Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Vegetarians in Malaysia

The prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown in Malaysian vegetarians. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among vegetarians in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor and its associated factors. The data on socio-demographic characteristics, vegetarianism practices, lifestyle behaviours, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and blood lipid profiles were collected from 273 vegetarians. A majority of the respondents were lacto-ovo vegetarians (44.0%), females (64.8%) and Chinese (54.9%). The prevalence of MetS was 24.2%. High BP (48.7%) and high WC (43.6%) were the most common MetS components. Females had lower WC, SBP, DBP, FBG, TG and higher HDL-c (p < 0.05) as compared to males. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that advancing in age (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.06), and overweight and obesity (OR = 7.90, 95% CI: 4.13-15.11) were the risk factors of MetS after adjusted for sex. This study found that one in four vegetarians had MetS. The present findings emphasize the need to focus among vegetarians with older age. An intervention program to reduce BMI should be established among vegetarians, especially among those vegetarians who were overweight and obese.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Vegetarians in Malaysia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15092031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2031 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yuan Ching ◽

Yit Chin ◽

Mahenderan Appukutty ◽

Wan Gan ◽

Vasudevan Ramanchadran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cross Sectional

The prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown in Malaysian vegetarians. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among vegetarians in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor and its associated factors. The data on socio-demographic characteristics, vegetarianism practises, lifestyle behaviours, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and blood lipid profiles were collected from 273 vegetarians. A majority of the respondents were lacto-ovo vegetarians (44.0%), females (64.8%) and Chinese (54.9%). The prevalence of MetS was 24.2%. High BP (48.7%) and high WC (43.6%) were the most common MetS components. Females had lower WC, SBP, DBP, FBG, TG and higher HDL-c (p < 0.05) as compared to males. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being overweight and obese (Odds Ratio (OR) = 7.74, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 4.04–14.82) was the main risk factor of MetS after being adjusted for sex and age. This study found that one in four vegetarians had MetS. An intervention programme should be developed to reduce Body Mass Index (BMI) among vegetarians, especially among those who are found to be overweight and obese.

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Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4609-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel ◽

Kalayou Kidanu Berhe ◽

Desta Siyoum Belay ◽

Berihu Hailu Kidanu ◽

Assefa Iyasu Negash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to assess magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study design was used. Binary logistic regression model was used. Result A total of 419 respondents (208 males and 211 females) were enrolled; the mean age was 56.39 (SD 10.18), 51.1% of the respondents had metabolic syndrome according to international diabetes federation. Sex and age were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) 1.93 (1.057, 3.533) and 1.04 (1.012, 1.072)] respectively. Regular physical exercise, overweight and obesity were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) 1.84 (1.002, 3.362), 2.68 (1.518, 4.747) and 3.55 (1.254, 10.074)] respectively. To conclude, Magnitude of metabolic syndrome was high. The associated factors for metabolic syndrome are physical inactivity, inadequate intake of fruits, family history, overweight, and obesity.

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Melatonin and cryptochrome 2 in metabolic syndrome patients with or without diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1515/hmbci-2018-0016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ibrahim Abdul Kareem Al-Sarraf ◽

Violet Kasabri ◽

Amal Akour ◽

Randa Naffa

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

P Value ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cryptochrome 2

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors which increases the chances for future cardiovascular diseases, as well as diabetes. The underlying causes of MetS include overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and genetic factors. Our intension here was to focus in this study on the importance of the chronobiology, represented by melatonin (MT) and cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), in developing MetS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, we aimed to compare MT and CRY2 plasma levels and correlate both biomarkers with adiposity, atherogenicity and hematological indices in MetS and T2DM cohorts. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 28 normoglycemic lean subjects (controls), 29 normoglycemic MetS subjects and 30 MetS (pre-diabetic/diabetic) were recruited. Results MT (pg/mL) was elevated significantly in MetS arm p-value < 0.05, whereas CRY2 levels (ng/mL) were markedly higher in both MetS groups (non-diabetic and pre-diabetic/diabetic) (all with p-value < 0.001). A reciprocal MT-CRY2 relationship was observed in the MetS (non-diabetic) group (p-value = 0.003). Of note in the total study population, both MT and CRY2 proportionally correlated with each of the following: atherogenicity index of plasma (AIP), waist circumference (WC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (all with p-value < 0.05) for MT and CRY2, respectively). Whereas MT correlated inversely with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p-value < 0.05). Additionally, CRY2 correlated directly with each of the following: diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), hip circumference (HC), body adiposity index (BAI), weight-to-height (WHtR) ratio, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion These findings substantiate that both metabolic risk biomarkers can be prognostic tools and pharmacotherapeutic targets to slowdown the accelerated nature of T2DM.

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Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.10927/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel ◽

Kalayou Kidanu Berhe ◽

Desta Siyoum Belay ◽

Berihu Hailu Kidanu ◽

Assefa Iyasu Negash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Abstract Abstract Objective : The objective of this study was to assess magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study design was used. Binary logistic regression model was used. Result : A total of 419 respondents (208 males and 211 females) were enrolled; the mean age was 56.39 (SD 10.18), 51.1% of the respondents had metabolic syndrome according to international diabetes federation. Sex and age were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) = 1.93(1.057, 3.533) and 1.04 (1.012, 1.072)] respectively. Regular physical exercise, overweight and obesity were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) =1.84 (1.002, 3.362), 2.68 (1.518, 4.747) and 3.55 (1.254, 10.074)] respectively. To conclude, Magnitude of metabolic syndrome was high. The associated factors for metabolic syndrome are physical inactivity, inadequate intake of fruits, family history, overweight, and obesity. Key words : Ethiopia, Associated Factors, Magnitude, Metabolic syndrome

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Association of microalbuminuria with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-020-00634-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muntakim Mahmud Saadi ◽

Manindra Nath Roy ◽

Rubena Haque ◽

Farida Akhter Tania ◽

Shakil Mahmood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Early Stage ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and aims The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of microalbuminuria and examine the association of microalbuminuria with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its component in a Bangladeshi adult cohort. Methods This cross-sectional study included 175 subjects (84 males and 91 females; aged 19–59 years), recruited from the outdoor Department of Medicine and Endocrinology of a medical college hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Lipid profile and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured in serum and albumin and creatinine were determined in urine samples. Microalbuminuria was defined as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 to 300 mg/g. The MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NECP). The association of microalbuminuria with MetS and its components was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Among the study subjects, 66.3% were hypertensive and 70.3% were diabetic individuals. Overall, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was 29.7% with 31% in males and 28.6% in females. Microalbuminuria was 2.6 fold higher in hypertensive and diabetic adults than in the non-hypertensive or non-diabetic adults. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was much more frequent in persons with the MetS (36.0%) than the persons without the MetS (5.4%). The levels of FBG, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglycerides were significantly higher (p < 0.01 for all cases) in subjects with microalbuminuria. In regression analysis, after adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index, microalbuminuria was strongly correlated with MetS followed by elevated BP and FBG (p < 0.01 for all cases). Conclusions Microalbuminuria was strongly associated with MetS in Bangladeshi adults. Elevated BP and FBG were the most predominant components of MetS among the study subjects. Comprehensive management of MetS at its early stage can be effective to prevent and reduce the progression of kidney injury and cardiovascular complications.

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Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.10927/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel ◽

Kalayou Kidanu Berhe ◽

Desta Siyoum Belay ◽

Berihu Hailu Kidanu ◽

Assefa Iyasu Negash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

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Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome and its individual components among adolescents

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v9i1.20383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Getabalew Endazenaw Bekel ◽

Gloria Thupayagale-Tshweneagae

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Waist Circumference ◽

High Level

Metabolic syndrome is a growing health problem that affects the whole population including adolescents due to change in lifestyles. It is strongly associated with different lifestyle behavioral factors. The objective of the study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. School based cross-sectional study design was used. The sample size for this study was 844 and 8 high schools were randomly selected from Addis Ababa city Administration. Simple random sampling technique was used to select each participant. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 and descriptive summary statistics produced to present the findings. In this study among the components of metabolic syndrome, the highest prevalence was observed in high level of fasting blood glucose level 57.8%, followed by high waist circumference 32.2%. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome from the total study participants was 12.4%. Smoking, alcohol intake, performing vigorous or modern physical activity, body mass index and time spent for sedentary activities were factors which had significant association with individual metabolic abnormalities. In conclusions the magnitude of metabolic syndrome is common problem of adolescents in the study area.

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Magnesium intake and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011002941 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 693-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

Sakineh Shab-Bidar ◽

Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with dietary intakes of Mg in Tehran adults.DesignIn a cross-sectional study, dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable FFQ. MetS was defined according to the modified guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Waist circumference (WC) was coded according to the newly introduced cut-off points for Iranian adults (≥95 cm for both genders).SettingParticipants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2008).SubjectsAdults (n2504; 1120 men and 1384 women) aged 18–74 years.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 40·8 (sd14·6) years and 38·2 (sd13·5) years for men and women, respectively. The reported mean intake of Mg was 349 (sd109) mg/d. After adjustment for confounding factors, dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with fasting blood glucose (β= −0·08,P= 0·006), TAG (β= −0·058,P= 0·009) and WC (β= −0·013,P= 0·006); however, there were no associations between dietary Mg and diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure or HDL cholesterol. An association was observed between MetSZ-score and Mg intake (crudeβ= −0·017,P= 0·001), independent of age, gender, smoking, physical activity and BMI; this association was attenuated following further adjustment for dietary factors and menopausal status (β= −0·034,P= 0·061).ConclusionsOur findings suggest a significant inverse association between dietary Mg, MetS and its components.

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Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.10927/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel ◽

Kalayou Kidanu Berhe ◽

Desta Siyoum Belay ◽

Berihu Hailu Kidanu ◽

Assefa Iyasu Negash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study design was used. Binary logistic regression was used and all independent variables were analyzed to test the association with dependent variable. Finally, in multivariable analysis statistical association was declared at P-value <0.05. Result A total of 420 respondents (208 males and 211 females) were enrolled; the mean age was 56.36 (SD 10.18), 51.1% of the respondents had metabolic syndrome according to international diabetes federation. Sex and age were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) = 1.93(1.057, 3.533) and 1.04 (1.012, 1.072)] respectively. Regular physical exercise, overweight and obesity were statistically associated with metabolic syndrome with [AOR (95% CI) =1.84 (1.002, 3.362), 2.68 (1.518, 4.747) and 3.55 (1.254, 10.074)] respectively. To conclude, Magnitude of metabolic syndrome was high. The associated factors for metabolic syndrome are physical inactivity, inadequate intake of fruits, family history, overweight, and obesity.

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Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1639

Author(s):

Zhongyao Li ◽

Dongqing Wang ◽

Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽

Karen E. Peterson ◽

Hannia Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Regression Models ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Costa Rican ◽

Least Square ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

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