluded that instead of fisheries management standards, environmental standards should serve as the basis for target indicators of water quality of natural water bodies, which determine the well-being of humans and the stable functioning of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account regional factors. Proposals were made to adjust the methodological approaches to the implementation of this strategy. According to the authors, these proposals will speed up the solution of the main objectives of the strategy – the ecological improvement of water bodies, the preservation of unique aquatic ecosystems and the environmentally safe development of territories that previously experienced relatively small anthropogenic impacts (Eastern Siberia and the Far East)

scholarly journals Aesthetic issues for drinking water

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Drinking Waters

Although many people expect their drinking water to be “flavorless”, natural and processed drinking waters have flavors due to minerals and organics in the natural water, inputs from any step of water processing or transport, and interaction of these chemicals with an individuals' nose and mouth. Since people can detect the flavor of water, the idea has been proposed that drinking water consumers be considered as sentinels who monitor water quality. This paper explores specific sensory components of drinking water, how humans perceive their drinking water, and future directions for aesthetic research that can better explain causes of and treatments for tastes and odors in drinking water and the human factors that make water a desirable beverage.

Water Quality Estimation Using Combined Water Chemistry and Field Spectroscopy in the Shenandoah River, Virginia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbongowo J. Mbuh ◽  
Paul R. Houser ◽  
Ako Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Colored Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Band Combinations

This study investigated the spatial dynamics of water quality across the Shenandoah River basin using spectroscopy and chemometrics to estimate chlorophyll (Chl), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and turbidity using three band combinations and nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorous) in the Shenandoah River. The mean Chl a concentration for 555 nm, 560 nm and 640 nm were; 0.31 µg/l, 0.33 µg/l, and 0.51 µg/l respectively. Chlorophyll a showed strong correlations at band 640 (r = 0.92). The bands centered at 670/490 were the best in predicting CDOM and turbidity in the Shenandoah River Basin with an r2 = 0.56. Chemometrics analysis show that total phosphorous, nitrogen and turbidity can be predicted between 450 to 555nm and 670 to 710 nm, the range of wavelengths which indicated better predictability for spectroscopic analysis. The resultant concentration is used to develop predictive models to determine sensitive spectral variables for nitrogen, phosphorous, Chl-a, and CDOM.

Predicting Attainable Water Quality Using the Ecoregional Approach

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Schonter ◽  
Vladimir Novotny
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Surface Form ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Background Water Quality

To more adequately protect receiving water bodies, government policy is leading toward adaptation of integrated management approaches that protect the integrity of the ecosystem as a whole. Approaching natural water quality is a goal of integrated water resource management. Ecoregions represent geographical areas of relatively similar land surface form, mineral availability, natural vegetation and land uses, and therefore, represent areas of relatively similar background water quality. Water quality at relatively unimpacted reference locations is representative of regional natural water quality and may be reasonably extrapolated to other similar locations within the ecoregion. These concepts were applied to the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains ecoregion and the Milwaukee River, Wisconsin.

Prediction of breakthrough of pesticides in GAC-filters and breakthrough of colour in ion-exchange-filters

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G.J. Heijman ◽  
W. Siegers ◽  
R. Sterk ◽  
R. Hopman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Independent Experiment ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Exchange Resins

Adsorption columns are widely used in drinking water treatment to improve a number of water quality parameters. Granular activated carbon filtration (GAC) can be used to decrease the concentration of DOC, colour, taste, odour and pesticides. Columns filled with ion-exchange resins are used to remove colour, nitrate and DOC. The regeneration frequency of these types of filters depends strongly on the natural water quality. Especially the DOC-concentration and DOC-composition determines the efficiency of the processes. Because pilot-plant experiments with realistic contact-times will last for more than a year (for GAC) there is a need for a prediction of breakthrough based on shorter and less expensive laboratory experiments. The available models are not accurate enough because the exact parameters are not available. In batch experiments with natural water, with realistic (low) pesticide concentrations and the full grain size of the adsorbent the adsorption parameters are measured in an independent experiment. With the parameters obtained with these experiments an accurate prediction of the breakthrough curve is possible. With the same parameters predictions of breakthrough curves are calculated under different process conditions. The possibilities of process optimisation can reduce the investment costs for new full-scale plants.

Phytoplankton-based water quality metrics: feasibility of their use in a Neotropical shallow lake

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Frau ◽  
Gisela Mayora ◽  
Melina Devercelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Quality Metrics ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Cyanobacteria Blooms ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Q Index

Urban lakes constitute important recreational areas, but often they are eutrophicated. In this study we discuss the utility of 12 ecological quality metrics to test whether they: (1) can be applied to Neotropical lakes; (2) are sensitive to environmental variations throughout the year; and (3) are affected by heterogeneous spatial distribution of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton and environmental variables (including nutrients) were sampled monthly in an urban lake (four littoral and one limnetic station) throughout 1 year (n=60 samples). Twelve ecological quality metrics were tested using total phosphorus as a proxy of eutrophication through general lineal models. The best adjusted metrics were then transformed to an ecological quality ratio (EQR) to allow comparisons. The Phytoplankton Assemblage Index (Q-index) and the Cyanobacteria Bloom Index (CBI) were the most accurate. Differences in water quality estimation occurred across the year, with an overestimation of water quality in the absence of cyanobacteria blooms. There were no differences due to effects of the spatial distribution of phytoplankton. The Q-index was related to temperature and soluble reactive phosphorus, whereas the CBI was related to conductivity. We conclude that the Q-index is the most accurate metric for monitoring purposes, responding well to variations in phosphorus.

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