scholarly journals Preliminary Analysis of a Nano Relativistic Motor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Yahalom
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Third Law

In a recent paper discussing Newton’s third law in the framework of special relativity for charged bodies, it was suggested that one can construct a practical relativistic motor provided high enough charge and current densities are available. As on the macroscopic scale charge density is limited by the phenomena of dielectric breakdown, it was suggested to take advantage of the high charge densities which are available on the microscopic scale. A preliminary analysis of this option denoted "nano relativistic scale" is studied in the current paper.

scholarly journals Newton’s Third Law in the Framework of Special Relativity for Charged Bodies Part 2: Preliminary Analysis of a Nano Relativistic Motor

Symmetry ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Asher Yahalom
Keyword(s):  
Wave Packet ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Motor Effect ◽  
Maxwell Electrodynamics ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Third Law

(1) Background: In a recent paper discussing Newton’s third law in the framework of special relativity for charged bodies, it was suggested that one can construct a practical relativistic motor provided high enough charge and current densities are available. As on the macroscopic scale charge density is limited by the phenomena of dielectric breakdown, it was suggested to take advantage of the high charge densities which are available on the microscopic scale. (2) Methods: We use standard physical theories such as Maxwell electrodynamics and quantum mechanics, supplemented by tools from vector analysis and numerics. (3) Results: We show that a hydrogen atom either in the ground state or excited state will not produce a relativistic engine effect, but by breaking the symmetry or putting the electron in a wave packet state may produce relativistic motor effect. (4) Conclusions: A highly localized wave packet will produce a strong relativistic motor effect. The preliminary analysis of the current paper suggests new promising directions of research both theoretical and experimental.

A Novel Integrated Reliability Test System for BEOL TDDB Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifeng Chen ◽  
Peilin Song ◽  
Thomas M. Shaw ◽  
Franco Stellari ◽  
Lynne Gignac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Test System ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract In this paper, we propose a new methodology and test system to enable the early detection and precise localization of Time-Dependent-Dielectric-Breakdown (TDDB) occurrence in Back-End-of-Line (BEOL) interconnection. The methodology is implemented as a novel Integrated Reliability Test System (IRTS). In particular, through our methodology and test system, we can easily synchronize electrical measurements and emission microscopy images to gather more accurate information and thereby gain insight into the nature of the defects and their relationship to chip manufacturing steps and materials, so that we can ultimately better engineer these steps for higher reliable systems. The details of our IRTS will be presented along with a case study and preliminary analysis results.

scholarly journals FORCES BETWEEN ELECTRIC CHARGES IN MOTION: RUTHERFORD SCATTERING, CIRCULAR KEPLERIAN ORBITS, ACTION-AT-A-DISTANCE AND NEWTON'S THIRD LAW IN RELATIVISTIC CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 327-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. FIELD
Keyword(s):  
Special Relativity ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Classical Electromagnetism ◽  
Newtonian Gravitation ◽  
Keplerian Orbits ◽  
Rutherford Scattering ◽  
Action At A Distance ◽  
Electrodynamic Theory ◽  
Third Law

Standard formulae of classical electromagnetism for the forces between electric charges in motion derived from retarded potentials are compared with those obtained from a recently developed relativistic classical electrodynamic theory with an instantaneous intercharge force. Problems discussed include small angle Rutherford scattering, Jackson's recent "torque paradox" and circular Keplerian orbits. Results consistent with special relativity are obtained only with an instantaneous interaction. The impossibility of stable circular motion with retarded fields in either classical electromagnetism or Newtonian gravitation is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Correlation of Impedance and Effective Electrode Area of Iridium Oxide Neural Electrodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander R. Harris ◽  
Antonio G. Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
High Charge ◽  
State Diffusion ◽  
High Charge Density ◽  
Steady State Diffusion ◽  
Total Activation

Iridium oxide is routinely used for bionic applications owing to its high charge injection capacity. The electrode impedance at 1 kHz is typically reported to predict neural recording performance. In this article, the impedance of activated iridium oxide films (AIROFs) has been examined. The impedance of unactivated iridium electrodes was half that of platinum electrodes of similar geometry, indicating some iridium oxide was present on the electrode surface. A two time constant equivalent circuit was used to model the impedance of activated iridium. The impedance at low and intermediate frequencies decreased with increasing number of activation pulses and total activation charge. The impedance at 12 Hz correlated with the steady-state diffusion electroactive area. The impedance at 12 Hz also correlated with the charge density of the electrode. The high charge density and low impedance of AIROFs may provide improved neural stimulation and recording properties compared with typically used platinum electrodes.

Attaching high charge density metal ions to surfaces and biomolecules. Reaction chemistry of hypodentate cobalt diamine complexes

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (44) ◽  
pp. 15617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Funk ◽  
Efram Goldberg ◽  
Eddie L. Chang ◽  
Scott A. Trammell ◽  
D. Andrew Knight
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
High Charge ◽  
High Charge Density

Charge density studies on methylene blue – a potential anti-Alzheimer agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Luger ◽  
Birger Dittrich ◽  
Leonard Benecke ◽  
Hannes Sterzel
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
Molecular Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Atomic Charges ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Atomic Properties ◽  
Counter Ions ◽  
Medical Interest

AbstractMotivated by the medical interest in methylene blue as potential anti-Alzheimer agent, the charge densities of three salt structures containing the methylene blue cation with nitrate (as dihydrate), chloride (as pentahydrate) and thiocyanate counter-ions were generated by application of the invariom formalism and examined. The so-obtained charge density distributions were analyzed using the QTAIM formalism to yield bond topological and atomic properties. The atomic charges on the methylene blue cation indicate a delocalized charge distribution; only a small positive charge on the sulfur atom was found. Electrostatic potentials mapped onto iso-surfaces of electron density for the cations, and for the methylene blue cations with anions, were compared. The effect of hydrogen disorder on the molecular electrostatic potential was investigated for the thiocyanate structure.

Combined Alkali‐Organoammonium Structure Direction of High‐Charge‐Density Heteroatom‐Containing Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (27) ◽  
pp. 9032-9037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungwan Seo ◽  
Nak Ho Ahn ◽  
Jeong Hwan Lee ◽  
Lisa M. Knight ◽  
Jaime G. Moscoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves ◽  
High Charge Density

scholarly journals Expanding the portfolio of tribo-positive materials: Aniline formaldehyde condensates for high charge density triboelectric nanogenerators

Nano Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 104291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Navneet Soin ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Shaoliang Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
High Charge ◽  
High Charge Density ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Positive Materials
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document