scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis Using Resistance Gene Analog-Based Markers to Support Morphological Characterization of Shallots

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Lina Herlina ◽  
Reflinur Reflinur ◽  
Kristianto Nugroho ◽  
Rerenstradika T. Terryana ◽  
Sobir Sobir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Resistance Gene Analog ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Conserved Domain

<p>Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Indonesia. The limited knowledge available on the genetic diversity and the threat of plant disease have been major problems to maintain high shallot production in Indonesia. Development of molecular markers linked to disease resistance is required for molecular breeding activity in this crop. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity at conserved domain of resistance gene analog (RGA) in a set of 36 Indonesian shallot genotypes to complement morphological characterization. Twelve morphological and fifteen molecular markers traits were investigated in an attempt to characterize and to discriminate the Indonesian shallots genotypes. Characterization at orphological level indicated that phenotypic variance was highest for total bulb weight (TWB, cv = 99.39%) and the least for the plant height (PH, cv = 28.16%). The correlation analysis between traits showed that TWB and number of bulb (NB), TWB and bulb weight per plant (WB), NB and WB, and WB and PH were positively correlated. Molecular analysis revealed a total of 1,512 alleles with an average of 1.946 alleles per locus. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.253 to 0.676 and six out of 15 RGA markers were highly informative with PIC values ≥0.50. Based on cluster analysis, the 36 Indonesian shallot genotypes were clearly discriminated into six major groups. These results revealed that the RGA-based markers could support the morphological characterization in evaluating the genetic diversity of shallots. </p>

Genetic variation of populations of Pinus oocarpa revealed by resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP)

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Díaz ◽  
E Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Resistance Gene Analog ◽  
Resistance Gene Analogs ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Pinus Oocarpa

Primers based on conserved motifs of plant resistance genes were used to generate multilocus molecular markers — referred to as resistance gene analog polymorphisms (RGAPs) — in Pinus oocarpa subsp. oocarpa. Ten populations from three regions of Nicaragua were analyzed with 53 RGAPs. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of within- and between-population diversity with this kind of marker, and to compare estimates with previously obtained results based on RAPD and AFLP. All populations showed high levels of diversity. GST values and the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed most variation to be within populations, although significant differences between populations and regions were also detected. This pattern of genetic diversity was similar to that obtained for RAPD and AFLP, which suggests that variation at RGAP loci as detected in this work is mostly influence by non-selective forces.Key words: resistance gene analogs, molecular markers, genetic diversity, population structure, Pinus oocarpa.

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rheum species (Endangered Medicinal Herb of Indian Himalayan Region) using Molecular Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Anjali Uniyal ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
Sweta Upadhyay ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Herb ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Simple Sequence

The Rheum species are important medicinal plants that are facing extinction due to their unplanned development and overexploitation by pharmaceutical industries. DNA polymorphisms are not prone to environmental modifications, thus they are widely used for the identification and characterization of plants. The use of different molecular markers has enabled the researchers for the valuation of genetic variability and diversity in its natural zone of distribution. The conventional approach may take several years to yield this information. For the estimation of molecular and genetic variations in geographical zone of distribution, various molecular markers technique are available like RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA), RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats), SSR and AFLP. The uses of different molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity have been discussed in the review.

scholarly journals Molecular markers in the improvement of Allium crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R.D. Chinnappareddy ◽  
K. Khandagale ◽  
A. Chennareddy ◽  
V.G. Ramappa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ssr Development ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Diversity Estimates

The genus Allium (Family: Alliaceae) is the most important among the bulbous vegetable crops. characterization of Alliums based on phenotypic traits is influenced by the environment and leads to biased diversity estimates. Recognizing the potential of DNA markers in plant breeding, researchers have adopted the molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and characterization of different quality traits in Alliums. This review presents details about the use of DNA markers in Alliums for cultivar identification, diversity studies, SSR development, colour improvement, total soluble solids (TSS), cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and efforts of DNA sequencing. As there are no such reports to describe the above work under a single heading, we decided to mine literature for those who are working in onion, garlic, chives and leek improvement to generate new insights in the subject.

Schistosome genetic diversity: the implications of population structure as detected with microsatellite markers

Parasitology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. S51-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CURTIS ◽  
R. E. SORENSEN ◽  
D. J. MINCHELLA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mitochondrial Marker ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Blood Flukes

Blood flukes in the genus Schistosoma are important human parasites in tropical regions. A substantial amount of genetic diversity has been described in populations of these parasites using molecular markers. We first consider the extent of genetic variation found in Schistosoma mansoni and some factors that may be contributing to this variation. Recently, though, attempts have been made to analyze not only the genetic diversity but how that diversity is partitioned within natural populations of schistosomes. Studies with non-allelic molecular markers (e.g. RAPDs and mtVNTRs) have indicated that schistosome populations exhibit varying levels of gene flow among component subpopulations. The recent characterization of microsatellite markers for S. mansoni provided an opportunity to study schistosome population structure within a population of schistosomes from a single Brazilian village using allelic markers. Whereas the detection of population structure depends strongly on the type of analysis with a mitochondrial marker, analyses with a set of seven microsatellite loci consistently revealed moderate genetic differentiation when village boroughs were used to define parasite subpopulations and greater subdivision when human hosts defined subpopulations. Finally, we discuss the implications that such strong population structure might have on schistosome epidemiology.

Development of resistance gene analog polymorphism markers for the Yr9 gene resistance to wheat stripe rust

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z X Shi ◽  
X M Chen ◽  
R F Line ◽  
H Leung ◽  
C R Wellings
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Resistance Gene Analog ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Isogenic Line ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Rye Translocations

The Yr9 gene, which confers resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (P. s. tritici) and originated from rye, is present in many wheat cultivars. To develop molecular markers for Yr9, a Yr9 near-isogenic line, near-isogenic lines with nine other Yr genes, and the recurrent wheat parent 'Avocet Susceptible' were evaluated for resistance in the seedling stage to North American P. s. tritici races under controlled temperature in the greenhouse. The resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) technique was used to identify molecular markers for Yr9. The BC7:F2 and BC7:F3 progeny, which were developed by backcrossing the Yr9 donor wheat cultivar Clement with 'Avocet Susceptible', were evaluated for resistance to stripe rust races. Genomic DNA was extracted from 203 BC7:F2 plants and used for cosegregation analysis. Of 16 RGAP markers confirmed by cosegregation analysis, 4 were coincident with Yr9 and 12 were closely linked to Yr9 with a genetic distance ranging from 1 to 18 cM. Analyses of nulli-tetrasomic 'Chinese Spring' lines with the codominant RGAP marker Xwgp13 confirmed that the markers and Yr9 were located on chromosome 1B. Six wheat cultivars reported to have 1B/1R wheat-rye translocations and, presumably, Yr9, and two rye cultivars were inoculated with four races of P. s. tritici and tested with 9 of the 16 RGAP markers. Results of these tests indicate that 'Clement', 'Aurora', 'Lovrin 10', 'Lovrin 13', and 'Riebesel 47/51' have Yr9 and that 'Weique' does not have Yr9. The genetic information and molecular markers obtained from this study should be useful in cloning Yr9, in identifying germplasm that may have Yr9, and in using marker-assisted selection for combining Yr9 with other stripe rust resistance genes.Key words: molecular markers, Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, resistance gene analog polymorphism, Triticum aestivum.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Prunus mahaleb L. rootstock canditates by ISSR markers

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ozyurt ◽  
Yasar Akca ◽  
Sezai Ercisli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Prunus Mahaleb ◽  
Clear Differentiation

Prunus mahaleb is widely used as rootstocks particularly on calcareous and dry soils for both sweet and sour cherry cultivars in Turkey. Genetic diversity and relationships among members of Prunus mahaleb including 29 preselected rootstock candidate accessions from Tokat region in Turkey were investigated by using 15 ISSR markers. The study revealed high genetic diversity among accessions, detecting 138 fragments, of which 103 (75%) were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands per primer was between 3-13, with average of 6.86. The primers 890 and 891 gave the highest polymorphism ratio (100%). The UPGMA dendrogram and the principal coordinate analysis revealed a clear differentiation among accessions. Reference rootstock, SL-64 clustered separately. The study demonstrates that ISSRs provide promising marker tools in revealing genetic diversity and relationships in Prunus mahaleb rootstock candidate accessions and can contribute to efficient identification, conservation, and utilization of germplasm for rootstock improvement through conventional as well as molecular breeding approaches.

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