scholarly journals Improving the Algorithm for the Management of Patients with Viral Hepatitis Using Contrast-Free Hepatic Arterial Spin Labelling Magnetic Resonance Perfusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-283
Author(s):  
E. N. Simakina ◽  
T. G. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Mr Perfusion ◽  
Fibrotic Process ◽  
Spin Labelling

Objective: improving the algorithm for the management of patients with viral hepatitis using contrast-free arterial spin labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion.Material and methods. A total of 116 patients with viral hepatitis (VH) B, C and B + C were examined on the basis of Clinical hospital No. 1 (Smolensk): 75 (64.7%) men and 41 (35.3%) women, mean age 49.7 ± 2.3 years. The patients underwent instrumental diagnostic methods: ultrasound, clinical elastography, contrast-free hepatic ASL MR perfusion. Liver biopsy (n = 57) was used as the reference method.Results. The results of ASL MR perfusion had a high correlation with the data of clinical elastography in the diagnosis of fibrotic process; the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ASL liver perfusion in the diagnosis of fibrotic process was: AUROC 0.943 (95% CI, 0.884–0.953). There was a high correlation between ASL MR perfusion with Doppler ultrasound of hepatic blood vessels in the diagnosis of arterial blood flow disorders, but in VH В + C and cirrhosis – diagnostic and prognostic significance of the method: AUROC 0.951 (95% CI 0.932–0.972).Conclusion. ASL MR perfusion in VH patients allows to predict fibrotic changes in the hepatic parenchyma (AUROC 0.934 (95% CI 0.845–0.957)), provides information about changes in blood flow in the parenchymal structure (p < 0.005). The algorithm for the examination of VH patients should include contrast-free ASL MR perfusion at admission (AUROC 0.865 (95% CI 0.843–0.928)) and in dynamic follow-up (AUROC 0.915 (95% CI 0.881–0.946)).

scholarly journals Regional cerebral blood flow in late-life depression: arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance study

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean J. Colloby ◽  
Michael J. Firbank ◽  
Jiabao He ◽  
Alan J. Thomas ◽  
Akshya Vasudev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Spin Labelling

BackgroundA limited number of studies have demonstrated changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in older individuals with depression, but there are considerable inconsistencies between studies.AimsTo investigate changes in CBF using arterial spin labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in people with late-life depression and in a similarly aged healthy control group.MethodSixty-eight participants (30 healthy individuals, 38 with depression) underwent ASL and T1-weighted MRI scanning. For each individual, regional estimates of separate grey and white matter CBF were obtained. Group differences in CBF and their associations with clinical features were examined.ResultsSignificant increases were observed in white matter CBF in patients with depression relative to the control group (F1,65 = 9.7, P = 0.003). Grey matter CBF in lateral frontal, medial frontal, cingulate, central and parietal regions did not significantly differ between groups (F1,65≤2.1, P≥0.2). A significant correlation was found between white matter CBF and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores in depression (r’ =–0.42, P = 0.03). Further analyses revealed that compared with controls, significant elevation of white matter CBF was apparent in participants whose depression was in remission (n = 21, MADRS≤10, P = 0.001) but not in those with current depression (n = 17, MADRS≥11, P = 0.80).ConclusionsFindings suggest a compensatory response to white matter pathological change or a response to (or a predictor of) successful antidepressant treatment, perhaps by facilitating neurotransmission in specific circuits and so reducing depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Advanced magnetic resonance imaging of cortical laminar necrosis in patients with stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cannella ◽  
Gianvincenzo Sparacia ◽  
Vincenzina Lo Re ◽  
Elisa Oddo ◽  
Giuseppe Mamone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cortical Laminar Necrosis ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Cortical Laminar ◽  
Laminar Necrosis ◽  
Spin Labelling

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the novel advanced magnetic resonance imaging findings of acute stage cortical laminar necrosis developing after complicated cardiovascular or abdominal surgery. Materials and methods This institutional review board-approved study included patients with postoperative stroke due to cortical laminar necrosis imaged with magnetic resonance in the acute stage. Brain magnetic resonance imaging examinations were obtained on a 3T magnetic resonance scanner within 48 hours of the neurological symptoms, including diffusion-weighted images (b value, 1000 s/mm2) and arterial spin labelling using a pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling method in four patients. Conventional and advanced magnetic resonance images were analysed to assess the imaging features in acute stage cortical laminar necrosis. Results The final population consisted of 14 patients (seven men and seven women, mean age 61 years, range 32–79 years) diagnosed with stroke and acute phase cortical laminar necrosis. All the patients presented with cortical lesions showing restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images and hypointensity on the apparent diffusion coefficient map. Cortical hyperintensity on T2-weighted or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images was found in three (21%) and six (43%) patients, respectively. Reduced perfusion was noted in three out of four patients imaged with arterial spin labelling, while in one case no corresponding perfusion abnormality was noted on the arterial spin labelling maps. Arterial spin labelling abnormalities were much more extensive than diffusion restriction in two patients, and they were associated with a poor outcome. Conclusion Cortical hyperintense abnormalities on diffusion-weighted imaging may be the only sign of developing cortical laminar necrosis injury. The acquisition of arterial spin labelling helps to identify perfusion alterations and the extension of the ischaemic injury.

scholarly journals Quantitative blood flow measurement in rat brain with multiphase arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1557-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Larkin ◽  
Manon A Simard ◽  
Alexandre A Khrapitchev ◽  
James A Meakin ◽  
Thomas W Okell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Preclinical Mri ◽  
Invasive Measurement ◽  
Spin Labelling

Cerebral blood flow is an important parameter in many diseases and functional studies that can be accurately measured in humans using arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI. However, although rat models are frequently used for preclinical studies of both human disease and brain function, rat CBF measurements show poor consistency between studies. This lack of reproducibility is due, partly, to the smaller size and differing head geometry of rats compared to humans, as well as the differing analysis methodologies employed and higher field strengths used for preclinical MRI. To address these issues, we have implemented, optimised and validated a multiphase pseudo-continuous ASL technique, which overcomes many of the limitations of rat CBF measurement. Three rat strains (Wistar, Sprague Dawley and Berlin Druckrey IX) were used, and CBF values validated against gold-standard autoradiography measurements. Label positioning was found to be optimal at 45°, while post-label delay was optimised to 0.55 s. Whole brain CBF measures were 109 ± 22, 111 ± 18 and 100 ± 15 mL/100 g/min by multiphase pCASL, and 108 ± 12, 116 ± 14 and 122 ± 16 mL/100 g/min by autoradiography in Wistar, SD and BDIX cohorts, respectively. Tumour model analysis shows that the developed methods also apply in disease states. Thus, optimised multiphase pCASL provides robust, reproducible and non-invasive measurement of CBF in rats.

scholarly journals Perfusion magnetic resonance neuroimaging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Šehić ◽  
Fuad Julardžija ◽  
Merim Jusufbegović ◽  
Deniz Bulja ◽  
Hadžan Konjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Mr Perfusion ◽  
Endovascular Recanalization

The clinical appliance of perfusion is being continuously developed and it is closely related to technology development. The role of perfusion neuroimaging in the management of acute stroke has been to prove reduced regional blood flow and to give the contribution in the identification of ischemic areas, respectively the regions of hypoperfusion that can be treated by thrombolytic and/or endovascular recanalization therapy. There are two main approaches to the measurement of cerebral perfusion by magnetic resonance. The aim of this article is to compare different measuring approaches of MR perfusion neuroimaging.

Diagnostic role of ASL-perfusion of liver in magnetic resonance imaging in assessing risk of developing portal hypertension in patients with viral hepatitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
E. N. Simakina ◽  
T. G. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right

Objective. To establish the diagnostic role of ASL-perfusion of the liver in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the risk of portal hypertension in patients with viral hepatitis. Materials and methods. 109 patients with viral hepatitis were examined, including 69 (63.3 %) men and 40 (36.7 %) women, the average age of patients was 49.0 ± 2.3 years. All subjects (n = 109) underwent abdominal ultrasound with doppler vascular examination and clinical elastography, ASL-perfusion of the liver with MRI with an assessment of the volume of hepatic blood flow (HBF, ml/100 g/min).Results. The highest diagnostic and prognostic significance of ASL-perfusion for the liver is a targeted study of changes in the right lobe: for the right lobe, AUROC = 0.886 (95 % CI: 0.799–0.889); for the left, AUROC = 0.635 (95 % CI 0.627–0.641). The diagnostic and prognostic significance of ASLperfusion was evaluated in comparison with ultrasound with doppler vascular examination: AUROC = 0.991 (95 % CI: 0.880–0.993); AUROC = 0.801 (95 % CI: 0.776–0.804), respectively. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ASL – liver perfusion were evaluated.Conclusion. When performing ASL-perfusion of the liver, MRI should evaluate quantitative and qualitative criteria. Criteria for the prognosis of portal hypertension according to ASL- perfusion in MRI in patients with viral hepatitis: HBF 131–160 ml/100 g /min, red card – very high risk, HBF = 161–185 ml/100 g/min, red card – high, HBF = 40–130 ml/100 g/min, mixed card – medium; HBF = 131–160 ml/100 g/min, blue card-low risk (r = 0.883).

scholarly journals Cerebral perfusion changes in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia: a GENFI study

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 1108-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri J M M Mutsaerts ◽  
Saira S Mirza ◽  
Jan Petr ◽  
David L Thomas ◽  
David M Cash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Spin Labelling

Abstract Genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia are most commonly due to mutations in three genes, C9orf72, GRN or MAPT, with presymptomatic carriers from families representing those at risk. While cerebral blood flow shows differences between frontotemporal dementia and other forms of dementia, there is limited evidence of its utility in presymptomatic stages of frontotemporal dementia. This study aimed to delineate the cerebral blood flow signature of presymptomatic, genetic frontotemporal dementia using a voxel-based approach. In the multicentre GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI) study, we investigated cross-sectional differences in arterial spin labelling MRI-based cerebral blood flow between presymptomatic C9orf72, GRN or MAPT mutation carriers (n = 107) and non-carriers (n = 113), using general linear mixed-effects models and voxel-based analyses. Cerebral blood flow within regions of interest derived from this model was then explored to identify differences between individual gene carrier groups and to estimate a timeframe for the expression of these differences. The voxel-based analysis revealed a significant inverse association between cerebral blood flow and the expected age of symptom onset in carriers, but not non-carriers. Regions included the bilateral insulae/orbitofrontal cortices, anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and inferior parietal cortices, as well as the left middle temporal gyrus. For all bilateral regions, associations were greater on the right side. After correction for partial volume effects in a region of interest analysis, the results were found to be largely driven by the C9orf72 genetic subgroup. These cerebral blood flow differences first appeared approximately 12.5 years before the expected symptom onset determined on an individual basis. Cerebral blood flow was lower in presymptomatic mutation carriers closer to and beyond their expected age of symptom onset in key frontotemporal dementia signature regions. These results suggest that arterial spin labelling MRI may be a promising non-invasive imaging biomarker for the presymptomatic stages of genetic frontotemporal dementia.

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