A New Dyed-Plug Method for Measuring Short-Term Erosion and Deposition in Coastal Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. Plante ◽  
Caroline Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Erosion And Deposition

MOUSETRAP — A DETERMINISTIC SEWER FLOW QUALITY MODEL

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Crabtree ◽  
H. Garsdal ◽  
R. Gent ◽  
O. Mark ◽  
J. Dórge
Keyword(s):  
Storm Event ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Flow Quality

Recent research into the behaviour of sediments and associated pollutants in sewers has formed the foundation for a dynamic pollutograph-based sewer flow quality simulation model called MOUSETRAP. This is a new component to the MOUSE sewer system hydraulic modelling package. MOUSETRAP has been developed by an international consortium of sewer model developers and users to predict short term variations in sewer flow quality and sediment transport in response to storm events. MOUSETRAP is composed of a series of modules to represent: the quality of surface run off; sediment and pollutant transport, erosion and deposition within pipes; and the biological and chemical processes within the sewer system. By representing the current understanding of real sewer sediments, this new tool gives the user the capability to simulate storm event pollutographs incorporating first foul flush phenomena. The paper describes the basis of the new MOUSETRAP modules. Results of initial theoretical testing and pilot study applications are presented to illustrate the model's capabilities and potential for use in the management of urban wastewater discharges.

scholarly journals UAV Imaging of a Martian Brine Analogue Environment in a Fluvio-Aeolian Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshuman Bhardwaj ◽  
Lydia Sam ◽  
F. Martín-Torres ◽  
María-Paz Zorzano ◽  
Juan Ramírez Luque
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Volume Transport ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Recurring Slope Lineae

Understanding extraterrestrial environments and landforms through remote sensing and terrestrial analogy has gained momentum in recent years due to advances in remote sensing platforms, sensors, and computing efficiency. The seasonal brines of the largest salt plateau on Earth in Salar de Uyuni (Bolivian Altiplano) have been inadequately studied for their localized hydrodynamics and the regolith volume transport across the freshwater-brine mixing zones. These brines have recently been projected as a new analogue site for the proposed Martian brines, such as recurring slope lineae (RSL) and slope streaks. The Martian brines have been postulated to be the result of ongoing deliquescence-based salt-hydrology processes on contemporary Mars, similar to the studied Salar de Uyuni brines. As part of a field-site campaign during the cold and dry season in the latter half of August 2017, we deployed an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) at two sites of the Salar de Uyuni to perform detailed terrain mapping and geomorphometry. We generated high-resolution (2 cm/pixel) photogrammetric digital elevation models (DEMs) for observing and quantifying short-term terrain changes within the brines and their surroundings. The achieved co-registration for the temporal DEMs was considerably high, from which precise inferences regarding the terrain dynamics were derived. The observed average rate of bottom surface elevation change for brines was ~1.02 mm/day, with localized signs of erosion and deposition. Additionally, we observed short-term changes in the adjacent geomorphology and salt cracks. We conclude that the transferred regolith volume via such brines can be extremely low, well within the resolution limits of the remote sensors that are currently orbiting Mars, thereby making it difficult to resolve the topographic relief and terrain perturbations that are produced by such flows on Mars. Thus, the absence of observable erosion and deposition features within or around most of the proposed Martian RSL and slope streaks cannot be used to dismiss the possibility of fluidized flow within these features.

Short‐term economic impacts of ecological restoration in estuarine and coastal environments: A case study of Lone Cabbage Reef

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Botta ◽  
J. Scott Borsum ◽  
Edward V. Camp ◽  
Christa D. Court ◽  
Peter Frederick
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Short-term variations of platinum concentrations in contrasting coastal environments: The role of primary producers

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 103782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Abdou ◽  
Teba Gil-Díaz ◽  
Jörg Schäfer ◽  
Charlotte Catrouillet ◽  
Cécile Bossy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Primary Producers ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals a Complex Impact on Different Metabolic Pathways in Scallop Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758) after Short-Term Exposure to Copper at Environmental Dose

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Vincent Hamani ◽  
Pascaline Ory ◽  
Pierre-Edouard Bodet ◽  
Laurence Murillo ◽  
Marianne Graber
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Metabolomic Approach

Ports are a good example of how coastal environments, gathering a set of diverse ecosystems, are subjected to pollution factors coming from human activities both on land and at sea. Among them, trace element as copper represents a major factor. Abundant in port ecosystem, copper is transported by runoff water and results from diverse port features (corrosion of structures, fuel, anti-fouling products, etc.). The variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia is common in the Atlantic port areas and is likely to be directly influenced by copper pollution, due to its sessile and filtering lifestyle. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the disruption of the variegated scallop metabolism, under a short exposure (48 h) to a copper concentration frequently encountered in the waters of the largest marina in Europe (82 μg/L). For this, we chose a non-targeted metabolomic approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), offering a high level of sensitivity and allowing the study without a priori of the entire metabolome. We described 28 metabolites clearly modulated by copper. They reflected the action of copper on several biological functions such as osmoregulation, oxidative stress, reproduction and energy metabolism.

Marine and Coastal Environments

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aart Kroon
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Short Term

The present coastline of western Europe is shaped by physical processes such as wind, waves, and tidal currents, which cause the marine and coastal sediment transport. Spatial gradients in sediment transport rates induce the morphological adaptation, reflected by either an accumulation or erosion of material. All mutual interactions between these physical processes, and the resultant gradients in sediment transport together with the morphological adaptations, constitute the coastal morphodynamics. The specific initial stage of the morphology and the availability of sediment influence the direction of the morphological adaptation, whereas the rate of the morphological adaptation mostly depends on the energy input into the system. Chemical processes are of less importance in coastal environments of the high to mid-latitudes. Here most geochemical reactions are far too slow to influence the coastal morphology. However, biological processes sometimes play an important role. For example, flocculation of fine sediments by algae in estuaries (Ten Brinke 1993) or filtering by salt-marsh vegetation (Houwing 2000a, b) both positively influence the sediment accumulation rates. The long-term boundary conditions upon which the physical processes act are often determined by geology. The nature of the drainage basin that delivers fresh water and sediments into coastal waters and the nature of the shoreline can be considered as static boundary conditions for short-term morphodynamics. Tectonic forces and global sea-level rise are typical long-term geophysical forces. They will slowly change these boundary conditions, but they hardly influence the short-term adaptations of the morphology. The western European shelf fringes a series of integrated coastal environments that vary from coastal dunes and sandy beaches to estuaries and tidal basins and to sea cliffs and shore platforms. In this chapter a general description of the location and dimensions of the shores of western Europe is presented, followed by a brief summary of its geological history. The geology is focused on present-day deposits, the local lithology with sinks and sources of sediments, and with reference to some geophysical processes such as the relative sea-level rise. Thereafter, the actual coastal processes are discussed.

A novel shoreface translation model for predicting future coastal change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jak McCarroll ◽  
Gerd Masselink ◽  
Nieves Valiente ◽  
Mark Wiggins ◽  
Josie-Alice Kirby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Coastal Change ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dune Erosion ◽  
Translation Model ◽  
Bruun Rule ◽  
The Impact

<p>Predicting changes to global shorelines presents a challenge that will become increasingly urgent over coming years as sea-level rise (SLR) accelerates. Current shoreline prediction models typically estimate the impact of SLR using variations of the ‘Bruun Rule’, which fails to account for many relevant processes, potentially producing erroneous results. To address this shortcoming, we introduce a simple rule-based model that predicts change across a wide variety of sand, gravel, rock and engineered (anthropogenic) coastal environments, at the scale of years to centuries, accounting for trend rates of change as well as natural short-term variability. Applying recent findings of laboratory and field-based research, the model translates 2D cross-sections of the shoreface, then integrates these changes across multiple alongshore profiles (into pseudo-3D). Uncertainty is accounted for using a probability distribution for inputs (e.g., rate of SLR, depth of closure, depth to bedrock). The model accounts for: (1) dune erosion and slumping [for large dunes]; (2) barrier rollback and overwash [for low barriers]; (3) aeolian dune accretion; (4) non-erodible bedrock layers, including those below ‘perched’ dunes; (5) seawall and revetment backed profiles; (6) onshore transport from the lower shoreface; (7) cross-shore variability due to storm erosion; (8) alongshore variability due to beach rotation; (9) alongshore re-distribution of dune erosion across the shoreface of a closed embayment; and (10) other sources and sinks (e.g., estuary infill, longshore flux, headland bypassing, biogenic production). We apply the model to two extensively monitored macrotidal embayments in the UK: Perranporth (sandy, dissipative, cross-shore dominant transport) and Start Bay (gravel, reflective, bi-directional alongshore dominant). For the dissipative sandy site, the primary modes of coastal change are predicted to be: (1) sea-level rise profile translation; and (2) extreme event cross-shore fluctuations. By contrast, for the reflective gravel site, the primary modes are: (1) short-term fluctuations in alongshore rotation; and (2) multi-decadal trends in longshore flux. For the steep gravel barrier, sea-level rise profile translation is important but secondary. Relative to the new model, the Bruun Rule underpredicts shoreline recession in front of cliffs and seawalls, and overpredicts where large erodible dunes are present. This new shoreface translation model is easily transferable to many coastal environments and will provide a useful tool for coastal practitioners to make rapid assessments of future coastal change.</p>

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