scholarly journals Efficacy Evaluation of Skin Care ProductsUsing PhabrOmeter

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Pan ◽  
Melissa Lum ◽  
Brian Tran
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
American Association ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Performance Specifications ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Skin Samples

Current instrumental technology in evaluating performance of skin care creams is still rather limited and there are no industrial standard testing equipment, method and performance specifications for it.  In this paper, we report our attempt in using an instrument called PhabrOmeter for this purpose. PhabrOmeter is a commercialized instrument for sensory performance evaluation of textiles, leather, paper and nonwoven and has been designated by American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) as a standard test method for textiles, AATCC TM 202 in 2013.    By adopting artificial skin samples treated with skin care creams, we have developed a procedure to apply this instrument for evaluation of skin care creams from sample preparation, measurement to data analysis and interpretation. The results using commercial skin care creams to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of this instrument are provided.

scholarly journals Best practices for selection and application of firefighting foam

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 00014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rakowska
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Immiscible Liquids ◽  
Performance Effectiveness ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inappropriate Choice

The article provides studies concerning the selection for the usage of firefighting foam in the aspect of human, property, environmental safety and sustainable development. Foam concentrates are products of the chemical industry, which, due to the type of raw materials, technology, usage method and waste disposal involved, are an important element of the industrial and environmental safety. Considering the range of extinguishing concentrates available on the market, with their different scope and performance effectiveness, it is necessary to responsibly plan purchases of required extinguishing agents. For testing all types of firefighting foam agent: synthetic, aqueous film forming, protein, fluoroprotein and fluoroprotein film forming concentrates were used. The standard test method ISO 7203-1:2011 for low-expansion foams used for the control, extinction and inhibition of reignition of fires of water-immiscible liquids was applied. The use of an appropriately selected and properly concentrated firefighting foam to extinguish a fire allows decreasing the duration of the fire and its consequences for the environment. The amount of used extinguishing agents will be substantially smaller. In the article the impact of considered use of firefighting foams on their effectiveness and potential dangers resulting from an inappropriate choice was shown.

Estimation of Most Frequent Conditions and Performance Evaluation of Three Photovoltaic Technology Modules

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birinchi Bora ◽  
O. S. Sastry ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Renu ◽  
Manander Bangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Accurate Design ◽  
Data Points ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Operating Cell

In this paper, a performance evaluation technique using most frequent conditions (MFC) for accurate design of photovoltaic systems, based on energy rating and site-specific standards is reported. Most frequent conditions are estimated for the three different technologies: multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si), and hetero-junction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) for the site based on air-mass, module temperatures, incident in-plane irradiance, and power output. The performances are analyzed over a period of 3 years by evaluating changes in the performance ratio, the energy yields, and the percentages of occurrence of data points corresponding to standard test condition (STC), nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT), and MFC. For MFC, performance ratio (PR) values are ranging from 0.70 to 0.83, 0.70 to 0.86, and 0.70 to 0.90 for mc-Si, a-Si, and HIT, respectively. The total energy yield of HIT is the highest followed by a-Si and mc-Si modules for this climatic zone.

Formalizing Performance Evaluation of Mobile Manipulator Robots Using CTML

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Aboul-Enein ◽  
Yaping Jing ◽  
Roger Bostelman
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Mobile Manipulator ◽  
Mobile Manipulators ◽  
Robot Tasks ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Computation Tree Measurement Language (CTML) is a newly developed formal language that offers simultaneous model verification and performance evaluation measures. While the theory behind CTML has been established, the language has yet to be tested on a practical example. In this work, we wish to demonstrate the utility of CTML when applied to a real-world application based in manufacturing. Mobile manipulators may enable more flexible, dynamic workflows within industry. Therefore, an artifact-based performance measurement test method for mobile manipulator robots developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology was selected for evaluation. Contributions of this work include the modeling of robot tasks implemented for the performance measurement test using Petri nets, as well as the formulation and execution of sample queries using CTML. To compare the numerical results, query support, ease of implementation, and empirical runtime of CTML to other temporal logics in such applications, the queries were re-formulated and evaluated using the PRISM Model Checker. Finally, a discussion is included that considers future extensions of this work, relative to other existing research, that could potentially enable the integration of CTML with Systems Modeling Language (SysML) and Product Life-cycle Management (PLM) software solutions.

The Dissolution of Wool in Alkali Solution and the Changes of Fiber Structure and Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Cai Zhao ◽  
Xu Liang Zhao ◽  
Zhi Hua Cui ◽  
Wei Guo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Wool Keratin

The dissolution of wool in 4g/L NaOH solution at 65°C is used to be a standard test method for the damage of wool in the processing. This suggests that alkali can cause wool keratin and the linkage between molecule chains broken. Fortunately, the dissolution of wool at low temperature is mainly limited on the surface scales because the swelling of wool in water solution at lower temperature is quite small. In this paper, the dissolution of wool in alkali solution and the changes of the fiber structure and performance at different temperature were investigated. The results showed clearly that the wool surface keratin could be dissolved in different extent with the varying of the temperature and this could be applied to develop an AOX free modification of wool for shrinkage resistance.

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