USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES BEFORE AND AFTER COVID-19: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Palací-López ◽  
María Isabel López Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication

scholarly journals The Digital Girls Response to Pandemic: Impacts of in Presence and Online Extracurricular Activities on Girls Future Academic Choices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Francesco Faenza ◽  
Claudia Canali ◽  
Michele Colajanni ◽  
Antonella Carbonaro
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Summer Camp ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Academic Choices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication

In the last few years, several initiatives based on extracurricular activities have been organized in many countries around the world, with the aim to reduce the digital gender gap in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) fields. Among them, the Digital Girls summer camp, organized every year since 2014 by two Italian universities with the aim to attract female students to ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) disciplines, represents quite a unique initiative for its characteristics of long-duration (3–4 entire weeks) and complete gratuitousness for the participants. The COVID-19 emergency imposed severe changes to such activities, that had to be modified and carried out in the online mode as a consequence of social distancing. However, on one hand, the general lack of high-quality evaluations of these initiatives hinders the possibility to understand the actual impact of extracurricular activities on the future academic choices of the participants. On the other hand, the availability of data collected over different editions of Digital Girls has allowed us to analyze the summer camp impact and to evaluate the pros and cons of in-presence and online activities. The main contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we present an overview of existing experiences, at the national (Italian) and international levels, to increase female participation in integrated STEM and ICT fields. Second, we analyze how summer camp participation can influence girls’ future academic choices, with specific attention to ICT-related disciplines. In particular, the collection of a significant amount of data through anonymous surveys conducted before and after the camp activities over the two editions allowed us to evidence the different impacts of in-presence and online extracurricular activities.

scholarly journals THE ADOPTION AND USE OF NEW INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AT THE LEVEL OF CEE-EU COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Costea ◽  
Gabriela Arionesei ◽  
Cristian Valentin Hapenciuc
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
International Institute ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication

This paper focuses on determining the current state of adoption of new information and communication technologies by the population of EU countries from the Central and Eastern parts of Europe (referred in the paper as CEE-EU countries). We have conducted a detailed analysis between Romania and Bulgaria because there are historical, geographical, political and economic similarities between these two neighbouring countries. In order to objectively reflect the results of the comparative analysis at the regional level, we have used the data provided by the World Economic Forum through the Competitiveness Index, the International Institute for Management Development through the Competitiveness Yearbook and the International Telecommunication Union through the ICT Development Index. The results of the comparative analysis reflect many regional disparities. At the same time, it can be noticed that both Romania and Bulgaria are the countries with the weakest results regarding the penetration rate of Internet accessibility in their populations, a fact which leads to a low degree of adaptability of the human capital to new information technologies and, implicitly, a low rate of adoption of the Internet in the sphere of business and public services. This is explained by the insufficient development of ICT infrastructure in the rural area, caused by numerous factors such as insufficient economic development and the low purchasing power of the population, but also by the relatively low level of education in ICT use. Although the influx of information and communication technologies occurred after the 1990s, namely at a time when even countries like Romania or Bulgaria were already part of the free market economy, the gaps recorded during the communist regime (economic, but especially socio-cultural), were apparently difficult to recover in the years to come, therefore this upsurge in information technology has been somewhat delayed in the South-Eastern area of Europe.

scholarly journals Uso de tecnologías de la informática y comunicación (TIC) para disminuir la deserción de egresados en posgrados semipresenciales

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Víctor Hugo Méndez-Estrada ◽  
Zaidett Barrientos Llosa
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Master Program ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Conducting Research

La deserción estudiantil es un problema que los programas de educación superior deben atender con prioridad, dado que provocan inconvenientes a la hora de la acreditación universitaria, son fuente de frustración para los estudiantes y constituyen una pérdida de recursos económicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si el uso de tecnologías de la informática y comunicación, en su sentido más amplio, permite disminuir la deserción estudiantil en la maestría de Manejo de Recursos Naturales de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia UNED (Costa Rica) y aumenta su calidad y vinculación con las necesidades de la sociedad. Realizamos un análisis comparativo de indicadores de dicha maestría antes del establecimiento de dos medidas y después de ellas. Las medidas de la informática y la comunicación que se aplicaron son: 1) creación de un laboratorio de investigación y 2) generación de bases de datos de seguimiento del avance de los proyectos de investigación de estudiantes. Los periodos analizados van del 2002 hasta finales del 2007 y los acumulados del 2002 hasta finales del 2011. Los indicadores analizados se relacionan con la actividad académica de estudiantes y docentes, y con la proyección hacia la sociedad (medida por las tesis y publicaciones científicas producidas durante esos periodos). Se encontró que en el primer periodo el 61% de los egresados estabaninactivos; mientras que el segundo la inactividad descendió a 17%. La investigación realizada por los profesores pasó de cero a 36%. La proyección a la sociedad pasó de solo tres a 18 tesis, y de cero a 44 publicaciones divulgativas y 18 artículos científicos. Se concluye que las dos medidas de uso de tecnología de la informática y comunicación si apoyan los procesos de enseñanza, ya que disminuye la deserción de egresados y favorece la vinculación del programa con la sociedad.ABSTRACTComputer and communication technologies (ICT) help to reduce attrition in distance graduate education programs. Higher education dropout is a priority problem for university accreditation. It is also a frustration source for students and economic waste. The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of Information and Communication Technologies, in its broadest sense, can: reduce student dropout in the Master Program of Natural Resources Management at the Open University of Costa Rica, UNED, and increases its quality and linkage with society. We performed a comparative analysis of indicators before and after establishing two Information and Communication Technologies’ Innovations: 1) creation of a research laboratory and 2)generation student research project progress monitoring databases. Analyzed periods are: a) 2002 to late 2007 and b) 2002 to late 2011. Analyzed indicators are related to students and professors academic activities and society impact (theses, informative and scientific publications amount). We found that in the first period 61% of graduates were inactive, while in the second period inactivity decreased to 17%. Professors conducting research changed from zero to 36%. Society impact increased from three to 18 theses, and from zero to 44 informative publications and 18 scientific papers. We conclude that the two Information and Communication Technologies’ innovations applied, do support teaching, since attrition decreased and bonding with society increased.

A Global Comparative Analysis of Digital Governance Practices

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Norma M. Riccucci ◽  
Marc Holzer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Digital Governance

The literature shows that governments around the world have sought to improve their governing capabilities by developing and implementing strategic information and communication technologies (ICTs). The use of ICTs can provide citizens with greater access to government services, can promote transparency and accountability, and also streamline government expenditures. This research provides a comparative analysis of the practices of digital governance in large municipalities worldwide in 2005. Digital government includes both e-government and e-democracy. The research is based on an evaluation of a sample (n=81) of city websites globally in terms of two dimensions: delivery of public services and digital democracy. The official websites of each city were evaluated in their native languages. Based on the analysis of the 81 cities, Seoul, New York, Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Sydney represent the cities with the most effective e-governance systems.

E-Research Collaboration of International Scope in Social and Political Sciences

2012 ◽  
pp. 330-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayo Fuster Morell
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
International Scope ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Large Groups

This chapter presents a comparative analysis of three case studies (all from the field of social and political science) on global e-research collaboration, describing how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are facilitating the overcoming of geographical barriers. Previous research points out that physical e-research collaboration meetings play a relevant role. This chapter explores whether this requirement of physical meetings in e-research collaboration is independent of the scale and complexity of the collaboration established. The findings suggest that high complexity can be achieved using communication tools if the scale of the group is small, while very large groups can collaborate using communication tools if their target is a loose collaboration. However, if the collaboration involves both a large group and a considered complexity of collaboration, establishing a balance between communication tools with the requirement of physical meetings becomes a relevant issue.

scholarly journals Ciberbullying: análisis comparativo entre menores de España y Francia = Cyberbullying: a comparative analysis between children in Spain and France

2018 ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
José David Cuesta Sáez de Tejada ◽  
Miguel Ángel Muñoz Muñoz ◽  
Tomás Izquierdo Rus
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Resumen: Son muy numerosos los estudios en torno al fenómeno del bullying, sin embargo el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ha provocado el afloramiento de un nuevo tipo de acoso entre menores, denominado cyberbullying. La variedad de métodos e instrumentos de recogida de información utilizados en el estudio del ciberacoso conlleva que las experiencias llevadas a cabo en diferentes sociedades no sean equiparables entre sí. Se comparan, mediante la técnica de encuesta, las dinámicas de ciberacoso de la sociedad española y la sociedad francesa. La muestra está formada por 627 escolares de centros educativos de ambos países, cuyas edades están comprendidas entre los 10 y los 16 años. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el número de individuos implicados en actos de ciberacoso es superior en España que en Francia, y que las características de este tipo de acoso entre menores son diferentes en ambos países.Abstract: Numerous studies have been done about the phenomenon of bullying. However, the development of new information and communication technologies (ICT) has caused the upwelling of a new kind of bullying among children, called cyberbullying. The variety of methods and tools for collecting information used in the study of cyberbullying implies that the experiences, carried out in different societies, are not comparable to each other. Cyberbullying dynamics of Spanish society and the French one are compared through surveys. 627 schoolchildren from schools in both countries have been surveyed, whose ages are between 10 and 16 years. The results show that the number of individuals involved in acts of cyberbullying is higher in Spain than in France, and that the characteristics of this kind of harassment among children are different in both countries.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of logical-mathematical reasoning in new Engineering students to reduce failing and dropout rates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Iyeliz Reyes-De Los Santos
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Cognitive Modifiability ◽  
New Students ◽  
Future Work

The paper exposes the results of an experiment carried out at the Universidad Tecnológica del Valle de Toluca, in the major of Information and Communication Technologies. It consisted of strengthening or developing the logical and mathematical reasoning in new students to reduce the failing and dropout rates. A sample of thirty students was selected, to whom the proposed strategy was applied, a course with exercises and activities to strengthen or develop logical and mathematical reasoning; This workshop was designed according to the cognitive functions and mental operations established by Reuven Feuerstein in his Theory of Cognitive Modifiability. Before and after the workshop, a test was proposed by the CENEVAL (Centro Nacional de Evaluación para la Educación Superior) in an interactive guide for applicants taking the entrance exam for higher level education, afterwards, the failing and dropout rates were calculated, both for the pilot group and for the rest of the students who did not participate in the experiment. The hypothesis was not completely verified, since only one of the analyzed indexes was reduced, interesting results and some recommendations as future work are also addressed.

Working at the Seams of Colonial Structures: Alternative Sociotechnical Infrastructures Revealed by Hurricane Maria

2021 ◽  
pp. 016224392110584
Author(s):  
Fatima K. Espinoza Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Relief Efforts

This study explains why and how Puerto Rican activists responded effectively to the crisis in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. By relying on a structural approach, this study analyzes the local institutional environment. Using the seamful work framework, it examines activists’ practice to reveal activists’ relation with their official state infrastructure and their interactions with said infrastructure before and after Maria. Using semi-structured interviews, observations, and publicly available documents, this study shows that activists navigate the state’s unequal infrastructure by building their infrastructures, called alternative sociotechnical infrastructures, which consist of a set of heterogeneous assortments of actors, organizations, and technologies to address state-driven inequality and natural disasters. Activists do not work to restore existing state infrastructures, instead, they deploy their expertise in their communities to address many of the challenges brought on by disasters. This study emphasizes a bottom-up approach, highlighting local actors’ agency by focusing on the convergence of their knowledge, organizations, and Information and Communication Technologies. Moreover, this research proposes that state-community disconnect is rooted in neoliberal and colonial measures and cautions against considering disasters as opportunities to start anew. Finally, this research proposes new possibilities to plan bottom-up relief efforts that acknowledge the role of civil society and activists.

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