scholarly journals Mucilage of Coccinia grandis as an Efficient Natural Polymer-Based Pharmaceutical Excipient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumbakonam Balachandran Ilango ◽  
Senguttuvan Gowthaman ◽  
Kumbakonam Ilango Seramaan ◽  
Kumarappan Chidambaram ◽  
Mohammad F Bayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Mtt Method ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Mucilage from Coccinia grandis was extracted, isolated by maceration technique and precipitated, accordingly. The mucilage was evaluated for its physicochemical, binding, and disintegrant properties in tablets using paracetamol as a model drug. The crucial physicochemical properties such as flow properties, solubility, swelling index, loss on drying, viscosity, pH, microbial load, cytotoxicity were evaluated and the compatibility was analysed using sophisticated instrumental methods (TGA, DTA, DSC, and FTIR). The binding properties of the mucilage were used at three different concentrations and compared with starch and PVP as standard binders. The disintegrant properties of mucilage were used at two different concentrations and compared with standard disintegrants MCCP, SSG, and CCS. The wet granulation technique was used for the preparation of granules and was evaluated for the flow properties. The tablets were punched and evaluated for their hardness, friability, assay, disintegration time, in vitro dissolution profiles. In vitro cytotoxicity study of the mucilage was performed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell line using cytotoxic assay by MTT method. The outcome of the study indicated that the mucilage had good performance when compared with starch and PVP. Further, the mucilage acts as a good disintegrant than MCCP, SSG and CCS to paracetamol tablets. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation results demonstrated that the mucilage is non-cytotoxic to human cells and is safe.

scholarly journals Mucilage of Coccinia grandis as an Efficient Natural Polymer-Based Pharmaceutical Excipient

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Kumbakonam Balachandran Ilango ◽  
Senguttuvan Gowthaman ◽  
Kumbakonam Ilango Seramaan ◽  
Kumarappan Chidambaram ◽  
Mohammad F. Bayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Natural eco-friendly materials are recently employed in products to replace synthetic materials due to their superior benefits in preserving the environment. The herb Coccinia grandis is widely distributed in continents like Asia and Africa and used traditionally to treat fever, leprosy, asthma, jaundice, and bronchitis. Mucilage of Coccinia grandis was accordingly extracted, isolated by a maceration technique, and precipitated. The mucilage was evaluated for its physicochemical, binding, and disintegrant properties in tablets using paracetamol as a model drug. The crucial physicochemical properties such as flow properties, solubility, swelling index, loss on drying, viscosity, pH, microbial load, cytotoxicity was evaluated and the compatibility was analyzed using sophisticated instrumental methods (TGA, DTA, DSC, and FTIR). The binding properties of the mucilage was used at three different concentrations and compared with starch and PVP as examples of standard binders. The disintegrant properties of mucilage were used at two different concentrations and compared with standard disintegrants MCCP, SSG, and CCS. The tablets were punched and evaluated for their hardness, friability, assay, disintegration time, in vitro dissolution profiles. In vitro cytotoxicity studies of the mucilage were performed in a human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell line. The outcome of the study indicated that the mucilage had good performance compared with starch and PVP. Further, the mucilage acts as a better disintegrant than MCCP, SSG and CCS for paracetamol tablets. Use of a concentration of 3% or less demonstrated the ability of the mucilage to act as a super disintegrating agent and showed faster disintegration and dissolution, which makes it as an attractive, promising disintegrant in formulating solid dosage forms to improve the therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation results demonstrated that the mucilage is non-cytotoxic to human cells and is safe.

Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Disintigrating Meloxicam Tablets and Its Comparison with Marketed Product

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kulkarni ◽  
Ranjit P. ◽  
Nikunj Patel ◽  
Someshwara B. ◽  
Ramesh B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Cox 1

The present investigation deals with the formulation of fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Meloxicam is a newer selective COX-1 inhibitor. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation procedure. The influence of superdisintegrants, crosspovidone, croscaremellose sodium on disintegration time, wetting time and water absorption ratio were studied. Tablets were evaluated for weight and thickness variation, disintegration time, drug content, in vitro dissolution, wetting time and water absorption ratio. The in vitro disintegration time of the best fast disintegrating tablets was found to be 18 sec. Tablets containing crospovidone exhibit quick disintegration time than tablets containing croscaremellose sodium. The fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam with shorter disintegration time, acceptable taste and sufficient hardness could be prepared using crospovidone and other excipients at optimum concentration.

Formulation and Evaluation of Microbially- triggered tablets of Valdecoxib

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surender Verma ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
D. Mishra ◽  
Atul Gupta ◽  
Rakesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Dissolution Study ◽  
Caecal Content ◽  
Model Drug

The objective of present study was to develop colon targeted drug delivery using bacterially triggered approach through oral route. Valdecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) was chosen as a model drug in order to target it to colon which may prove useful in inflammatory bowel disease and related disorders. Matrix tablets of Valdecoxib were prepared by wet granulation technique utilizing different ratio of Guar gum and Sodium starch glycholate. The prepared matrix tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, uniformity of content, hardness and in vitro dissolution study in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid (Phosphate Buffer pH-1.2, pH-6.8 and pH-7.4), followed by Dissolution study in bio-relevant dissolution media Phosphate Buffer (pH-6.8) containing rat caecal content. The results revealed that the formulated batch had released lesser quantity of drug at pH 1.2 and pH 7.4 in 2 hors whereas in biorelevent dissolution media containing rat caecal content it released significantly higher amount of drug which was also significantly higher than the dissolution media of same pH without caecal content (microflora) and it was concluded that guar gum can be used as a potential carrier for targeting drugs to colon.

Preparation, Cytotoxicity and Degradability of Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogels as Drug Delivery System

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1531-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yun Zhou ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Wei Fen Zhang ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Xi Guang Chen
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Embryonic Fibroblasts ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Mtt Method ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogels ◽  
Model Drug

A new thermosensitive hydrogel had been prepared that could be transformed into gel at 37 °C from chitosan and a mixture of α- and β-glycerophosphate (αβ-GP). The appearance of hydrogel was compact and corrugated. There was little granule in the appearance of gel loaded with adriamycin and the granules might be crystals of the added model drug. In vitro cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was tested by the MTT method using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). MEF cultured with leachates of CS-αβ-GP were investigated and the relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated and the cytotoxicity was graded by generally accepted standard. The study of in vitro degradation of CS-αβ-GP hydrogels included hydrolysis and degradation by lysozyme. The CS-αβ-GP thermosensitive hydrogel was degradable in vitro and the degradation rate was faster in lysozyme solution than that in the medium of PBS. So the CS-αβ-GP system had good cell biocompatibility and biodegradability which provided possibilities and foundations for the further research.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT GRANULES OF IBUPROFEN

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
JINAN AL-MOUSAWY ◽  
ZAHRAA AL-HUSSAINY ◽  
MARYAM ALAAYEDI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Croscarmellose Sodium ◽  
Good Flow

Objective: The object of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate effervescent granules of ibuprofen, to increase its dissolution rate to get rapid analgesic and antipyretic effects. Methods: Five formulas (F1-F5) of effervescent ibuprofen granules were formulated by the wet granulation method. Croscarmellose sodium, powder of banana and other ingredients were used in the formulation of effervescent granules. Evaluation studies were carried out for all five formulas, these include: (compatibility study, flowability study, % of drug content, effervescent time and in vitro dissolution study). Results: The results show that the formulated granules have good flow properties with suitable bulk density for the uniting dose. FTIR study shows that there is no drug interaction with other ingredients in the formula. All five formulas have effervescent time less than 3 min, F5 show the best drug release 99.1±1 and effervescent time about 80 sec. Conclusion: Ibuprofen was successfully formulated and evaluated as effervescent granules by using a combination of croscarmellose sodium and banana powder.

DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACECLOFENAC FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS USING SUPER DISINTEGRATING AGENTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
V.L Narasaiah ◽  
◽  
Ch. Praneetha ◽  
P Mallika ◽  
K. Pullamma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
First Order ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Weight Variation

The aim of this project was to develop fast dissolving tablets (FDT) of aceclofenac by wet granulation using super disintegrating agents such as cross carmellose sodium (CCS), Crospovidone (CP) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) were formulated and evaluated. The tablets evaluated for thickness, hardness, friability weight variation, drug content, water absorption ratio, wetting time, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The in vitro release studies were conducted in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. Different release models like zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas were applied to in vitro drug release data in order to evaluate drug release mechanisms and kinetics. The formulation ‘F4’ showed satisfactory physico-chemical properties and drug content uniformity. The formulation ‘F4’ follows first order kinetics and the mechanism of drug release was governed by Higuchi. The ‘n’ value showed between <0.5, it was followed that Fickian transport. The FTIR studies were conducted and it shows that there is no interaction between drug and excipients.

Design, Optimization and Evaluation of Fast-Dissolving Oral Films of Ropinirole

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3958-3967
Author(s):  
Bhikshapathi D. V. R. N. ◽  
Srinivas A
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Oral Films

The main objective of this study was to develop fast dissolving oral films of ropinirole HCl to attain quick onset of action for the better management of Parkinson’s disease. Twenty-seven formulations (F1-F27) of ropinirole oral dissolving films by solvent-casting method using 33 response surface method by using HPMC E15, Maltodextrin PEG 4000 by using Design of experiment software. Formulations were evaluated for their physical characteristics, thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, disintegration time, drug content uniformity and drug release characteristics and found to be within the limits. Among the prepared formulations F4 showed minimum disintegration time 11 sec, maximum drug was released i.e. 99.68 ± 1.52% of drug within 10 min when compared to the other formulations and finalized as optimized formulation. FTIR data revealed that no interactions takes place between the drug and polymers used in the optimized formulation. The in vitro dissolution profiles of marketed product and optimized formulation was compared and found to be the drug released was 92.77 ± 1.52 after 50 min. Therefore, it can be a good alternative to conventional ropinirole for immediate action. In vitro evaluation of the ropinirole fast dissolving films confirmed their potential as an innovative dosage form to improve delivery and quick onset of action of ropinirole. The oral dissolving film is considered to be potentially useful for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease where quick onset of action is desired

Formulation and Evaluation of Atenolol and Indapamide SR Matrix Tablets for Treatment of Hypertension

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2450-2458
Author(s):  
Sarika Pundir ◽  
Ashutosh Badola
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Matrix Tablet ◽  
Release Agent ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation

In the present study we have formulated (F1 to F6) matrix tablets of atenolol and indapamide for the management of hypertension. As in simultaneous estimation of these drugs it was found that a confined release can be formulated. In the formulation of SR matrix tablet by using different concentration of delayed release agent DCP and pregelatinized starch as disintegrant we prepared tablets by wet granulation method. For sustained release action HPMC polymers were used for film coating. Preformulation studies were performed prior to compression. The compressed SR matrix tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, disintegration time and in vitro drug release using USP dissolution apparatus type 2 (paddle). It was found that the optimized formulation showed 49.33%, 48.90%, 48.52%, 47.65%, 46.84% and 46.51% release for atenolol in 12 hours respectively. However, indapamide released 49.62%, 49.39%, 48.72%, 48.27%, 47.59% and 47.36% at the end of 12 hr. The IR spectrum study revealed that there is no disturbance in the principal peaks of pure drugs atenolol and indapamide. This confirms the integrity of pure drugs and no incompatibility of them with excipients. The stability studies were carried out for the optimized batch for one months and it showed satisfactory results. The kinetic studies of the formulations revealed that diffusion is the predominant mechanism of drug and release follows Zero-order, Super case II transport.

Formulation of Oral Mucoadhesive Tablets using Mucilage Isolated from Buchanania lanzan spreng Seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2494-2503
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Singh ◽  
Ayaz Ahmad ◽  
Sunil Bothara B
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Losartan Potassium ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Microbial Count

The present study was taken to formulate and evaluate mucilage obtained from Buchanania lanzan spreng seeds (BL) belonging to family anacardiacea for oral mucoadhesive drug delivery system containing losartan potassium. Physiochemical characteristics of mucilage, such as swelling index, microbial count, viscosity, hydration capacity, flow property, and pH were studied. The mucilage was evaluated for its mucoadhesive properties in compressed tablet, containing losartan potassium. Granules were prepared by wet granulation process using polyvinylpyrrolidone as binding agent. Mucilage was used in four different concentrations i.e., 21, 42 and 55% w/w. The tablet were prepared and evaluated for its physical property. Further, in vitro dissolution and swelling index was determined. The property of bioadhesive strength of isolated mucilage was compared with Guar gum and HPMC E5LV, which was used as standard mucoadhesive agent concentration. Bioadhesive strength of the tablet was measured on the modified physical balance. Result revealed that tablets had good physiochemical properties, and drug release was retarded as concentration of mucilage was increased. The force of adhesion was obtained 0.1238N, 0.2822N, 0.5175N, 0.8679N and 0.3983N respectively for F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5. Formulations were subjected for study the effect of agitation at different rpm. Formulation showed relative effect on release of drug from formulation. All the formulations were subjected to stability studies for three months, all formulations showed stability with respect to release pattern. In conclusions, these results indicate that the seed mucilage of BL can be a suitable excipient for oral mucoadhesive drug delivery systems.  

Formulation and Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Lamotrigine

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2881-2888
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Singh ◽  
S S Shyale ◽  
P Karade
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablet ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Croscarmellose Sodium

The aim of this study was to design orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) of Lamotrigine. It is an Antiepileptic drug which is widely used in epilepsy. It is also used in simple and complex partial seizures and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is poorly water soluble drug (0.46 mg/ml). Thus, an attempt was made to enhance the water solubility by complexation with β-cyclodextrin (1:1 molar ratios). The orally disintegrating tablet of lamotrigine was prepared by direct compression method using different concentration of superdisintegrants such as Sodium starch glycollate, croscarmellose sodium by sublimating agent such as camphor. The formulations were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The prepared tablets were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The disintegration time for the complexed tablets prepared by different concentration of superdisintegrants was found to be in range of 32.54 ± 0.50 to 55.12 ± 0.57 sec and wetting time of the formulations was found to be in range of 28.47 ± 0.67 to 52.19 ± 0.72 sec. All the formulation showed almost 100 percent of drug release within 15 min. Among all the formulation F6 and F7 prepared with 18% croscarmellose sodium and camphor shows faster drug release, respectively 10 min, F6 gives good result for disintegration time, drug release, wetting time and friability. Further formulations were subjected to stability testing for 30 days at temperature of 40 ± 5 ºC/75 ± 5 %RH. Tablets showed no appreciable changes with respect to physical appearance, drug content, disintegration time and dissolution profiles. Results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA at a p < 0.05. It was found that, the data at any point of time are significant at p < 0.05.

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