scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA EXPRESSÃO IMUNOISTOQUIMICA DA PROTEÍNA P53 NO ADENOCARCINOMA COLORRETAL - REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Virgílio Ribeiro Guedes ◽  
Natália Ferreira Bueno ◽  
Victor Vargas de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Cristina da Silva Pranchevicius
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Gene Tp53 ◽  
Para Determinar

RESUMO Introdução: O carcinoma colorretal (CCR) é um tumor que se destaca por suas taxas de incidência e mortalidade no mundo. A maioria dos CRRs se desenvolve a partir de adenomas preexistentes devido a mutações genéticas acumuladas. As mutações no gene TP53 são as mais comuns encontradas nas neoplasias malignas humanas. Sua mutação pode levar ao acúmulo da proteína p53 nuclear, que pode ser vista por métodos de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ). Atualmente, o estadiamento anatomopatológico é principal método utilizado para determinar o prognóstico de pacientes com CCR. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico na base eletrônica PubMed utilizando os descritores: “colorectal cancer” and “p53 protein” and “immunohistochemistry”. Resultados: O CCR é um tumor com altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade no ocidente e oriente. A mutação no gene TP53 parece ser um precursor do CCR e leva ao acúmulo da p53 mutada, que é visível aos métodos de IHQ. A maioria das amostras de CCR apresentaram-se positivas para p53, o que determina um comportamento mais agressivo do tumor e também serve como um fator de prognóstico ruim. Sua superexpressão indica maior chance de metástases e redução da sobrevida. Uma vez que a mutação do TP53 é um evento precoce, a detecção precoce do CCR pode ser feita através da visualização de p53 acumulada sob IHQ. Alterações no gene TP53 são fatores de prognóstico ruim em vários tipos de câncer, incluindo o CCR. Outros marcadores e fenótipos se correlacionam com a p53 no desenvolvimento do CCR, como a vitamina D, o estrogênio e a progesterona. Por fim, em nosso estudo não foi detectado relação entre a expressão da p53, idade, gênero, invasão tumoral, e taxa de regressão. Conclusão: Pode-se inferir que o CCR é um câncer com taxas de incidência, prevalência e mortalidade significantes, e que a IHQ da p53 tem papel importante na detecção precoce e decisão do tratamento. Palavras-chave: Carcinoma colorretal; gene TP53; proteína p53; imuno-histoquímica. ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is well known for its incidence and mortality rate. Most of CRCs develops from colonic adenoma, that accumulates genetic mutations. TP53 gene’s mutations are the most common mutations found in human cancers. It’s mutation leads to nuclear p53 accumulation, which can be seen by immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. Method: A research was done in PubMed using the following words: “colorectal cancer” and “p53 protein” and “immunohistochemistry”. Resulted: The CRC is a tumor with high incidence and mortality rates in the west and in the east. A mutation in TP53 gene seems to be a precursor of the CRC and leads to the accumulation of mutated p53, seen by the IHC methods. Most of CRC samples presents positive p53, and its positivity determinate a more aggressive behavior of the tumor, leading to a poor prognosis. Its overexpression indicates bigger chances of metastasis and survival rate loss. Being an early event, TP53 mutation and the following p53 nuclear accumulation makes the detection of CRC easier by IHC methods. TP53 gene alterations are also poor prognosis factors in various types of cancer, including the CRC. Other marks and phenotypes correlate with p53 in the evolution of CRC, like the vitamin D, estrogen and progesterone. Lastly, it wasn’t detected the relation between age, gender, tumor invasion, neither regression rate. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the CRC is a cancer with significant incidence, prevalence and mortality rates, and that the IHC methods have an important role in the early detection and decision making. Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma; TP53 gene; p53 protein; immunohistochemistry.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Incidence and Mortality Rates for Colorectal Cancer by Tumor Location: 1975–2007

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1791-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda I. Phipps ◽  
John Scoggins ◽  
Mary Anne Rossing ◽  
Christopher I. Li ◽  
Polly A. Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends by Sex and Population Group in South Africa: 2002-2014.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lactatia Matsie Motsuku ◽  
Wenlong Carl Chen ◽  
Mazvita Molleen Muchengeti ◽  
Tamlyn Mac Quene ◽  
Patricia Kellett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Black Males ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract BackgroundSouth Africa (SA) has experienced a rapid transition in the Human Development Index (HDI) over the past decade, which had an effect on the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to provide CRC incidence and mortality trends by population group and sex in SA from 2002 to 2014.MethodsIncidence data were extracted from the South African National Cancer Registry and mortality data obtained from Statistics South Africa (STATS SA), for the period 2002 to 2014. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using the STATS SA mid-year population as the denominator and the Segi world standard population data for standardisation. A Joinpoint regression analysis was computed for the CRC ASIR and ASMR by population group and sex.ResultsA total of 33,232 incident CRC cases and 26,836 CRC deaths were reported during the study period. Of the CRC cases reported, 54% were males and 46% were females, and among deaths reported, 47% were males and 53% were females. Overall, there was a 2.5% annual average percentage change (AAPC) increase in ASIR from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.6- 4.5, p-value <0.001). For ASMR overall, there was 1.3% increase from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.1- 2.6, p-value <0.001). The ASIR and ASMR among population groups were stable, with the exception of the Black population group. The ASIR increased consistently at 4.3% for black males (95% CI: 1.9- 6.7, p-value <0.001) and 3.4% for black females (95% CI: 1.5- 5.3, p-value <0.001) from 2002 to 2014, respectively. Similarly, ASMR for black males and females increased by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.0- 6.5, p-value <0.001) and 3.4% (, 95%CI: 2.0- 4.8, p-value <0.01) from 2002 to 2014, respectively.ConclusionsThe disparities in the CRC incidence and mortality trends may reflect socioeconomic inequalities across different population groups in SA. The rapid increase in CRC trends among the Black population group is concerning and requires further investigation and increased efforts for cancer prevention, early screening and diagnosis, as well as better access to cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Recent advances in clinical practice: colorectal cancer chemoprevention in the average-risk population

Gut ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2244-2255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Chapelle ◽  
Myriam Martel ◽  
Esther Toes-Zoutendijk ◽  
Alan N Barkun ◽  
Marc Bardou
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies in Western countries. Its development is a multistep process that spans more than 15 years, thereby providing an opportunity for prevention and early detection. The high incidence and mortality rates emphasise the need for prevention and screening. Many countries have therefore introduced CRC screening programmes. It is expected, and preliminary evidence in some countries suggests, that this screening effort will decrease CRC-related mortality rates. CRC prevention involves a healthy lifestyle and chemoprevention—more specifically, oral chemoprevention that can interfere with progression from a normal colonic mucosa to adenocarcinoma. This preventive effect is important for individuals with a genetic predisposition, but also in the general population. The ideal chemopreventive agent, or combination of agents, remains unknown, especially when considering safety during long-term use. This review evaluates the evidence across 80 meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies of CRC prevention using medications, vitamins, supplements and dietary factors. This review suggests that the following factors are associated with a decreased incidence of CRC: aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, magnesium, folate, a high consumption of fruits and vegetables, fibre and dairy products. An increased incidence of CRC was observed with frequent alcohol or meat consumption. No evidence of a protective effect for tea, coffee, garlic, fish and soy products was found. The level of evidence is moderate for aspirin, β-carotene and selenium, but is low or very low for all other exposures or interventions.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts of colorectal cancer and their markers: updates, challenges and translational outlook

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (29) ◽  
pp. 2329-2344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marahaini Musa ◽  
Adli Ali
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Marker Detection ◽  
Efficient Screening ◽  
Marker Identification

Accumulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment is associated with poor prognosis and recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite their prominent roles in colorectal carcinogenesis, there is a lack of robust and specific markers to classify the heterogeneous and highly complex CAF populations. This has resulted in confusing and misleading definitions of CAFs in cancer niche. Advancements in molecular biology approaches have open doors to reliable CAF marker detection methods in various solid tumors. These discoveries would contribute to more efficient screening, monitoring and targeted therapy of CRC thus potentially will reduce cancer morbidity and mortality rates. This review highlights current scenarios, dilemma, translational potentials of CAF biomarker and future therapeutic applications involving CAF marker identification in CRC.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates Among New York City Adults Ages 20–54 years during 1976–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kellie C Van Beck ◽  
John Jasek ◽  
Kristi Roods ◽  
Jennifer J Brown ◽  
Shannon M Farley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
New York State ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates are rising in younger Americans and mortality rates are increasing among younger white Americans. We used New York State Cancer Registry data to examine New York City CRC incidence and mortality trends among adults ages 20–54 years by race from 1976 to 2015. Annual percent change (APC) was considered statistically significant at P less than .05 using a two-sided test. CRC incidence increased among those ages 20–49 years, yet blacks had the largest APC of 2.2% (1993–2015; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4% to 3.1%) compared with 0.5% in whites (1976–2015; 95% CI = 0.2% to 0.7%). Among those aged 50–54 years, incidence increased among blacks by 0.8% annually (1976–2015; 95% CI = 0.4% to 1.1%), but not among whites. CRC mortality decreased among both age and race groups. These findings emphasize the value of local registry data to understand trends locally, the importance of timely screening, and the need for clinicians to consider CRC among all patients with compatible signs and symptoms.

scholarly journals Membranous CD44v6 is upregulated as an early event in colorectal cancer: Downregulation is associated with circulating tumor cells and poor prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agapi Kataki ◽  
Vassilis Giannakoulis ◽  
Anastasia Derventzi ◽  
Konstantinos Papiris ◽  
Eythimios Koniaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Early Event

scholarly journals Improvement In Colorectal Cancer Outcomes Over Time is Limited To Patients With Left-Sided Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Rumpold ◽  
Monika Hackl ◽  
Andreas Petzer ◽  
Dominik Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Cancer Outcomes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Primary Tumor Location ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose: Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) declined over the last decades. However, survival depends on the primary tumor location. It is unknown if all progress in outcomes vary depending on left-sided (LCRC) versus right sided (RCC) colorectal cancer. We compare incidence and mortality rates over time according to the primary tumor location. Methods: Data from the Austrian National Cancer Registry spanning from 1983 to 2018 were used to calculate annual incidence and mortality rates and survival stratified by primary tumor localization and stage. Joinpoint regression with linear regression models were used on different subgroups to identify significant changes of incidence- and mortality slopes.Results: A total of 168,260 (incidence-data set) and 87,355 cases (mortality data-set) were identified. Survival of disseminated RCC was worse compared to LCRC (HR 1.14; CI 1.106 – 1.169). Total and LCRC incidence- and mortality-rates declined steadily over time, whereas the rates of RCC did not. Incidence of disseminated RCC declined significantly less (slope -0.07; CI -0.086; -0.055) than in LCRC (slope -0.159; CI -0.183; -0.136); mortality rate of RCC was unchanged over time. Incidence and mortality of localized RCC remained unchanged over time, whereas both rates declined independently of stage in LCRC. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer outcomes during the last 35 years have preferentially improved in LCRC but not in RCC, indicating that the progress made is limited to LCRC. It is necessary to define RCC as a distinct form of CRC and to focus on specific strategies for its early detection and treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document