scholarly journals Are Qualia Reducible, Physical Entities?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Matthias Kerskens
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Gates ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantum Bits ◽  
Quantum Cognition ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Controversial hypotheses to explain consciousness exist in many fields of science, psychology and philosophy. Recent experimental findings in quantum cognition and magnetic resonance imaging have added new controversies to the field, suggesting that the mind may be based on quantum computing. Quantum computers process information in quantum bits (qubits) using quantum gates. At a first glance, it seems unrealistic or impossible that the brain can meet the challenges to provide either of these. Nevertheless, we show here why the brain has the incredible ability to perform quantum computing and how that may be realized.

Mind and Image

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The spectacular improvements in Positron Emission Tomography and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging over the last three decades have led researchers to a reconsideration of the brain and the mind. A form of neurophilia has made its way into contemporary culture. The brain is no longer envisaged as an organ a subject possesses, but as an entity with which he identifies, with which he is at one.

Сauses of Dizziness in Patients with Suspected Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
E. V. Shevchenko ◽  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
S. S. Petrikov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Suspected Stroke ◽  
The Brain

Background Acute dizziness may be the only symptom of stroke. Prevalence of this disease among patients with isolated dizziness differs significantly and depends on study design, inclusion criteria and diagnostic methods. In available investigations, we did not find any prospective studies where magnetic resonance imaging, positional maneuvers, and Halmagyi-Curthoys test had been used to clarify a pattern of diseases with isolated acute dizziness and suspected stroke.Aim of study To clarify the pattern of the causes of dizziness in patients with suspected acute stroke.Material and methods We examined 160 patients admitted to N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine with suspected stroke and single or underlying complaint of dizziness. All patients were examined with assessment of neurological status, Dix-Hollpike and Pagnini-McClure maneuvers, HalmagyiCurthoys test, triplex scans of brachiocephalic arteries, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with magnetic field strength 1.5 T. MRI of the brain was performed in patients without evidence of stroke by CT and in patients with stroke of undetermined etiology according to the TOAST classification.Results In 16 patients (10%), the cause of dizziness was a disease of the brain: ischemic stroke (n=14 (88%)), hemorrhage (n=1 (6%)), transient ischemic attack (TIA) of posterior circulation (n=1 (6%)). In 70.6% patients (n=113), the dizziness was associated with peripheral vestibulopathy: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n=85 (75%)), vestibular neuritis (n=19 (17%)), Meniere’s disease (n=7 (6%)), labyrinthitis (n=2 (1,3%)). In 6.9% patients (n=11), the cause of dizziness was hypertensive encephalopathy, 1.9% of patients (n=3) had heart rhythm disturbance, 9.4% of patients (n=15) had psychogenic dizziness, 0.6% of patients (n=1) had demyelinating disease, and 0.6% of patients (n=1) had hemic hypoxia associated with iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion In 70.6% patients with acute dizziness, admitted to hospital with a suspected stroke, peripheral vestibulopathy was revealed. Only 10% of patients had a stroke as a cause of dizziness.

scholarly journals Perceiving actions before they happen: psychological dimensions scaffold neural action prediction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Thornton ◽  
Diana I Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Social World ◽  
Action Space ◽  
Action Prediction ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Dimensions ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The social world buzzes with action. People constantly walk, talk, eat, work, play, snooze and so on. To interact with others successfully, we need to both understand their current actions and predict their future actions. Here we used functional neuroimaging to test the hypothesis that people do both at the same time: when the brain perceives an action, it simultaneously encodes likely future actions. Specifically, we hypothesized that the brain represents perceived actions using a map that encodes which actions will occur next: the six-dimensional Abstraction, Creation, Tradition, Food(-relevance), Animacy and Spiritualism Taxonomy (ACT-FAST) action space. Within this space, the closer two actions are, the more likely they are to precede or follow each other. To test this hypothesis, participants watched a video featuring naturalistic sequences of actions while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. We first use a decoding model to demonstrate that the brain uses ACT-FAST to represent current actions. We then successfully predicted as-yet unseen actions, up to three actions into the future, based on their proximity to the current action’s coordinates in ACT-FAST space. This finding suggests that the brain represents actions using a six-dimensional action space that gives people an automatic glimpse of future actions.

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