scholarly journals Daya Tumbuh Tanaman Jeruk Kalamondin Hasil Perbanyakan Via Somatik Embriogenesis In Vitro pada Batang Bawah JC

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Nirmala Frianti Devy ◽  
Arri Sugiyanto ◽  
Farida Yulianti

Perbanyakan tanaman buah dengan metode sambung pada produk in vitro telah banyak dilakukan. Pada tanaman jeruk, batang bawah merupakan hal penting karena sistem perakaran yang lebih baik dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit akar dibandingkan batang atas komersial.  Penelitian penyambungan in vitro dan ex vitro jeruk Kalamondin hasil perbanyakan somatik embriogenesis (SE) pada batang bawah JC dilakukan di Laboratorium Somatik Embriogensis dan Rumah Pembibitan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro), pada Januari – Desember 2010. Penyambungan dilakukan pada dua kondisi, yaitu (1) kondisi in vitro, yaitu embrio dan planlet Kalamondin disambungkan pada planlet JC dan (2) ex vitro atau kondisi lapangan, yaitu batang atas jenis embrio dan planlet disambungkan pada batang bawah JC dengan perlakuan tiga macam, yaitu planlet JC hasil perbanyakan  SE berumur 4 dan 8 bulan setelah aklimatisasi, serta semaian biji umur 8 bulan.  Masing-masing kegiatan disusun secara rancangan acak kelompok dan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga ulangan dengan unit percobaan masing-masing empat tanaman.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa daya tumbuh tanaman jeruk hasil sambungan antara Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) hasil perbanyakan SE pada batang bawah JC secara ex vitro lebih baik dibanding in vitro. Pada kegiatan in vitro,  sampai dengan umur 10 bulan setelah penyambungan, persentase sambungan yang tidak jadi (mati) dipengaruhi oleh jenis batang atas yang digunakan, di mana penggunaan planlet sebagai batang atas menyebabkan persentase kematian lebih tinggi dibandingkan penggunaan embrio.  Pada penyambungan ex vitro, tidak ada interaksi antara perlakuan batang bawah dengan batang atas pada semua parameter pengamatan, dengan tinggi tanaman hasil sambung pada umur 10 bulan rerata mencapai 53,7 cm. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa hasil perbanyakan jeruk melalui SE, baik berupa embrio kotiledonari maupun planlet dapat difungsikan sebagai batang atas dan tumbuh dengan memuaskan bila disambungkan dengan batang bawah jeruk secara ex vitro.<br /><br /><br />The fruit plant propagation by grafting method of product in vitro has been documented already.  The using of a rootstock is a very important thing in citrus propagation industry.  Besides of its better root system, it has an important role on preventing root diseases attack where scion part relatively more susceptible.  The research of the Calamondin derived from somatic embryogenesis (SE) propagation that grafted in vitro and ex vitro on JC rootstock grafting was conducted in Somatic Embryogenesis Laboratory and Nursery House of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute (ICISFRI) from January to December 2010.  This research using both embryos and plantlets of citrus cv. Calamondin derived from SE propagation in vitro as stocks and JC as rootstock, respectively. The grafting was done on the two conditions, (1) in vitro i.e. the stock was grafted on the JC plantlet and (2) field condition i.e. the stock plant was grafted on to three treatments rootstock ( 4 and 8 months acclimated SE plant and 8 months age-seedling of JC).  The activities were arranged as randomized block design and factorial rondomized complete design respectively, with three replications with four plants for each experimental unit.  The results showed that the growth of citrus cv. Calamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) derived from SE propagation on JC rootstock at ex vitro activity better than in vitro activity.  At in vitro activity, up to 10 months after grafting, percentage of death grafting influenced by type of stock, where the used of plantlets as stock causing more death grafting than embryo.  At another activity, there was no interaction between treatment effect with the combination rootstock and stock treatment for all parameters, with plants height average reached 53.7 cm. From this research, we could make a conclusion that the product of propagation via somatic embryogenesis technique, both cotyledonary embryos and plantlets, could be used as a stock that would growth satisfactory if they grafted on the citrus rootstock ex vitro.<br /><br /><br />

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nirmala Friyanti Devy ◽  
Yenni Yenni ◽  
Hardiyanto Hardiyanto

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of callus culture in vitro is one of citrus propagation ways for producing free virus and genetically true-to-type plantlets. To induce growing of plantlets derived from this technology, they should be grafted ex vitro onto a citrus rootstock. The research aimed to evaluate the growth performance of citrus plants cv. Siam Kintamani (Citrus nobilis L.) that used both plantlets and scions as their stocks. The research was conducted at Tlekung Research Station, Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from June 2011 to December 2012. The treatments were done at nursery house by grafting a plantlet and budding a scion onto an eight-month-old Japanese Citroon (JC) rootstock plant. The grafted and budded plants of one-year old were maintained at nursery house then transplanted into the field. In the field, the research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and used 15 plants as unit samples. The results showed that the vegetative growth of Siam Kintamani seedling derived from SE or grafted plant was faster than that of budded plant started from 10 to 12 months after treatment in the nersery house. In the field, the growth of SE grafted plant was only significantly different up to 6 months after transplanting. Plantlets produced from SE in vitro propagation can be used as a good alternative stock material for producing healthy citrus plants. Therefore, a further research is required especially on varieties used, reproductive growth and massive planlets production.


2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nirmala Friyanti Devy ◽  
Yenni Yenni ◽  
Hardiyanto Hardiyanto

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of callus culture in vitro is one of citrus propagation ways for producing free virus and genetically true-to-type plantlets. To induce growing of plantlets derived from this technology, they should be grafted ex vitro onto a citrus rootstock. The research aimed to evaluate the growth performance of citrus plants cv. Siam Kintamani (Citrus nobilis L.) that used both plantlets and scions as their stocks. The research was conducted at Tlekung Research Station, Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from June 2011 to December 2012. The treatments were done at nursery house by grafting a plantlet and budding a scion onto an eight-month-old Japanese Citroon (JC) rootstock plant. The grafted and budded plants of one-year old were maintained at nursery house then transplanted into the field. In the field, the research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and used 15 plants as unit samples. The results showed that the vegetative growth of Siam Kintamani seedling derived from SE or grafted plant was faster than that of budded plant started from 10 to 12 months after treatment in the nersery house. In the field, the growth of SE grafted plant was only significantly different up to 6 months after transplanting. Plantlets produced from SE in vitro propagation can be used as a good alternative stock material for producing healthy citrus plants. Therefore, a further research is required especially on varieties used, reproductive growth and massive planlets production.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Tirtha Juliana ◽  
Mayta Novaliza Isda ◽  
Dyah Iriani

AbstrakGarcinia mangostana L. dikenal dengan sebutan queen of the tropical fruits. Buah manggis terbentuk secara apomiksis yang bersifat rekalsitran. Salah satu cara perbanyakan tanaman manggis adalah dengan teknik kultur in vitro melalui embriogenesis somatik. Embriogenesis somatik manggis dilakukan dengan pembentukan kalus terlebih dahulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi terbaik BAP dan madu secara tunggal serta kombinasinya dalam pembentukan embriogenesis somatik pada kalus biji manggis asal Bengkalis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan pemberian konsentrasi BAP (3 dan 7 mg/L) dan madu (3, 6, dan 9 mL/L), secara baik tunggal maupun kombinasi, pada media Murashige-Skoog (MS) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BAP dan madu dalam seluruh perlakuan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan fase-fase embriogenesis somatik kalus manggis. Konsentrasi terbaik dalam pembentukan fase embriogenesis somatik diperoleh dari perlakuan 3 mg/L BAP + 9 mL/L madu dengan presentase pembentukan kalus 100%, waktu muncul kalus 10,67 hst, volume kalus 1,33 dan adanya fase embriogenesis somatik berupa globular, hati, dan torpedo.Abstract Garcinia mangostana L. was known as the queen of the tropical fruits. Mangosteen was formed by apomixis which is recalcitrant. One of the methods of mangosteen propagation is by using a tissue culture technique through somatic embryogenesis. Mangosteen somatic embryogenesis occurs preceded by callus formation. This study aimed to determine the best concentration of BAP and honey in single as well as in combination for the formation phase of somatic embryogenesis in the callus of mangosteen from Bengkalis. The study used a randomized block design with the addition of BAP (3 and 7 mg/L) and honey (3; 6; and 9 mL/L) either single or combination in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with 3 replications. The results of this study indicated that the addition of BAP and honey in all treatments affected the phases of somatic embryogenesis of  mangosteen callus. The best concentration in the formation of somatic embryogenesis was obtained from, the treatment of 3 mg/L BAP + 9 mL/L which produced 100% of callus formation, with callus emergence time of 10.67 days after plantation, callus volume of 1.33 and the presence of somatic embryogenesis in the form of globular, heart, and torpedo.


Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Husni ◽  
S Ross ◽  
O Dale ◽  
C Gemelli ◽  
G Ma ◽  
...  

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