Coping with cancer: The role of different sources of psychosocial support and the personality of patients with cancer in (mal)adaptive coping strategies

ObjectivesCancer is a serious event in a person's life. However, certain coping strategies in relation to selected social, emotional and personality factors appear to manage the disease.MethodsSources of social support were tested in cancer survivors (N = 696) using hierarchical linear regression. Selected personality variables in terms of sociodemographic, clinical, and emotional factors were used as predictors of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies.Results It was found that adaptive coping strategies were more frequent in younger patients, in patients who attended cancer support groups and those with a greater level of optimism. Maladaptive coping was related to the higher level of experience of pain and sadness, neuroticism, and pessimism. The absence of a relapse and the time since the disease had been diagnosed were also important factors in coping with cancer.Conclusions The results point to the importance of considering various individual factors in the process of intervention to facilitate adaptive coping and to reduce maladaptive coping.

Redesign the User Interface of the Purwakarta Disdukcapil Mobile Application Using Kansei Engineering

The function and usability of a mobile application are the main reasons for making the application. In addition, the User Interface (UI) design factor is also an important consideration in making a mobile application. Good UI design is the main attraction for the application to use. There are many ways to make a good UI design. Kansei Engineering (KE) is one of the methods that can be used in the UI design process. Since the creation of the Mobile Disdukcapil application, there has never been a study on the application's design interface. This research aims to make recommendations on design elements desired by users. The KE method can detect the user's feelings towards an interface. So that the KE method will produce a UI design for the Disdukcapil mobile application that is liked by the user. The methodology used refers to the Kansei Engineering Type I methodology. This research uses Kansei Words to represent the emotional factors of the user when viewing a product specimen. Kansei Word used as many as 10 words related to the UI display on the mobile application. The mobile application specimens used were 5 specimens, which were taken from various similar applications. This study involved 80 participants to fill out the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were processed using multivariate statistical analysis, namely Cronbach's Alpha, Coefficient Correlation Analysis (CCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Factor Analysis (FA), and Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study are in the form of recommendations for UI design elements based on the most dominant emotional factors. Based on the results of data processing, the dominant emotional factors are "Colorful" and "Simple".

Surgeons’ non-transparent facemasks challenge the physician–patient relationship in the orthopedic outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective cohort study of 285 patients

Background and purpose — Facemasks play a role in preventing the respiratory spread of SARS-CoV-2, but their impact on the physician–patient relationship in the orthopedic outpatient clinic is unclear. We investigated whether the type of surgeons’ facemask impacts patients’ perception of the physician–patient relationship, influences their understanding of what the surgeon said, or affects their perceived empathy. Patients and methods — All patients with an appointment in the orthopedic outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital during the 2-week study period were included. During consultations, all surgeons wore a non-transparent (first study week) or transparent facemask (second study week). Results of 285 of 407 eligible patients were available for analysis. The doctor–patient relationship was evaluated using the standardized Patient Reactions Assessment (PRA) and a 10-point Likert-scale questionnaire ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 10 (strongly agree). Results — A non-transparent facemask led to more restrictions in the physician–patient communication and a worse understanding of what the surgeon said. Patients’ understanding improved with a transparent facemask with greatest improvements reported by patients aged 65 years and older (non-transparent: 6 [IQR 5–10] vs. transparent: 10 [IQR 9–10], p < 0.001) and by patients with a self-reported hearing impairment (non-transparent: 7 [IQR 3–7] vs. transparent: 9 [IQR 9–10], p < 0.001). The median PRA score was higher when surgeons wore a transparent facemask (p= 0.003). Interpretation — Surgeons’ non-transparent facemasks pose a new communication barrier that can negatively affect the physician–patient relationship. While emotional factors like affectivity and empathy seem to be less affected overall, the physician–patient communication and patients’ understanding of what the surgeon said seem to be negatively affected.

The Equity of Remote Teaching During COVID-19

This chapter is written by a second-grade teacher who gives a personal account for remote teaching during quarantine and the 2020 - 2021 school year. The equity and diversity of various situations involved during the past year are discussed throughout the chapter: from the beginning of quarantine 2020 to the end of the school year in May 2021. Remote teaching, social and emotional factors, and the diversity of families are also addressed. The chapter is dedicated to Jordan Lea Darnell, a teacher who lost her battle to COVID-19 in the Spring of 2021.

Affective and Emotional Determinants of Entrepreneurial Orientation Within Family Firms

As a predominant form of business organization, family firms have attracted increasing attention by scholars, and especially by those researching entrepreneurial orientation with the aim of better understanding of entrepreneurial activities pursued by enterprises. However, the literature on the confluence of entrepreneurial orientation and family firms has paid scant attention to the influence of affective and emotional factors. To cover this research gap, the authors analyze the impact of affective commitment and concern for socioemotional wealth preservation on entrepreneurial orientation. To do so, they performed an empirical study using the data collected from 342 small and mid-sized family firms from Portugal, a country where family firms are under-researched even though they make up the backbone of the economy. Results show that both affective commitment and socioemotional wealth positively impact entrepreneurial orientation, pointing to the need to further research the relationships between such factors and strategic behaviors in the family business context.

Individual psychotherapeutic work with teachers as one of the factors in increasing the efficiency of a modern teacher

Львиная доля нашей жизни – это учеба. Учеба в школе, институте, университете… Учеба – это, прежде всего, учителя, каждый из которых наделен своими особенностями. Чьи-то личностные особенности нам помогают адаптироваться, заинтересоваться наукой, понять, кем я хочу быть. Таким учителям мы благодарны всю свою жизнь. Но всегда на долгом пути образования встречаются и те, кто нам не нравится по каким-то причинам. Причинам, которые мы часто и сами осознать не можем. Известный факт, что профессия педагога – одна из наиболее затратных психологически и эмоционально. Хорошему учителю нужно быть зрелым, эмоционально устойчивым, здоровым психически и физически. Если же педагог, помимо своей основной деятельности, занимается также реализацией дополнительных образовательных проектов, уровень энергозатрат возрастает вдвойне. Труд учителя всегда насыщен ситуациями, которые, в итоге, могут привести (и приводят) к выгоранию: эмоциональная загруженность, огромная ответственность, длительное нахождение в состоянии перманентного стресса. В результате перегруженный педагог очень быстро «сгорает» в пламени неврозов, депрессий, психосоматических заболеваний. Таким образом, в школе давно назрела ситуация, где основным клиентом психолога должен быть педагог. Автор настоящей статьи рассматривает попытку реализации психотерапевтической работы с педагогами на базе МАОУ «Гимназии №23 г. Челябинска» в рамках реализации модели проектной школы «Практики будущего» на примере метапредметной области «Урбанистика». В статье представлены теоретические основания и методические указания, касающиеся применения психотерапии на основе метода символдрамы в работе с педагогами. Теоретический материал иллюстрирован примерами из практики автора. В качестве данных для исследования были использованы протоколы сессий. В результате исследования автор приходит к выводу, что целесообразно вводить в штат школ ставку психотерапевта или клинического психолога именно для работы с педагогическим составом. A huge period in person's life is closely associated with studying at school, college, or university. Studying is teachers, each of whom is endowed with their own characteristics. Teacher's personality traits help us to adapt, to become interested in science, to understand who we are to be. We are grateful to teachers all our lives. But there are always those who we do not like for some reasons on the long road of education. The reasons that we often cannot even realize. It is well known that teaching as a profession is one of the most energy-intensive. A good teacher needs to be mature, emotionally resilient, mentally and physically healthy. If a teacher, in addition to their main activity, is also engaged in the implementation of additional educational projects, the energy expenditure becomes even greater. The teacher's work is always full of situations, which, in the end, can (and do) lead to burnout: emotional workload, huge responsibility and permanent stress. As a result, an overworked teacher is likely to burn out in the flame of neuroses, depression, psychosomatic diseases. Thus, the school has a long overdue situation where the main client of a psychologist must be the teacher. After all, professional activity is replete with factors that provoke emotional burnout: high emotional workload, many a number of emotional factors, the daily and hourly need for empathy, sympathy, responsibility for children and their work. As a result, a teacher becomes a hostage to the situation of emotional burnout, a prisoner of the emotional and professional behavior stereotypes. Among the professional illnesses of teachers there are various neuroses, and psychopathic conditions, in addition to a number of psychosomatic disorders. In this regard, an important part of a psychologist's activity at school is psychotherapeutic work with teachers and educators who implement additional educational projects. The author of this article considers an attempt to implement psychotherapeutic work with teachers in the MAEI "Gymnasium № 23 of Chelyabinsk" within the framework implementation of the model project school "Practices of the Future" in the example of the metasubject area "Urban Studies". The article presents theoretical foundations and guidelines for the use of psychotherapy based on the symboldrama method for work with teachers. The theoretical material is illustrated with the examples from the author's practice. Session protocols were used as data for the study. As a result of the study, the author therefore asserts the conclusion that it is advisable to introduce a psychotherapist or a clinical psychologist into the school specifically for working with the teaching staff.

Emotions and Modern Psychology Studies: Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medical Theories in Seven Emotions

Objective — To summarize the concept of the Seven Emotions Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the characteristics of the disease, and the influence on the viscera, combined with the research results of modern psychology, this paper studies the etiology and pathogenesis of the Seven Emotions from the perspective of psychology to achieve the purpose of guiding clinical practice. Methods — Through consulting a large number of documents, analyze and understand the meaning of Seven Emotions Theory. By analyzing the emotion-related arguments of the mainstream schools of modern psychology, the basic emotion theory and the relationship between the Seven Emotions of TCM, the concept of TCM sentiment, and the relationship between TCM sentiment and basic emotions are explained. Through the systematic analysis of emotions, explore the relationship between the seven emotions of Chinese medicine. Results — Through research on the development of the Seven Emotions Theory and its etiology, pathogenesis, emotional disease syndromes, and emotional therapy in Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine (Huangdi Neijing) and other historical documents, we can discuss the significance of the Seven Emotions theory systematically comb the theory, and hope to guide clinical practice.Conclusion — In clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by emotions, it is advisable to consider the mutual influence of multi-emotional factors, whether it is a disease with other emotions, and whether multiple organs are injured, so as to better diagnose and treat disease syndromes.

Stunting does not impair physical fitness in Indonesian school children

Background Physical fitness is decreased in malnourished children and adults. Poor appearance and muscular flaccidity are among the first signs of malnutrition. Malnutrition is often associated with stunting. Objectives We test the hypotheses that stunted children of low social strata are physically less fit than children of high social strata. Sample We investigated 354 school girls and 369 school boys aged 5.83 to 13.83 (mean 9.54) years from three different social strata in Kupang (West-Timor, Indonesia) in 2020. Methods We measured height, weight, and elbow breadth, calculated standard deviation (SDS) of height and weight according to CDC references, and the Frame index as an indicator of long-term physical fitness, and we tested physical fitness in standing long jump and hand grip strength. Results Children of low social strata are physically fittest. They jump longer distances, and they have higher values in the Frame index. No association exists between height SDS and physical fitness, neither in respect to standing long jump, nor to hand grip strength. Conclusion Stunting does not impair physical fitness in Indonesian school children. Our results support the concept that SEPE (social-economic-political-emotional) factors are involved in the regulation of human growth.

The Association between Emotional Stress, Sleep, and Awake Bruxism among Dental Students: A Sex Comparison

Psychosocial factors may play an important role in the etiology of sleep and awake bruxism. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between emotional stress and bruxism in male and female dental students at various stages of their education. Dental education in Israel is based on a six-year curriculum, divided into three stages: pre-medical studies (yr. 1–2), manual skills (yr. 3–4), and clinical experience (yr. 5–6). Each stage requires different capabilities and skills. Questionnaires regarding psychological state (SCL-90) measuring depression, anxiety, and somatization as well as stress evaluation questioners (Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire 14) were completed by 387 dental students in the 1st to 6th years. Sleep and awake bruxism were evaluated based on the respondent’s awareness. During the manual stage of studies, a significant increase was identified, albeit with weak correlations, between stress scales, depression, anxiety, somatization, and the prevalence of awake bruxism, particularly among males. Only in females was sleep bruxism correlated with emotional parameters, whereas no significant difference in sleep bruxism was observed in males throughout the stages of the study. The manual years of dental education were found to be linked to higher levels of emotional distress and awake bruxism, particularly in men. Sleep bruxism, on the other hand, was not directly linked to emotional factors, implying a distinct etiology.