scholarly journals INTERDIGITATED ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRICAL CHACARCTERIZATION OF COMMERCIAL PSEUDO-BINARY BIODIESEL-DIESEL BLENDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inocêncio Santos Neto ◽  
Christian Carvalho ◽  
Gilberto Filho ◽  
Cássio Andrade ◽  
Allan Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Interdigitated Electrode ◽  
Mixture Ratio

Non-standard diesel blends can be harmful to the environment and human health. In this context, a simple analytical method to estimate the biodiesel mixture ratio in diesel was developed based on the impedance spectroscopy (IS) associated with the interdigitated sensors. In this article, four different interdigitated sensors, variable comb spacing (G), were simulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. Based on finite element simulations, four interdigitated electrode architectures by manufactured and evaluated. According to the X-ray powder diffraction technique, the deposition of the conductive layer (Au°) over the surface of the dielectric substrate (SiO2) did not alter its phase composition. In the analysis of AFM and SEM, it was possible to observe irregular edges on the electrodes, possibly related to thin layers' manufacturing process and mechanical stability. Another characteristic observed in the AFM images was the height of the step of the gold layer of the sensor. Several cross-sections were obtained, and the mean step value is 225.71 ± 0.0032 nm. Although there are differences in the roughness, the whole sensor has nanometric roughness. Based on the finite element method simulation performed, it can be assumed that the geometric parameters more suitable for the manufacturing of the electrode are: W = 20 µm, L = 1000 µm, G = 50 µm e N = 40 digits. The electrical characterization performed by impedance spectroscopy showed that we could differentiate between biodiesel and diesel fuels and their pseudo-binary mixtures in the low-frequency region.

scholarly journals Interdigitated Electrode for Electrical Characterization of Commercial Pseudo-Binary Biodiesel–Diesel Blends

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7288
Author(s):  
Inocêncio Sanches dos Santos-Neto ◽  
Christian Diniz Carvalho ◽  
Gilberto Balby Araújo Filho ◽  
Cassio Daniel Salomão Silva Andrade ◽  
Giselle Cutrim de Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Interdigitated Electrode ◽  
Mixture Ratio

Non-standard diesel blends can be harmful to the environment and human health. In this context, a simple analytical method to estimate the biodiesel mixture ratio in diesel was developed based on impedance spectroscopy (IS) associated with interdigitated sensors. In this article, four different interdigitated sensors with varied comb spacing (G) were simulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. Based on finite element simulations, four interdigitated electrode architectures were manufactured and evaluated. The best geometry was chosen according to theoretical data simulations, and its interdigitated electrodes were manufactured for the compositional evaluation of pseudo-binary biodiesel–diesel mixtures. According to the X-ray powder diffraction technique, the deposition of the conductive layer (Au0) over the surface of the dielectric substrate (SiO2) did not alter its phase composition. In the analysis of AFM and SEM, it was possible to observe irregular edges on the electrodes, possibly related to the manufacturing process of the thin layers and mechanical stability. Another characteristic observed in the AFM images was the height of the step of the gold layer of the sensor. Several cross sections were obtained, and the mean step value was 225.71 ± 0.0032 nm. Although there were differences in the roughness, the whole sensor had nanometric roughness. Based on the finite element method simulation performed, it can be assumed that the geometric parameters more suitable for the manufacturing of the electrode are W = 20 µm, L = 1000 µm, G = 50 µm, and N = 40 digits. The electrical characterization performed by impedance spectroscopy showed that we could differentiate between biodiesel and diesel fuels and their pseudo-binary mixtures in the low-frequency region.

Structural, electrical characterization and oxygen-diffusion paths in LaSrGa1-xMgxO4-δ (x=0.0-0.2) layered perovskites: an impedance spectroscopy and neutron diffraction study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Marino ◽  
Juan Basbus ◽  
Ana L. Larralde ◽  
Jose Antonio Alonso ◽  
Maria Teresa Fernandez-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Neutron Diffraction Study ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Diffusion Paths ◽  
Layered Perovskites

This work presents the results of the structural characterization of LaSrGa1-xMgxO4-δ oxides with x=0.0-0.2 (LSGM'); these oxides with layered K2NiF4-type structure are potential electrolytes of oxygen ions with applications in...

scholarly journals Finite Element Method modeling of Additive Manufactured Compressor Wheel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márton Tamás Birosz ◽  
Mátyás Andó ◽  
Sudhanraj Jeganmohan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Isotropic Hardening ◽  
Compressor Wheel ◽  
Material Extrusion ◽  
Element Method

AbstractDesigning components is a complex task, which depends on the component function, the raw material, and the production technology. In the case of rotating parts with higher RPM, the creep and orientation are essential material properties. The PLA components made with the material extrusion process are more resistant than VeroWhite (material jetting) and behave similarly to weakly cross-linked elastomers. Also, based on the tensile tests, Young’s modulus shows minimal anisotropy. Multilinear isotropic hardening and modified time hardening models are used to create the finite element model. Based on the measurements, the finite element method simulation was identified. The deformation in the compressor wheel during rotation became definable. It was concluded that the strain of the compressor wheel manufactured with material extrusion technology is not significant.

scholarly journals Study of Influence of Electrode Geometry on Impedance Spectroscopy

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaz Ahmed ◽  
Kenneth Reifsnider
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Ac Impedance ◽  
Local Geometry ◽  
Electrode Geometry ◽  
Electrode Area ◽  
Impedance Response ◽  
Working Electrode

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful and proven tool for analyzing AC impedance response. A conventional three electrode EIS method was used to perform the investigation in the present study. Saturated potassium chloride solution was used as the electrolyte and three different material rods were used as working electrodes. Different configurations of electrode area were exposed to the electrolyte as an active area to investigate electrode geometry effects. Counter to working electrode distance was also altered while keeping the working electrode effective area constant to explore the AC response dependence on the variation of ion travel distance. Some controlled experiments were done to validate the experimental setup and to provide a control condition for comparison with experimental results. A frequency range of 100 mHz to 1 MHz was used for all experiments. In our analysis, we have found a noteworthy influence of electrode geometry on AC impedance response. For all electrodes, impedance decreases with the increase of effective area of the electrolyte. High frequency impedance is not as dependent on geometry as low frequency response. The observed phase shift angle drops in the high frequency region with increased working electrode area, whereas at low frequency the reverse is true. Resistance and capacitive reactance both decrease with an increase of area, but resistance response is more pronounce than reactance. For lower frequencies, small changes in working area produce very distinctive EIS variations. Electrode material as well as geometry was systematically varied in the present study. From these and other studies, we hope to develop a fundamental foundation for understanding specific changes in local geometry in fuel cell (and other) electrodes as a method of designing local morphology for specific performance.

Microstructure-Based Random Finite Element Method Simulation of Frost Heave: Theory and Implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (52) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyang Dong ◽  
Xiong (Bill) Yu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Water Pipes ◽  
Random Finite Element

Frost heave can cause serious damage to civil infrastructure. For example, interactions of soil and water pipes under frozen conditions have been found to significantly accelerate pipe fracture. Frost heave may cause the retaining walls along highways to crack and even fail in cold climates. This paper describes a holistic model to simulate the temperature, stress, and deformation in frozen soil and implement a model to simulate frost heave and stress on water pipelines. The frozen soil behaviors are based on a microstructure-based random finite element model, which holistically describes the mechanical behaviors of soils subjected to freezing conditions. The new model is able to simulate bulk behaviors by considering the microstructure of soils. The soil is phase coded and therefore the simulation model only needs the corresponding parameters of individual phases. This significantly simplifies obtaining the necessary parameters for the model. The capability of the model in simulating the temperature distribution and volume change are first validated with laboratory scale experiments. Coupled thermal-mechanical processes are introduced to describe the soil responses subjected to sub-zero temperature on the ground surface. This subsequently changes the interaction modes between ground and water pipes and leads to increase of stresses on the water pipes. The effects of cracks along a water pipe further cause stress concentration, which jeopardizes the pipe’s performance and leads to failure. The combined effects of freezing ground and traffic load are further evaluated with the model.

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