On methodological approaches to the improvement of surface water bodies and target indicators of the natural waters’ quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. Zaslonovsky ◽  
◽  
N. Sharapov ◽  
M. Bosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

The paper is devoted to the development of proposals concerning the improvement of surface water bodies and the appointment of target indicators of the natural waters’ quality. The paper considers a variety of problems of preserving, restoring and improving the quality of natural surface waters: from regional features of the formation of natural water composition, to differences in the requirements for the quality of water consumed. The object of the study is the qualitative indicators of the waters of natural water bodies, and the subject of the study is the methodological approaches to the normalization of these indicators. The purpose of the work is to identify the main shortcomings in the domestic system of rationing the quality of natural waters, and to form appropriate proposals. For this purpose, the following tasks were set and solved: to review the methodological approaches to assessing and rationing the quality of natural waters used in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, to identify the main causes and shortcomings; to make proposals for improving the current system of water quality rationing. The result of this work is the conclusions about the lack of impact of the strategy operating in Russia in the development of schemes of complex use and protection of water objects, standards of permissible impact on water bodies, the appointment of permissible discharge limits in terms of maintaining and improving the water quality of natural water bodies. The reasons that led to this are indicated. The necessity of taking into account, in addition to the physical and chemical composition, also hydrobiological parameters is shown. It is concluded that instead of fisheries management standards, environmental standards should serve as the basis for target indicators of water quality of natural water bodies, which determine the well-being of humans and the stable functioning of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account regional factors. Proposals were made to adjust the methodological approaches to the implementation of this strategy. According to the authors, these proposals will speed up the solution of the main objectives of the strategy – the ecological improvement of water bodies, the preservation of unique aquatic ecosystems and the environmentally safe development of territories that previously experienced relatively small anthropogenic impacts (Eastern Siberia and the Far East)

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF FACTORS OF FORMATION OF QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATER OBJECTS BY THE METHOD OF MAIN COMPONENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RIVERS OF THE DNIEPER BASIN)

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Roman Ponomarenko ◽  
Leonid Plyatsuk ◽  
Josef Zat’ko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Main Components

The article analyzes the water quality of surface water bodies (on the example of rivers of the Dnieper basin) by the method of main components, identifies and interprets the main factors that form long-term variability of water quality of surface water bodies and make different contributions to the total variance. The research was carried out according to the samples of control water intake of the Dnieper River within the Basin Water Resources Management at 12 posts, for the period from 2011 to 2020. The leading factors were identified: plant and animal organisms (12…39 %), leaching of Fe- and Cu-containing minerals (10…29 %). The article shows that in the formation of the chemical composition of the water of the rivers of the studied region is determined by the factor of ion from the rocks on which the formation of the catchment. A factor characterizing the local conditions of river runoff formation has been identified - the process of groundwater discharge, which is manifested in changes in the concentrations of silicon and nitrates. In addition, a negative dependence of changes in the content of silicon ions and nitrates on temperature. The originality of the study is based on an integrated approach, which includes research based on available data in the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, which takes into account the principles of biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of water resources, river management and basins, monitoring and evaluation of their status. In the future, the proposed approach may be the subject of research in the direction of establishing factors that characterize the local conditions of formation of river runoff, including taking into account the man-made load on it.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects of assessment of the state of chemical pollution and water quality of surface waters in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (66) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
V Kozak ◽  
◽  
A Tovmachenko ◽  
M Gertsiuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Micro Pollutants

The main sources of chemical pollution of surface water bodies of Ukraine are shown and it is noted that the ecosystem of the environment and water resources, being under constant man-caused load, tend to steadily deteriorate the ecological condition. Methods for assessing the quality of surface waters using the maximum allowable concentrations of harmful substances in water and a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of surface water by integrated hydrochemical parameters are described. International approaches to the assessment of the state of surface water bodies are considered. It is noted that the most complete information on the state of the aquatic ecosystem can be obtained using a set of physicochemical and biological parameters. There are shortcomings in the monitoring of organic micro-pollutants in surface waters. The analysis of the international experience of determination of water quality and parameters of toxicological action of organic micro-pollutants with application of chemo-informative methods for modeling of an ecological condition of water systems is carried out.

scholarly journals Experience in Pilotless Aircrafts’ Application for Assessment of the Surface Water Bodies’ Bank State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Bank Protection ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Aircraft Application

Experience of the pilotless aircrafts application for decision of tasks connected with surface water bodies’ bank stripe condition and dynamics assessment has been discussed. In order to increase substantially the survey and subsequent estimations accurancy the use of reference points (markers) has been proposed, with determining of the plane and altitude coordinates with professional two-frequency GPS-GLONASS recievers in accordance with the standing regulating documants. This approach will enable to improve drastically quality of the obtained assessments and efficiency of the pilotless aircraft application. Analysis of the slope reforming intensity has been carried out at the range of the Kosva River right bank in the vicinity of the villige of Peremskoye on the basis of the 2017 field investigations outcomes. Such estimations are necessary for effective forecasting of bank changes dynamics, as well as for designing of any bank protection measures.

scholarly journals Effects of Dumping Solid Waste on Water Quality of Surface Water Bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Afshan Urooj ◽  
Rida Ilyas ◽  
Nimrud Humayun Humayun
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Water pollution has been a hot debate for government and scientists. in addition, protecting river water quality is exceedingly immediate because of serious water pollution and global scarcity of water reservoir. This study was conducted to assess the effect of solid waste dumping on surface water quality. In return to achieve this, water samples were obtained in different months from site. Below site was selected due to the dumps on surface water. Water parameters pH, turbidity conductivity and temperature were determined using pH/conductivity meter, Most the values are within the permissible limits, but all the samples do not fulfill WHO requirements, site may have effects on human health due to waterborne diseases and on soil fertility.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Rain Flood at the Adagum River on the Basis of Mathematical Models for Discharge Formation

2013 ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Discharge Formation ◽  
Water Quality Objectives

The authors developed and presented a method of setting objectives in terms of surface water bodies’ water quality; it was elaborated and specified in accordance with the results of its application at a number of river basins. An algorithm of water/protective measures prioritizing in a river basin on the basis of water quality objectives was proposed. Practical application of the proposed approaches was illustrated by examples from the Scheme of Water Bodies; Integrated Use and Protection for the Ob River basin.

scholarly journals WATER MONITORING IN UKRAINE: METHODS FOR ASSESSING WATER QUALITY FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGES IN THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK (2014-2021)

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
V.K. Khilchevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Chemical State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Altered Surface ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Over the past five years (2014-2021), there have been significant changes in regulatory methods for assessing water quality for various purposes, which is due to Ukraine’s course towards European integration. An important feature was the cancellation of the acts of sanitary legislation of the Ukrainian SSR and the USSR (from 01.01.2017), which were applied in Ukraine for a long time (order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 2016). The Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Implementation of Integrated Approaches in Water Resources Management Based on the Basin Principle” (2016) amended the Water Code of Ukraine regarding hydrographic zoning and water monitoring in accordance with the provisions of the EU Water Framework Directive. In 2018, by a resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the “Procedure for the implementation of state monitoring of waters” was approved. In 2019, the Ministry of Natural Resources of Ukraine approved the normative “Methodology for assigning a surface water array to one of the classes of the ecological and chemical states of a surface water array, as well as assigning an artificial or significantly altered surface water array to one of the classes of the ecological potential of an artificial or significantly altered surface water array” The objects of state monitoring of waters are land and ground water bodies and sea waters. Surface water body – a specially defined surface water body or part of it. The body of surface waters can be classified into one of five categories: 1) rivers; 2) lakes; 3) transitional waters; 4) coastal waters; 5) artificial or substantially altered surface water bodies. The program of state monitoring of waters provides for control over four groups of indicators: 1) biological; 2) physical and chemical; 3) chemical; 4) hydromorphological. Based on the data and information obtained as a result of the state monitoring of the waters of surface and groundwater bodies, the ecological and chemical state of the surface water bodies, the ecological potential of artificial or significantly altered surface water bodies, the quantitative and chemical state of the groundwater bodies are determined, taking into account which river basin management plans and assess the level of achievement of environmental objectives. The purpose of this study is to highlight the approaches that have developed at the present stage to the regulation of water quality for various purposes, the main of which are: environmental; hygienic (household and drinking and cultural and household or recreational water use), fishery. If, when assessing the quality of water for environmental purposes, a deviation from the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) was made, then in other areas of water use, the MPC standards remain relevant. The importance of this study also lies in the need to convey generalized information to a wide range of authors who are interested in water quality issues.

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