scholarly journals The Sea Urchin (Echinoidea) from Panjang Island Water, Bangka Belitung Province

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Lubis ◽  
Rofiza Yolanda ◽  
Arief Anthonius Purnama ◽  
Ria Karno
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Reef Flat ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Individual Number ◽  
Diadema Setosum

This study has been conducted from May to July 2016 in Panjang island, Bangka Tengah District,Bangka Belitung Province. The aims of this study was to evaluate the species of sea urchins by usingsurvey method at four sites. Sampling was done by using a square transect of 50 x 50 m. A total of868 individuals of sea urchin belonging to 2 species were recorded in this study, namely Diademasetosum and Echinothrix calamaris. D. setosum was the most abundant in individual number (828individuals) meanwhile E. calamaris only 40 individuals.Keywords: Diadema setosum, Echi nothrix calamaris, reef flat

Description of Idiomysis diadema sp. nov. (Mysida, Mysidae, Anisomysini), associated with Diadema urchins in the Red Sea; with nomenclatorial notes on its genus

Crustaceana ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl J. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Reef Flat ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Species Inventory ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Gender Attribution ◽  
Current Species ◽  
Antennal Scale ◽  
Diadema Setosum

The mysid Idiomysis diadema sp. nov. is described from small swarms hovering between the spines of the sea urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) at the reef flat of Dahab, Red Sea. The most striking characters within its genus are the subdivided antennal scale, endopod of uropods longer than exopod, and a pair of minute spines on the terminal margin of the telson. With this first description, a total of six Idiomysis species are now known, two of which are associated with cnidarians and only the new one with echinoids. An updated definition is given for the genus Idiomysis W. M. Tattersall, 1922, in order to match the current species inventory. To avoid previously incorrect and ambivalent gender attribution, I propose using the feminine gender for this genus throughout. Consequently, the spelling of two of its taxa, I. mozambica Deprez, Wooldridge & Mees, 2001, and I. robusta Connell, 2008, is changed.

scholarly journals Distribution of Sea Urchins in Punta Dumalag, Matina Aplaya, Davao City

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Marnie Grace I. Sonico
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Echinometra Mathaei ◽  
Diadema Setosum ◽  
Physicochemical Measurements

This study investigated the distribution and diversity of sea urchins along the intertidal zone of Punta Dumalag, Matina Aplaya, Davao City. A total of 100 quadrats (1m x 1 m) spaced 5 m apart, in 3 transects laid perpendicular to the shoreline, recorded a total of 347 individuals, resolved into 5 species, namely, Echinometra mathaei (rock- boring or common sea urchin), Echinothrix calamaris (Hatpin urchin), Diadema setosum (long-spine or “tuyom”), Prionocidaris verticillata (rough spine urchin), and Diadema savignyi. Among the 347 individuals recorded, Echinometra mathaei was the most abundant in the site with a total of 286 individuals. Shannon-Weiner Diversity Analysis (0.602) suggests low species diversity. Physicochemical measurements such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity revealed that the study site is suitable for the culture of sea urchins. Read full article here.

scholarly journals Jenis-Jenis Bintang Laut Dan Bulu Babi (Asteroidea, Echinoidea: Echinodermata) Di Perairan Pulau Cilik, Kepulauan Karimunjawa

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Retno Hartati ◽  
Endika Meirawati ◽  
Sri Redjeki ◽  
Ita Riniatsih ◽  
Robertus Triaji Mahendrajaya
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Linckia Laevigata ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Abstract Types of Star Fish and Sea Urchins (Asteroidea, Echinoidea: Echinodermata) In Cilik Island, Karimunjawa WatersEchinoderms are fundamentally good indicators of health and status of coralline communities in marine waters.  Substrat of  sandy, rububle and coral reefs are good habitat for Asteroidea dan Echinoidea.  This study aim to identify sea star (Asteroidea) and sea urchin (Echinoidea) species from Pulau Cilik waters of Karimunjawa Islands. Asteroidea and Echinoidea observed using the line transect method used, ie subjects within the same distance between the transect and the transect square with observations of 2.5 m on the right and left of transect line line. Morphology, habitat type (substrate & depth) and total number of sea stars and sea urchins at each station were determined. The results showed that Pulau Cilik has six species of Asteroidea (Sea star), ie Linckia laevigata, L. multifora, Neoferdifla ocellata (Family Ophidiasteridae), Luidia alternate (Luidiidae Family), Culcita novaeguineae (Family Oreasteridae) and Acanthaster planci which belongs to Family Acanthasteridae. There were 4 species of Echinoidea Sea urchin) found, i.e. Diadema setosum, D. antillarum, D. savignyi and Echinothrix calamaris, which all were family members of Diadematidae Keywords: Ophidiasteridae, Luidiidae, Oreasteridae, Acanthasteridae, Diadematidae AbstrakEchinodermata pada dasarnya merupakan indikator kesehatan dan status dari terumbu karang di laut. Dasar perairan yang landai dengan substrat pasir, terumbu karang dan pecahan karang yang merupakan habitat bagi hewan jenis Asteroidea dan Echinoidea. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi henis-jenis bitang laut dan bulu babi dari perairan Pulau Cilik, Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Pengamatan Asteroidea dan Echinoidea menggunakan metoda line transect yang dimodifikasi, yaitu mengamati subjek dalam jarak yang sama sepanjang garis transect dan kuadrat transect dengan pengamatan 2,5 m di sebelah kanan dan kiri garis line transect. Morfologi, tipe habitat (substrat & kedalaman) dan jumlah total bintang laut dan bulu babi di tiap stasiun dicatat selanjutnya sampel diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri morfologi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di perairan Pulau Cilik ditemukan enam spesies Asteroidea (Bintang Laut), yaitu Linckia laevigata, L. multifora, Neoferdifla ocellata (Famili Ophidiasteridae), Luidia alternate (Famili Luidiidae), Culcita novaeguineae (Famili Oreasteridae) dan Acanthaster planci yang termasuk dalam Famili Acanthasteridae. Species Echinoidea (Bulu Babi) ditemukan 4 spesies  Diadema setosum, D. antillarum, D. savignyi dan Echinothrix calamaris  semua anggota famili Diadematidae.Kata kunci : Ophidiasteridae, Luidiidae, Oreasteridae, Acanthasteridae, Diadematidae

scholarly journals ASPEK REPRODUKSI BULU BABI (Sea Urchin) DI PERAIRAN PULAU MENJANGAN KECIL, KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA, JEPARA (Aspects Reproduction of Sea Urchin in the Waters of Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa Islands, Jepara)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-571
Author(s):  
Indrie Hapsari Puspitaningtyas ◽  
Siti Rudiyanti ◽  
Bambang Sulardiono
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Gonad Maturity ◽  
Hard Coral Cover ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Gugusan terumbu karang yang terdapat di Kepulauan Karimunjawa termasuk ke dalam gugusan terumbu karang tepi dengan kisaran penutupan karang keras antara 6,7% - 68,9% dan indeks keragaman berkisar antara 0,43 - 0,91. Salah satu biota yang berasosiasi di ekosistem terumbu karang adalah bulu babi, yang merupakan biota filum echinodermata yang tersebar dari daerah intertidal dangkal hingga ke laut dalam. Gonad bulu babi di pasaran dikenal sebagai uni atau roe merupakan makanan populer dan salah satu komoditi utama di beberapa negara seperti Amerika Serikat, Kanada, Chili, Rusia, Prancis, Barbados dan Jepang. Penangkapan hingga overfishing menjadi masalah utama di berbagai negara, yang  akan mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah populasi bulu babi di perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pulau Menjangan Kecil, Karimunjawa pada bulan Mei 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aspek reproduksi bulu babi melalui nilai IKG, nilai TKG, dan Fekunditas Bulu Babi di Pulau Menjangan Kecil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu, tahap sampling lapangan yang terdiri dari pengambilan sampel bulu babi, dengan metode acak menggunakan kuadran transek, dan pengukuran kualitas perairan. Tahap analisis laboratorium yang terdiri dari analisis Indeks Kematangan Gonad, Tingkat Kematangan Gonad, dan Fekunditas. Penelitian ini ada dua spesies yang ditemukan di lokasi sampling yaitu Diadema setosum dan Echinothrix calamaris. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk bulu babi jenis Diadema setosum nilai IKG berkisar antara 1,66% - 4,26% dan fekunditas berkisar antara 641 butir – 1.087 butir dan bulu babi jenis Echinothrix calamaris nilai IKG berkisar antara 5,32% - 7,54% dan fekunditas berkisar antara 1.159 butir – 2.192 butir, sedangkan nilai TKG kedua jenis bulu babi berada pada fase 5 (lima) yaitu tahap memijah.  The coral reefs found in the Karimunjawa Islands are included in the cluster of coral reefs with hard coral cover ranges between 6.7% - 68.9% and the diversity index ranges from 0.43 to 0.91. One of the associated biota in the coral reef ecosystem is the sea urchin, which is an echinodermata physiological biota scattered from the shallow intertidal region to the deep sea. The sea urchin gonad on the market is known as uni or roe is a popular food and one of the main commodities in some countries such as USA, Canada, Chile, Russia, France, Barbados and Japan. Overfishing is a major problem in many countries, which will lead to a decrease in the number of sea urchin populations. This research was conducted in Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa in May 2017. The purpose of this research is to know the reproductive aspect of the sea urchin through IKG value, TKG value, and Fecundity of sea urchin on Menjangan Kecil Island. This research was conducted in two stages, field sampling stage consisting of sampling of sea urchins, by random method using transect quadrant, and measurement of water quality. Phase of laboratory analysis consisting of Gonad Maturity Index analysis, Gonad Maturity Level, and Fecundity. The study used only two species found at the sampling site is Diadema setosum and Echinothrix calamaris. The results obtained for Diadema setosum type IKG ranged from 1.66% - 4.26% and fecundity ranged from 641 grains - 1.087 grains and Echinothrix calamaris type IKG in the range of 5.32% - 7.54% and fecundity ranges from 1,159 grains - 2,192 grains, while the TKG value of both types of sea urchins is in phase 5 (five) or spawning phase.

Evidence for Association of Vibrio Echinoideorum with Tissue Necrosis on Body Shell of the Green Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Droebachiensis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hira ◽  
Klara Stensvåg
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Droebachiensis ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Green Sea Urchin

Abstract “Sea urchin lesion syndrome” is known as sea urchins disease with the progressive development of necrotic epidermal tissue and loss of external organs, including appendages on the outer body surface. Recently, a novel strain, Vibrio echinoideorum has been isolated from the lesions of green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis), an economically important mariculture species in Norway. V. echinoideorum has not been reported elsewhere in association of with green sea urchin lesion syndrome. Therefore, in this study, an immersion based bacterial challenge experiment was performed to expose sea urchins (wounded and non-wounded) to V. echinoideorum, thereby mimicking a nearly natural host-pathogen interaction under controlled conditions. This infection experiment demonstrated that only the injured sea urchins developed the lesion to a significant degree when exposed to V. echinoideorum. Pure cultures of the employed bacterial strain was recovered from the infected animals and its identity was confirmed by the MALDI-TOF MS spectra profiling. Additionally, the hemolytic phenotype of V. echinoideorum substantiated its virulence potential towards the host, and this was also supported by the cytolytic effect on red spherule cells of sea urchins. Furthermore, the genome sequence of V. echinoideorum was assumed to encode potential virulence genes and were subjected for in silico comparison with the established virulence factors of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio tasmaniensis. This comparative virulence profile provided novel insights about virulence genes and their putative functions related to chemotaxis, adherence, invasion, evasion of the host immune system, and damage of host tissue and cells. Thus, it supports the pathogenicity of V. echinoideorum. In conclusion, the interaction of V. echinoideorum with injured sea urchins appears to be essential for the development of lesion syndrome and therefore, revealing its potentiality as an opportunistic pathogen.

Host use pattern and life history of Liopetrolisthes mitra, a crab associate of the black sea urchin Tetrapygus niger

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Baeza ◽  
M. Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Average Density ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Use Pattern

The porcellanid crab Liopetrolisthes mitra is a common associate of the black sea urchin, Tetrapygus niger in north central Chile. The host-use pattern, population dynamics and reproductive pattern of L. mitra on sea urchins were examined between January 1996 and February 1997. Each month, between 60 and 95 per cent of all collected urchins hosted crabs, with the highest frequency of cohabitation occurring during the austral summer (January to March). Group sizes of crabs on individual urchins ranged from 1 to 25 crabs per host. The average density of crabs on the urchins ranged from 2 to 5.5 crabs per host. Large urchins were inhabited by crabs more frequently than small urchins but urchin size had no effect on the number or size of crabs. The sex ratio of adult crabs was ˜1:1 during most months. Reproduction occurred throughout the year but was most intense during the austral spring and summer (October to March), when the highest percentage of ovigerous females were found. Similarly, recruitment of L. mitra occurred throughout the year but reached a peak during austral summer and early autumn (January to May). All life stages of L. mitra including recently settled megalopae and reproductive adults were found on urchins. Size–frequency analysis indicated that many crabs live >1.5 years. The results of this study confirm that the association between L. mitra and T. niger is strong and persists throughout the benthic life of the commensal crab.

scholarly journals Effects of five southern California macroalgal diets on consumption, growth, and gonad weight, in the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C Foster ◽  
Jarrett E Byrnes ◽  
Daniel C Reed
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Gonad Weight ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin

Consumer growth and reproductive capacity are direct functions of diet. Strongylocentrotid sea urchins, the dominant herbivores in California kelp forests, strongly prefer giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), but are highly catholic in their ability to consume other species. The biomass of Macrocystis fluctuates greatly in space and time and the extent to which urchins can use alternate species of algae or a mixed diet of multiple algal species to maintain fitness when giant kelp is unavailable is unknown. We experimentally examined the effects of single and mixed species diets on consumption, growth and gonad weight in the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Urchins were fed single species diets consisting of one of four common species of macroalgae (the kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Pterygophora californica, and the red algae Chondracanthus corymbiferus and Rhodymenia californica (hereafter referred to by genus) or a mixed diet containing all four species ad libitum over a 13-week period in a controlled laboratory setting. Urchins fed Chondracanthus, Macrocystis and a mixed diet showed the highest growth (in terms of test diameter, wet weight and jaw length) and gonad weight while urchins fed Pterygophora and Rhodymenia showed the lowest. Urchins consumed their preferred food, Macrocystis at the highest rate when offered a mixture, but consumed Chondracanthus or Macrocystis at similar rates when the two algae were offered alone. The differences in urchin feeding behavior and growth observed between these diet types suggest the relative availability of the algae tested here could affect urchin populations and their interactions with the algal assemblage. The fact that the performance of urchins fed Chondracanthus was similar or higher than those fed the preferred Macrocystis suggests purple sea urchins could sustain growth and reproduction during times of low Macrocystis abundance as is common following large wave events.

scholarly journals Contrasting recruitment seasonality of sea urchin species in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GARCIA-SANZ ◽  
P. G. NAVARRO ◽  
F. TUYA
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Arbacia Lixula

Despite sea-urchins can play an important role affecting the community structure of subtidal bottoms, factors controlling the dynamics of sea-urchin populations are still poorly understood. We assessed the seasonal variation in recruitment of three sea-urchin species (Diadema africanum, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula) at Gran Canaria Island (eastern Atlantic) via monthly deployment of artificial collectors throughout an entire annual cycle on each of four adjacent habitat patches (seagrasses, sandy patches, ‘urchin-grazed’ barrens and macroalgal-dominated beds) within a shallow coastal landscape. Paracentrotus lividus and A. lixula had exclusively one main recruitment peak in late winter-spring. Diadema africanum recruitment was also seasonal, but recruits appeared in late summer-autumn, particularly on ‘urchin-grazed’ barrens with large abundances of adult conspecifics. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated non-overlapping seasonal recruitment patterns of the less abundant species (P. lividus and A. lixula) with the most conspicuous species (D. africanum) in the study area.

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