scholarly journals EMBRIOGENESIS SOMATIK DARI KALUS MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) ASAL BENGKALIS DENGAN PEMBERIAN BAP DAN MADU SECARA IN VITRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Tirtha Juliana ◽  
Mayta Novaliza Isda ◽  
Dyah Iriani
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Callus Volume

AbstrakGarcinia mangostana L. dikenal dengan sebutan queen of the tropical fruits. Buah manggis terbentuk secara apomiksis yang bersifat rekalsitran. Salah satu cara perbanyakan tanaman manggis adalah dengan teknik kultur in vitro melalui embriogenesis somatik. Embriogenesis somatik manggis dilakukan dengan pembentukan kalus terlebih dahulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi terbaik BAP dan madu secara tunggal serta kombinasinya dalam pembentukan embriogenesis somatik pada kalus biji manggis asal Bengkalis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan pemberian konsentrasi BAP (3 dan 7 mg/L) dan madu (3, 6, dan 9 mL/L), secara baik tunggal maupun kombinasi, pada media Murashige-Skoog (MS) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BAP dan madu dalam seluruh perlakuan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan fase-fase embriogenesis somatik kalus manggis. Konsentrasi terbaik dalam pembentukan fase embriogenesis somatik diperoleh dari perlakuan 3 mg/L BAP + 9 mL/L madu dengan presentase pembentukan kalus 100%, waktu muncul kalus 10,67 hst, volume kalus 1,33 dan adanya fase embriogenesis somatik berupa globular, hati, dan torpedo.Abstract Garcinia mangostana L. was known as the queen of the tropical fruits. Mangosteen was formed by apomixis which is recalcitrant. One of the methods of mangosteen propagation is by using a tissue culture technique through somatic embryogenesis. Mangosteen somatic embryogenesis occurs preceded by callus formation. This study aimed to determine the best concentration of BAP and honey in single as well as in combination for the formation phase of somatic embryogenesis in the callus of mangosteen from Bengkalis. The study used a randomized block design with the addition of BAP (3 and 7 mg/L) and honey (3; 6; and 9 mL/L) either single or combination in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with 3 replications. The results of this study indicated that the addition of BAP and honey in all treatments affected the phases of somatic embryogenesis of  mangosteen callus. The best concentration in the formation of somatic embryogenesis was obtained from, the treatment of 3 mg/L BAP + 9 mL/L which produced 100% of callus formation, with callus emergence time of 10.67 days after plantation, callus volume of 1.33 and the presence of somatic embryogenesis in the form of globular, heart, and torpedo.

scholarly journals THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CITRUS DERIVED FROM SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS PLANTLET AND SCION STOCK

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nirmala Friyanti Devy ◽  
Yenni Yenni ◽  
Hardiyanto Hardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
One Year

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of callus culture in vitro is one of citrus propagation ways for producing free virus and genetically true-to-type plantlets. To induce growing of plantlets derived from this technology, they should be grafted ex vitro onto a citrus rootstock. The research aimed to evaluate the growth performance of citrus plants cv. Siam Kintamani (Citrus nobilis L.) that used both plantlets and scions as their stocks. The research was conducted at Tlekung Research Station, Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from June 2011 to December 2012. The treatments were done at nursery house by grafting a plantlet and budding a scion onto an eight-month-old Japanese Citroon (JC) rootstock plant. The grafted and budded plants of one-year old were maintained at nursery house then transplanted into the field. In the field, the research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and used 15 plants as unit samples. The results showed that the vegetative growth of Siam Kintamani seedling derived from SE or grafted plant was faster than that of budded plant started from 10 to 12 months after treatment in the nersery house. In the field, the growth of SE grafted plant was only significantly different up to 6 months after transplanting. Plantlets produced from SE in vitro propagation can be used as a good alternative stock material for producing healthy citrus plants. Therefore, a further research is required especially on varieties used, reproductive growth and massive planlets production.

scholarly journals THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF CITRUS DERIVED FROM SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS PLANTLET AND SCION STOCK

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nirmala Friyanti Devy ◽  
Yenni Yenni ◽  
Hardiyanto Hardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
One Year

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) of callus culture in vitro is one of citrus propagation ways for producing free virus and genetically true-to-type plantlets. To induce growing of plantlets derived from this technology, they should be grafted ex vitro onto a citrus rootstock. The research aimed to evaluate the growth performance of citrus plants cv. Siam Kintamani (Citrus nobilis L.) that used both plantlets and scions as their stocks. The research was conducted at Tlekung Research Station, Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from June 2011 to December 2012. The treatments were done at nursery house by grafting a plantlet and budding a scion onto an eight-month-old Japanese Citroon (JC) rootstock plant. The grafted and budded plants of one-year old were maintained at nursery house then transplanted into the field. In the field, the research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and used 15 plants as unit samples. The results showed that the vegetative growth of Siam Kintamani seedling derived from SE or grafted plant was faster than that of budded plant started from 10 to 12 months after treatment in the nersery house. In the field, the growth of SE grafted plant was only significantly different up to 6 months after transplanting. Plantlets produced from SE in vitro propagation can be used as a good alternative stock material for producing healthy citrus plants. Therefore, a further research is required especially on varieties used, reproductive growth and massive planlets production.

scholarly journals Daya Tumbuh Tanaman Jeruk Kalamondin Hasil Perbanyakan Via Somatik Embriogenesis In Vitro pada Batang Bawah JC

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Nirmala Frianti Devy ◽  
Arri Sugiyanto ◽  
Farida Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Citrus Rootstock

Perbanyakan tanaman buah dengan metode sambung pada produk in vitro telah banyak dilakukan. Pada tanaman jeruk, batang bawah merupakan hal penting karena sistem perakaran yang lebih baik dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit akar dibandingkan batang atas komersial.  Penelitian penyambungan in vitro dan ex vitro jeruk Kalamondin hasil perbanyakan somatik embriogenesis (SE) pada batang bawah JC dilakukan di Laboratorium Somatik Embriogensis dan Rumah Pembibitan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro), pada Januari – Desember 2010. Penyambungan dilakukan pada dua kondisi, yaitu (1) kondisi in vitro, yaitu embrio dan planlet Kalamondin disambungkan pada planlet JC dan (2) ex vitro atau kondisi lapangan, yaitu batang atas jenis embrio dan planlet disambungkan pada batang bawah JC dengan perlakuan tiga macam, yaitu planlet JC hasil perbanyakan  SE berumur 4 dan 8 bulan setelah aklimatisasi, serta semaian biji umur 8 bulan.  Masing-masing kegiatan disusun secara rancangan acak kelompok dan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga ulangan dengan unit percobaan masing-masing empat tanaman.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa daya tumbuh tanaman jeruk hasil sambungan antara Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) hasil perbanyakan SE pada batang bawah JC secara ex vitro lebih baik dibanding in vitro. Pada kegiatan in vitro,  sampai dengan umur 10 bulan setelah penyambungan, persentase sambungan yang tidak jadi (mati) dipengaruhi oleh jenis batang atas yang digunakan, di mana penggunaan planlet sebagai batang atas menyebabkan persentase kematian lebih tinggi dibandingkan penggunaan embrio.  Pada penyambungan ex vitro, tidak ada interaksi antara perlakuan batang bawah dengan batang atas pada semua parameter pengamatan, dengan tinggi tanaman hasil sambung pada umur 10 bulan rerata mencapai 53,7 cm. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa hasil perbanyakan jeruk melalui SE, baik berupa embrio kotiledonari maupun planlet dapat difungsikan sebagai batang atas dan tumbuh dengan memuaskan bila disambungkan dengan batang bawah jeruk secara ex vitro.<br /><br /><br />The fruit plant propagation by grafting method of product in vitro has been documented already.  The using of a rootstock is a very important thing in citrus propagation industry.  Besides of its better root system, it has an important role on preventing root diseases attack where scion part relatively more susceptible.  The research of the Calamondin derived from somatic embryogenesis (SE) propagation that grafted in vitro and ex vitro on JC rootstock grafting was conducted in Somatic Embryogenesis Laboratory and Nursery House of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute (ICISFRI) from January to December 2010.  This research using both embryos and plantlets of citrus cv. Calamondin derived from SE propagation in vitro as stocks and JC as rootstock, respectively. The grafting was done on the two conditions, (1) in vitro i.e. the stock was grafted on the JC plantlet and (2) field condition i.e. the stock plant was grafted on to three treatments rootstock ( 4 and 8 months acclimated SE plant and 8 months age-seedling of JC).  The activities were arranged as randomized block design and factorial rondomized complete design respectively, with three replications with four plants for each experimental unit.  The results showed that the growth of citrus cv. Calamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) derived from SE propagation on JC rootstock at ex vitro activity better than in vitro activity.  At in vitro activity, up to 10 months after grafting, percentage of death grafting influenced by type of stock, where the used of plantlets as stock causing more death grafting than embryo.  At another activity, there was no interaction between treatment effect with the combination rootstock and stock treatment for all parameters, with plants height average reached 53.7 cm. From this research, we could make a conclusion that the product of propagation via somatic embryogenesis technique, both cotyledonary embryos and plantlets, could be used as a stock that would growth satisfactory if they grafted on the citrus rootstock ex vitro.<br /><br /><br />

scholarly journals Lippia graveolens (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) and Oryganum vulgare (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) obtained by means of the in vitro propagation technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. Aguilar Morales ◽  
Armandina De la Cruz Olvera ◽  
E. Archundia-Garduño ◽  
Rosy G. Cruz Monterrosa ◽  
Mayra Díaz-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the method of propagation of Oryganum vulgare and Lippia graveolens employing a plant tissue culture technique that decreased the phenolization percentages and increased the multiplication coefficients. Design/ methodology/ approach: The in vitro germination percentage was evaluated in both MS and MS medium + activated carbon. Microcuttings (small shoots) of both species were established in base medium added with different antioxidant agents to decrease the phenolization of explants; the treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block  design. For the propagation phase, a completely randomized factorial design was used, where the auxin/cytokinin phytoregulators, type of explants (axillary buds and leaves), and the species (Lippia graveolens and Oryganum vulgare)  were considered as factors. Results: maximum germination (63.3% ±12.5) was obtained on day 15 ​​in both culture media for L. graveolens and O. vulgare. The use of antioxidant agents mainly activated carbon, increased the in vitro establishment and activation of vegetative buds in both species by up to 90%. There were significant differences in the variables evaluated regarding the treatments, the explant, and the species in the multiplication phase. The combination 1.0/ 0.5 mg L-1 BA/AIB induces callus formation for both species. When used as leaf explants, callus formation was potentiated. Study Limitations / Implications: The results presented are advances from a long-term experiment. Findings/conclusions: The germination of L. graveolens seeds can be achieved in MS medium after 15 days. Microcuttings of both L. graveolens and O. vulgare were successfully established in MS basal medium enriched with 1 g L-1 charcoal that showed low oxidation percentages and induced up to 90% the production of shoots in the explants. The mixture of 1.0/0.5 mg L-1 BA/AIB induces callus formation for both species; when this medium is in contact with leaves as an explant, its formation is potentiated, achieving diameters up to 15 mm. In order to achieve the induction of shoots and roots, buds should be established in MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg L-1 IBA for both species; this mixture encreased the multiplication coefficients

scholarly journals Kajian Konsentrasi Iaa dan Bap pada Multiplikasi Pisang Raja Bulu In Vitro dan Aklimatisasinya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eddy Tri Haryanto ◽  
Retno Bandriyati Arniputri ◽  
Endang Setia Muliawati ◽  
Ellyvia Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Appearance

<p>Banana is a tropical fruit plant that popular in people. The availability of Raja Bulu banana seedling insufficient to cover the needs. Problems in commercial banana cultivation is the least availability of clonal superior seeds. Multiplication in tissue culture technique can potentially overcome all limitations of Raja Bulu conventional seedling. So that, the objective of this research was to multiplicate an amount of Raja Bulu banana shoot using plant growth regulator in MS medium to initially produce shoot organs. The multiplication was done by Completely Randomized Design with 2 factor of IAA (0; 0,5; 1 ppm) and BAP (0, 2, 4 ppm). The data were analyzed by ANOVA and the mean compared using Duncan’s pairwise comparisons at p = 0,05. The acclimatization was design by Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 different media of palm fiber, bagasse, and banana pseudo stem then analyzed by ANCOV. The results showed there was interaction of IAA and BAP on variables at the appearance of shoots and the leaf appearance in multiplication. The medium without IAA and contained BAP 2 ppm showed the highest mean number of shoot but it was not cost effective with other treatment in this multiplication. Giving IAA 0,5 ppm with BAP 4 ppm accelerated when the shoots appear and when the leaves appear on multiplication Raja Bulu banana. There was no significant interaction or influence of IAA and BAP on plant height, leaf number, and pseudo stem diameter as acclimatization variable with 3 medium used. The percentage of acclimatization success is 76,5%.</p>

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals Optimation of In vitro Lateral Shoots Multiplication of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) “Callina” with BAP and NAA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Darda Efendi ◽  
Mirza R Putra
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Set Up

Papaya is a popular fruit and is grown commercially in many subtropical and tropical countries. Papayas are generally grown from seeds; therefore the offsprings are not true-to-type and could come in three sexes, female, male, and hermaphrodite. Clonal propagation is required to obtain to grow true-to-type hermaphrodite papayas. In this research, we developed an in vitro protocol for shoot multiplication from lateral shoots from in vitro germinated papaya seedlings. The in vitro propagated plant materials could potentially be used as a source of papaya micro cuttings, or as scion for papaya grafting. The experiment was set up as a factorial experiment with NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mg.L-1, and BAP at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg.L-1 in a completely randomized block design. BAP interacted with NAA in affecting the shoot production per explant. The optimum BAP and NAA concentration to produce lateral shoots was 0.54 mg. L-1 and 0.1 mg.L-1, respectively. Media without NAA reduced the number of lateral shoots and number of leaf per explant at any BAP concentration.Keywords: hermaphrodite, seeds, true to type, clonal propagation, micro cuttings.

scholarly journals The effect of auxin 2,4-D and cytokinin 2-ip on direct somatic embryogenesis formation of Coffea arabica L. leaf explant

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Arimarsetiowati
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

One of the propagation technique for coffee plant production is tissue culture. Tissue culture technique for Coffea arabica L. faces some problems, mainly in the planlet formation regenerated from explants. The objective of this experiment was to examine the effect 2,4-D and 2-ip combination on the formation of direct somatic embryogenesis of Coffea arabica L. in leaves explant. Auxin (2,4-D) and cytokinin (2-ip) concentrations of, respectively, 1; 5 µM and 5; 10; 15; 20 were used as treatments. This research was conducted using completely randomized design with 10 replications. Observation to induce somatic embryos was done by quantitatively on number of callus from explant and number of embryogenic callus. Beside that, observation by qualitative descriptive was also done on deve lopment of embryogenesis. The results showed that Arabica coffee leaves explant of AS 2K clones could be induced in all medium combination except 5µM 2,4-D and 20µM 2-ip combination. Arabica coffee leaves explant of S 795, Sigararutang and AS 1 varieties could be induced in all medium combination. The highest frequency of callus formation was found in AS 2K, Sigararutang and AS 1 varieties on medium containing 1µM 2,4-D in combination with 10µM 2-ip, whereas for the S 795 variety on medium containing 5µM 2,4-D in combination with 10µM 2-ip. The highest frequency of embriogenic callus in all Arabica coffee variety could be reached on medium containing 5µM 2,4-D in combination with 15µM 2-ip. Key words : Coffea arabica L., somatic embryogenesis, 2,4-D, 2-ip, tissue culture, leaves, callus embryogenic.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteria Dalam Menghambat Perkembangan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) Pada Padi Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Hanisa Desy Ariani ◽  
Noor Aidawati ◽  
Dewi Arika Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Blight Disease

One of the causes of the declining productivity of rice is sheath blight disease caused by the mold Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Control of sheath blight disease that is often done by the farmers is by using chemical pesticides (fungicides), which caused environmental problems. One way to reduce the use of pesticides is to biological control by using antagonist bacteria. This study aimed at in vitro test of rhizobacteria in preventing the development of sheath blight disease in rice plants. This research was conducted in the Phytopathology laboratory of Plant Protection Department of Faculty Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru from March to May 2018. The experiment used a randomized block design with three groups consisting of eight types of rhizobacteria isolates: (r1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala), (r2) Bacillus megaterium (Hulu Sungai Tengah), (r3) Azotobacter sp. (Barito Kuala), (r4) Pseudomonas sp. (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r5) Flavobacterium sp. (Tanah Laut), (r6) Bacillus bodius (Barito Kuala), (r7) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r8) Necercia sp. (Tanah Laut). The results showed that all rhizobacteria have the ability to inhibit the development of R. solani with different percentages of inhibitions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala) was the most effective rhizobacteria in inhibiting the development of R. solani.

scholarly journals The Effect of Processing and Cooling Methods on Coleus tuberosus in vitro Starch Digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Jhauharotul Muchlisyiyah ◽  
Tri Dewanti Widyaningsih ◽  
Retno Wulansari ◽  
Hera Sisca Prasmita
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cooling Methods ◽  
Total Starch

Coleus tuberosus, also known as black potato, is one of the Indonesian local tubers consumed as a carbohydrate substituent. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of processing and cooling methods on the in vitro digestibility of black potato starch. Furthermore, two factors Randomized Block Design with a 2x3 experimental design was used, which consisted of processing methods (boiling, roasting, and microwave) and cooling at room temperature and 4 °C for 24 hours with 3 repetitions. Black potato flour was compared with the raw form, by assessing some parameters, namely Resistant Starch (RS), Slowly Digestible Starch (SDS), Rapidly Digestible Starch (RDS), and Glycemic Index (GI). Also, the analysis of total starch, moisture, and color was performed, hence raw black potatoes generally have 10% resistant starch (%wb). Different treatments of cooking and cooling had a significant effect (α = 0.05) on moisture content, total starch, RS, RDS, SDS, GI, brightness (L), and yellowness (b). Black potatoes subjected to the processing method followed by cooling had lower RDS and increased RS content. Furthermore, refrigeration at 4°C for 24 hours reduced the digestibility of black potato starch more than cooling at room temperature. Contrarily, microwaved black potato cooled at room temperature showed a higher digestion rate compared to the raw counterpart. Conclusively, processing followed by cooling reduces the GI and increases the RS content of Coleus tuberosus.

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