scholarly journals A Feminist Study of Otherness in A Streetcar Named Desire and its Iranian Film Adaptation, The Stranger

2016 ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
Zahra Nazemi ◽  
Hossein Aliakbari Harehdasht ◽  
Abdolmohammad Movahhed
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Feminist Study ◽  
Women's Identity ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
And Gender ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
The Stranger

Movie adaptations of dramatic works have always been very popular. Tennessee Williams’s A Streetcar Named Desire (1947) has been adapted several times and in different ways. Feminist and gender studies have examined the important role of Otherness in the construction of female identity. Using their findings, we compare the ways in which the theme of Otherness has been employed in representing female gender identity in Tennessee Williams’s A Streetcar Named Desire and in its Iranian film adaptation, The Stranger (Bigāneh) (2014). The results of the study show that while in both works the female characters' traditional female roles have been highlighted, in the Iranian movie the main female character economically enjoys a relatively higher independence and can have a voice of her own to act against the patriarchal traditions. Besides, whereas in the source text women’s identity is solely associated with their being the Other of men, women in The Stranger stand on a par with their male companions, if not higher than them. The study also reveals that a main reason for these differences originates in the sociopolitical, cultural and historical discrepancies between the contexts in which the film and the play were created.

scholarly journals Dysfunction of Self-Control in Facebook Addiction: Impulsivity Is the Key

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Cudo ◽  
Małgorzata Torój ◽  
Marcin Demczuk ◽  
Piotr Francuz
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Action Control ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
State Orientation ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

AbstractFacebook is one of the most popular social network sites and communication platforms. However, besides many positive elements related to the use of this network site, in some cases it may lead to addiction. Therefore, the main aim of our study was to identify Facebook addiction predictors, in particular, to verify whether impulsivity, as a dimension of self-control, is an important predictor of this type of addiction. We also examined whether Facebook addiction predictors such as time spent using Facebook, use of Facebook smartphone apps, state orientation and female gender would be significant in our model of Facebook addiction. The 234 participants in the study were assessed using the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire, the Brief Self-Control Scale and the Action Control Scale. Impulsivity as a dimension of self-control, action control, amount of time spent on Facebook, Facebook app use and gender were found to be related to Facebook addiction. Specifically, a high level of impulsivity, more time spent using Facebook, female gender and Facebook smartphone app use are predictors of Facebook addiction. However, the relation between state orientation, restraint as a dimension of self-control and Facebook addiction was insignificant. Our results may indicate the role of impulsivity as a dimension of self-control in Facebook addiction. In addition, they may suggest that self-control should be taken into account not only as a one-dimensional but also as a multidimensional construct in Facebook addiction research. Our findings may also contribute to the better preparation of prevention and therapeutic programmes for people at risk of Facebook addiction.

Kazan, Elia (1909–2003)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Oveisy
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Arthur Miller ◽  
Method Acting ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The Us ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
Traumatic Effect ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire

Elia Kazan is arguably one of the most influential directors of mid-century mainstream America. Kazan is renowned for his introduction of the Moscow Art Theatre’s method acting into American film and theatre, his semi-documentary style of shooting on location, and a thematic variance that ‘reflects changes and tensions in the national culture’ (Neve 2) of the US. His 19-film oeuvre continues to exert great influence in its pioneering of cinematic realism. Kazan’s career can be divided into two parts: the socially conscious films he produced before his testimony in front of HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee), and those produced afterward, which reflect on the traumatic effect this event had on his life. Nevertheless, an unforgiving dedication to contemporary social and political dilemmas resonates throughout his films: Gentleman’s Agreement (1947) deals with anti-Semitism, his masterpiece On the Waterfront (1954) concerns workers’ rights, and his adaptation of John Steinbeck’s East of Eden (1955) focuses on the modern American familial crisis. After the successful staging of plays by Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller, Kazan’s film adaptation of Williams’ play in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) further cemented his reputation as a dramaturge and actors’ director. Kazan’s long-take style of shooting, corroborated by an acute attention to mise en scène, grants a suspenseful yet clear atmosphere to the rather simple diegeses in all his films.

Collaboration, adaptation, and unmade projects

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-84
Author(s):  
Lisa Stead
Keyword(s):  
Phone Call ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Collaborative Development ◽  
Film Performance ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
And Gender ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
Material Record

The chapter examines two key roles from different stages of Vivien Leigh’s career that highlight her work as an active collaborator in adapting roles from stage and page to screen. It looks firstly at her work on A Streetcar Named Desire in the early 1950s, considering how she exercised authorial agency in assisting with the adaptation of the script from stage to screen. The chapter then examines how she navigated the interlocking issues of age and gender and their impact on star labor in the 1965 adaptation of Ship of Fools. I consider how materials such as script annotations, paper correspondence, and phone call transcripts speak more broadly to the archive’s potential to deconstruct the film performance by mapping out its prehistory, interrogating this as a process of personal and collaborative development. The chapter also considers the material record of projects documented in Vivien Leigh’s archive that did not come to fruition.

scholarly journals Trans-Mediation of Gender in Elia Kazan’s Adaptation of A Streetcar Named Desire

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Zahra Nazermi ◽  
Hossein Aliakbari Harehdasht ◽  
Abdolmohammad Movahhed
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Female Identity ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
The Media ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
Elia Kazan

Elia Kazan is among the first directors who adapted Tennessee Williams’s A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) for the cinema. Kazan’s film adaptation was almost faithful to the original manuscript by sticking to Williams’s words and sentences. However, even if one ignores the cultural and historical contexts, the alterations that take place in the process of trans-mediation cannot be disregarded, since the telling mode in the text changes to the showing mode in the media. With this hypothetical basis, the present study aims to detect the possible alterations in the adaptation of the play to examine gender roles in both texts. Using the ideas of Linda Hutcheon in A Theory of Adaptation (2013), the authors have studied the verbal signs in the play together with the verbal and visual codes in the movie to assess how the film adaptation has incorporated the ideas of femininity, which are the main concerns of the play, too. The results of the study suggest that the alterations from the literary text to film have contributed to the development of female identity.

scholarly journals The role of gender in the use of Hungarian address forms

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Ágnes Domonkosi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender

Forms of address are directly related to the nature of social relationships. The gender of the discourse partners, including the question whether they are of the same or different genders, thus has an impact on the use of forms of address. The goal of this paper is to highlight the major gender-related characteristics of Hungarian address practices by reporting on a comprehensive sociolinguistic study based on questionnaires and interviews. In line with the perspective of social constructivism, the gender-related usage patterns of address forms are interpreted as actively shaping the construal of particular relationships and gender roles rather than merely reflecting them. Thus, the research findings suggest that iterative patterns in the use of more confidential/affectionate forms with women contribute to the maintenance of female gender roles.

The Actor as Author of the Text he Acts

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Marta Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Tennessee Williams ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
Acting Technique ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire

We aim to demonstrate how the acting technique and skills of an actor may influence the intentions of a text’s author, showing him new paths through the human and emotional factors. We also aim to demonstrate that what is usually considered a “text” may not always be a fixed entity produced by a single isolated individual. The analysis of the staging and film adaptation of Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire and the development of the character Stanley Kowalski by Marlon Brando, shows how he changed the written version of the play, shifting its core, interfering with the balance between the two main characters and helping to shape the cultural and historical attributes which rendered its particular place in art history. The text produced by the actor may, thus, assume an identical value to that of the dramatic script from which it developed, or even produce a higher impact.

scholarly journals Harold (Mitch) Mitchell’s role in the demise of Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Lund
Keyword(s):  
Tennessee Williams ◽  
The Real ◽  
Streetcar Named Desire ◽  
Mental Institution ◽  
A Streetcar Named Desire

In Tennessee Williams’ play A Streetcar Named Desire, Stanley Kowalski has often been seen as the main reason why Blanche DuBois mentally falls apart at the end of the play. This is emphasized by the fact that he rapes her and that she subsequently is committed to a mental institution. However, I find that the role of Harold (Mitch) Mitchell thereby is downplayed and underestimated. This article argues that he in fact is the real cause of Blanche’s psychological downfall. Critics such as Judith J. Thompson refer to Mitch as elevated to the romanticized ideal of Allan Grey, Blanche's late husband. Blanche sees a potential new husband in Mitch, and when she realizes that he knows about her troubled past, she mentally collapses. While Stanley’s final act certainly is cruel and devastating, Mitch’s rejection of Blanche is what essentially sets off her final madness.

scholarly journals The Forgotten Ones: Crafting for Meaning and for Affiliation in the Context of Finnish and Japanese Employees' Off-Job Lives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miika Kujanpää ◽  
Oliver Weigelt ◽  
Akihito Shimazu ◽  
Hiroyuki Toyama ◽  
Merly Kosenkranius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Japanese Employees ◽  
Satisfaction Of Needs

In an intensifying working life, it is important for employees to proactively shape their lives beyond work to create opportunities for satisfying personal needs. These efforts can be beneficial for creating and sustaining well-being in terms of vitality. In this study, we focused on off-job crafting (OJC) for meaning and OJC for affiliation, conceptualized as proactive changes in off-job life with the aim of increasing satisfaction of needs for meaning and affiliation, among employees in Finland and Japan, two countries with disparate cultural values. We examined longitudinal within-person relationships between the two OJC dimensions and vitality, as well as the relationships between OJC and contextual variables, such as age and gender. We conducted a longitudinal study over 6 months with three measurement points. A total of 578 Finnish and 228 Japanese employees participated in the study. Hypotheses were tested with latent growth analysis. Increases in OJC for meaning and for affiliation were mostly positively related to increases in vitality over time in both countries. In Finland, age was positively related to OJC for meaning. In Japan, age was negatively related to OJC for meaning, but the female gender was positively related to OJC for affiliation. Focusing on increasing meaning and affiliation in off-job life can be beneficial strategies for employees to feel positively energized. The role of contextual variables and culture in OJC should be examined further in future studies.

scholarly journals Women’s Identity in the Digital Islam Age: Social Media, New Religious Authority, and Gender Bias

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Ahmad Muttaqin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Women's Identity ◽  
And Gender

<p>This paper discusses the phenomenon of religious lectures on social media that are gender-biased. The gender-biased religious lectures delivered in social media by some famous figures perpetuate the discrimination against women in Indonesia. This research answers how and why the religious lectures with gender-biased theme appear massively on social media. By using a qualitative method and feminist approach, the study focuses on the religious preachers on the new social media. This study shows that the large amounts of lectures with the gender-biased theme in social media are inseparable from the role of the promotional accounts. It shares videos of gender-themed propaganda massively and attractively to attract many visitors and followers of these accounts. This study reveals that the massive religious lectures with gender bias on social media are not only dealing with the textual understanding of religious texts but also a matter of the religious commodification. The actors of business could determine the massively particular religious discourse on social media.</p>

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