Broadband Time-Resolved Absorption and Dispersion Spectroscopy of Methane and Ethane in A Plasma Using a Mid-Infrared Dual-Comb Spectrometer

Conventional mechanical Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTS) are able to simultaneously measure absorption and dispersion spectra of gas-phase samples. However, they usually need very long measurement times to achieve time-resolved spectra with a good spectral and temporal resolution. Here, we present a mid-infrared dual-comb-based FTS in an asymmetric configuration, providing broadband absorption and dispersion spectra with a spectral resolution of 5 GHz, a temporal resolution of 20 μs, and a total measurement time of a few minutes. We used the dual-comb spectrometer to monitor the reaction dynamics of methane and ethane in an electrical plasma discharge. We observed ethane/methane formation as a recombination reaction of hydrocarbon radicals in the discharge in various static and dynamic conditions. The results demonstrate a new analytical approach for measuring fast molecular absorption and dispersion changes and monitoring fast dynamics of chemical reactions, which can be interesting for chemical kinetic research and particularly for the combustion and plasma analysis community.

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Broadband Time-Resolved Absorption and Dispersion Spectroscopy of Methane and Ethane in a Plasma Using a Mid-Infrared Dual-Comb Spectrometer

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20236831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6831

Author(s):

Muhammad Ali Abbas ◽

Luuk van Dijk ◽

Khalil Eslami Jahromi ◽

Mohammadreza Nematollahi ◽

Frans J. M. Harren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Resolution ◽

Chemical Kinetic ◽

Methane Formation ◽

Recombination Reaction ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Broadband Absorption ◽

Total Measurement Time ◽

5 Ghz ◽

Absorption And Dispersion

Conventional mechanical Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTS) can simultaneously measure absorption and dispersion spectra of gas-phase samples. However, they usually need very long measurement times to achieve time-resolved spectra with a good spectral and temporal resolution. Here, we present a mid-infrared dual-comb-based FTS in an asymmetric configuration, providing broadband absorption and dispersion spectra with a spectral resolution of 5 GHz (0.18 nm at a wavelength of 3333 nm), a temporal resolution of 20 μs, a total wavelength coverage over 300 cm−1 and a total measurement time of ~70 s. We used the dual-comb spectrometer to monitor the reaction dynamics of methane and ethane in an electrical plasma discharge. We observed ethane/methane formation as a recombination reaction of hydrocarbon radicals in the discharge in various static and dynamic conditions. The results demonstrate a new analytical approach for measuring fast molecular absorption and dispersion changes and monitoring the fast dynamics of chemical reactions over a broad wavelength range, which can be interesting for chemical kinetic research, particularly for the combustion and plasma analysis community.

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Time-resolved mid-Infrared dual-comb absorption and dispersion spectroscopy of methane and ethane: towards plasma applications

Real-time Measurements, Rogue Phenomena, and Single-Shot Applications VI ◽

10.1117/12.2582716 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ali Abbas ◽

Luuk van Dijk ◽

Khalil Eslami Jahromi ◽

Mohammadreza Nematollahi ◽

Frans J. M. Harren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Resolved ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Absorption And Dispersion ◽

Plasma Applications

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MID-INFRARED BROADBAND ABSORPTION BASED ON HBN/METAL HETEROSTRUCTURES

10.1615/ihtc16.mpe.022392 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Y. H. Kan ◽

Changying Zhao ◽

Zhuomin M. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mid Infrared ◽

Broadband Absorption

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Analog Circuit Failure Analysis Using Time-Resolved Emission

ISTFA 2005: Conference Proceedings from the 31st International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2005p0363 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

B.J. Cain ◽

G.L. Woods ◽

A. Syed ◽

R. Herlein ◽

Toshihiro Nomura

Keyword(s):

Analog Circuits ◽

Integrated Circuit ◽

Analog Circuit ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Nonlinear Process ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Excellent Spatial Resolution ◽

5 Ghz

Abstract Time-Resolved Emission (TRE) is a popular technique for non-invasive acquisition of time-domain waveforms from active nodes through the backside of an integrated circuit. [1] State-of-the art TRE systems offer high bandwidths (> 5 GHz), excellent spatial resolution (0.25um), and complete visibility of all nodes on the chip. TRE waveforms are typically used for detecting incorrect signal levels, race conditions, and/or timing faults with resolution of a few ps. However, extracting the exact voltage behavior from a TRE waveform is usually difficult because dynamic photon emission is a highly nonlinear process. This has limited the perceived utility of TRE in diagnosing analog circuits. In this paper, we demonstrate extraction of voltage waveforms in passing and failing conditions from a small-swing, differential logic circuit. The voltage waveforms obtained were crucial in corroborating a theory for some failures inside an 0.18um ASIC.

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A data reduction and compression description for high throughput time-resolved electron microscopy

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-020-20694-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abhik Datta ◽

Kian Fong Ng ◽

Deepan Balakrishnan ◽

Melissa Ding ◽

See Wee Chee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Temporal Resolution ◽

Data Reduction ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Data Streaming ◽

Compression Scheme ◽

Raw Data ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Detection And Counting ◽

Spatio Temporal

AbstractFast, direct electron detectors have significantly improved the spatio-temporal resolution of electron microscopy movies. Preserving both spatial and temporal resolution in extended observations, however, requires storing prohibitively large amounts of data. Here, we describe an efficient and flexible data reduction and compression scheme (ReCoDe) that retains both spatial and temporal resolution by preserving individual electron events. Running ReCoDe on a workstation we demonstrate on-the-fly reduction and compression of raw data streaming off a detector at 3 GB/s, for hours of uninterrupted data collection. The output was 100-fold smaller than the raw data and saved directly onto network-attached storage drives over a 10 GbE connection. We discuss calibration techniques that support electron detection and counting (e.g., estimate electron backscattering rates, false positive rates, and data compressibility), and novel data analysis methods enabled by ReCoDe (e.g., recalibration of data post acquisition, and accurate estimation of coincidence loss).

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Dirac Surface Plasmons in Photoexcited Bismuth Telluride Nanowires : Optical Pump-Terahertz Probe Spectroscopy

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr09087e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mithun K P ◽

Srabani Kar ◽

Abinash Kumar ◽

Victor Suvisesha Muthu Dharmaraj ◽

Ravishankar Narayanan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Plasmons ◽

Bismuth Telluride ◽

Topological Insulators ◽

Collective Excitation ◽

Optical Pump ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Plasmonic Materials ◽

Probe Spectroscopy

Collective excitation of Dirac plasmons in graphene and topological insulators have opened new possibilities of tunable plasmonic materials ranging from THz to mid-infrared regions. Using time resolved Optical Pump -...

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Super-resolution time-resolved imaging using computational sensor fusion

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81159-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. Callenberg ◽

A. Lyons ◽

D. den Brok ◽

A. Fatima ◽

A. Turpin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensor Fusion ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Temporal Resolution ◽

Single Photon ◽

Super Resolution ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Data Cube ◽

Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Temporal Precision

AbstractImaging across both the full transverse spatial and temporal dimensions of a scene with high precision in all three coordinates is key to applications ranging from LIDAR to fluorescence lifetime imaging. However, compromises that sacrifice, for example, spatial resolution at the expense of temporal resolution are often required, in particular when the full 3-dimensional data cube is required in short acquisition times. We introduce a sensor fusion approach that combines data having low-spatial resolution but high temporal precision gathered with a single-photon-avalanche-diode (SPAD) array with data that has high spatial but no temporal resolution, such as that acquired with a standard CMOS camera. Our method, based on blurring the image on the SPAD array and computational sensor fusion, reconstructs time-resolved images at significantly higher spatial resolution than the SPAD input, upsampling numerical data by a factor $$12 \times 12$$ 12 × 12 , and demonstrating up to $$4 \times 4$$ 4 × 4 upsampling of experimental data. We demonstrate the technique for both LIDAR applications and FLIM of fluorescent cancer cells. This technique paves the way to high spatial resolution SPAD imaging or, equivalently, FLIM imaging with conventional microscopes at frame rates accelerated by more than an order of magnitude.

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Two - Color Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Isoelectronic Centers in Silicon

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-770-i4.2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 770 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N.Q. Vinh ◽

T. Gregorkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Excited States ◽

Free Electron ◽

Free Electron Laser ◽

Materials Science ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Semiconductor Physics ◽

Open Questions ◽

Time Resolved Photoluminescence ◽

Tunable Source

AbstractOne of the open questions in semiconductor physics is the origin of the small splittings of the excited states of bound excitons in silicon. A free electron laser as a tunable source of the mid-infrared radiation (MIR) can be used to investigate such splittings of the excited states of optical centers created by transition metal dopants in silicon. In the current study, the photoluminescence from silver and copper doped silicon is investigated by two color spectroscopy in the visible and the MIR. It is shown the PL due recombination of exciton bound to Ag and Cu is quenched upon application of the MIR beam. The time-resolved photoluminescence measurements and the quenching effects of these bands are presented. By scanning the wavelength of the free-electron laser ionization spectra of relevant traps involved in photoluminescence are obtained. The formation and dissociation of the bound excitons, and the small splittings of the effective-mass excited states are discussed. The applied experimental method allows correlation of DLTS data on trapping centers to specific channels of radiative recombination. It can be applied for spectroscopic analysis in materials science of semicondutors.

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