Middle Ordovician U-Pb age of the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneissic laccoliths: their role in the Variscan evolution of the Pyrenees

2009 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoann Denele ◽  
Pierre Barbey ◽  
Etienne Deloule ◽  
Ewan Pelleter ◽  
Philippe Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Montagne Noire ◽  
Structural Contrast ◽  
Rheological Heterogeneity

Abstract Two identical zircon U-Pb ages have been obtained from the Riète orthogneisses at 470 ± 6 and 472 ± 2 Ma in the Aston and Hospitalet domes (Ariège, Pyrenees), respectively. New mapping data show that the protolith of these orthogneisses corresponds to Ordovician granitic laccoliths. Combined study of thin-sections and magnetic susceptibility on these rocks show that the laccoliths correspond to a suite consisting of granodiorites to leucogranites. U-Pb ages of the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneisses, very similar to the ages recently obtained from the Canigou (473 ± 4 Ma) and the Montagne Noire (southern French Massif Central) 469 ± 4 Ma orthogneisses, point to a major Early to Middle Ordovician event of granitic laccolith emplacement in the southwestern part of France, and more generally in western Europe. We underline that these laccoliths influenced the mechanical and thermal behaviour of the Variscan crust of the Pyrenees. Indeed, they have induced a rheological heterogeneity in the Variscan middle crust, which is at the origin of a structural contrast between the middle and upper crust. Moreover, these laccoliths played the role of screens, which have controlled transfer of magmas from the lower to the upper crust.

scholarly journals Thermal interaction of middle and upper crust during gneiss dome formation: example from the Montagne Noire (French Massif Central)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fréville ◽  
B. Cenki-Tok ◽  
P. Trap ◽  
M. Rabin ◽  
A. Leyreloup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Interaction ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
French Massif Central ◽  
Gneiss Dome ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Dome Formation ◽  
Montagne Noire

The earliest ostracods from the Ordovician of the Prague Basin, Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolína Lajblová ◽  
Petr Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Central European ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Prague Basin ◽  
Barrandian Area ◽  
Fossil Assemblages ◽  
European Variscides

Abstract The earliest ostracods from the Bohemian Massif (Central European Variscides) have been recorded from the Middle Ordovician of the Prague Basin (Barrandian area), in the upper Klabava Formation, and became an abundant component of fossil assemblages in the overlying Šarka Formation. Both early ostracod associations consist of eight species in total, representing mainly eridostracans, palaeocopids, and binodicopids. The revision, description, or redescription of all species and their distribution in the basin is provided. Their diversification patterns and palaeogeographical relationships to ostracod assemblages from other regions are discussed.

EPIZOOTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MODERN CATTLE LEUKEMIA

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
V. V. Makarov ◽  
D. A. Lozovoy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Negative Order ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
National Programs

  Enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) has been known for more than a century and a half. Its occurrence and registration may have historically been associated with intensive breeding of dairy cattle in Western Europe to increase target productivity. It is known that any limiting intervention in the nature of the animal organism is always accompanied by an uncontrolled and unpredictable change in the genotype of a wider range than the required, particularly negative order. In particular, a decrease in the resistance to macroorganisms and the possibility of the new diseases emergence, including infectious ones (for example, immunodeficiencies such as BLAD syndrome of black-motley cattle and stress syndrome in pigs, the occurrence of scrapie and other slow sheep infections). In the last two decades of the last century, in many disadvantaged countries, primarily Western European, national programs for the eradication of EBL have been developed and subsequently successfully implemented. First of all the motivation was the economy of dairy cattle breeding (mainly the extension of productive age, as well as the tightening of requirements in international trade in cattle and bull products, breeding, pricing, etc.). In an analytical article are reviewed the elements of epizootology of EBL in the foreign countries with special attention to the situation in the USA, scenarios of various control programs, and promising methods for assessing the role of infected animals in the epizootic process. A critical assessment of the problem of EBL in the Russian Federation is given, the reasons for the ineffectiveness of against leucosis measures are discussed.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildar Garipzanov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Sources Of Authority ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Periods

The concluding chapter highlights how the cultural history of graphic signs of authority in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages encapsulated the profound transformation of political culture in the Mediterranean and Europe from approximately the fourth to ninth centuries. It also reflects on the transcendent sources of authority in these historical periods, and the role of graphic signs in highlighting this connection. Finally, it warns that, despite the apparent dominant role of the sign of the cross and cruciform graphic devices in providing access to transcendent protection and support in ninth-century Western Europe, some people could still employ alternative graphic signs deriving from older occult traditions in their recourse to transcendent powers.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the Importance of Sleep in Common Cold—Two Online Questionnaire-Based Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-605
Author(s):  
Gill Phillipson ◽  
Sue Aspley ◽  
Ingo Fietze
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The Common ◽  
Waking Up

Abstract Sleep deprivation affects the immune system and can render subjects more susceptible to symptoms associated with the common cold. The aim of this research was to investigate cold sufferers’ and doctors’ perceptions of the role of sleep in recovery from cold/flu. An online survey of 4000 adults who had suffered from cold/flu in the previous 12 months was conducted in eight countries and an online survey of 150 doctors was conducted in Germany. Responses were collected to questions regarding aspects of life affected by, and concerns while suffering from, cold/flu symptoms including nighttime awakening and actions taken to aid recovery. Responses were also collected to questions regarding advice given to cold/flu patients and the importance of sleep. Ability to sleep well was widely reported as negatively impacted by cold/flu (mean 46.1% of respondents across eight countries), especially in Western Europe, and inability to sleep well was a frequently reported concern associated with suffering from cold/flu (21.8%). To sleep more than usual was a frequently reported action taken to feel better (40.5%). Ninety-four percent of respondents reported waking up at night because of symptoms, cough being the most frequently reported symptom to awaken respondents. There was evidence of a possible relationship between sleep quality and medication taken at night for symptom relief. Countries with the highest proportions of respondents who reported sleep to be the aspect of life most negatively affected by a cold (France, Germany and Italy) were also those with the lowest proportions of respondents who reported that taking medications at night was the most effective way of getting back to sleep after waking due to cold symptoms. The majority of doctors believed sleep helped cold/flu patients to recover faster and that a good night’s sleep was important. Sleep is widely considered to be important in promoting recovery from cold/flu. Hence, the relief of symptoms that disrupt sleep is also likely to be important for a faster recovery.

scholarly journals THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF LIPID-DEPLETED ROD PHOTORECEPTOR MEMBRANES

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izhak Nir ◽  
Michael O. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Rod Photoreceptor ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Photoreceptor Membranes

The structure of lipid-depleted retinal rod photoreceptor membranes was studied by means of electron microscopy. Aldehyde-fixed retinas were exhaustively extracted with acetone, chloroform-methanol, and acidified chloroform-methanol. The effect of prefixation on the extractability of lipids was evaluated by means of thin-layer chromatography and fatty acid analysis. Prefixation with glutaraldehyde rendered 38% of the phospholipids unextractable, while only 7% were unextractable after formaldehyde fixation. Embedding the retina in a lipid-retaining, polymerizable glutaraldehyde-urea mixture allows a comparison of the interaction of OsO4 with lipid-depleted membranes and rod disk membranes which contain all their lipids. A decrease in electron density and a deterioration of membrane fine structure in lipid-depleted tissue are correlated with the extent of lipid extraction. These observations are indicative of the role of the lipid bilayer in the ultrastructural visualization of membrane structure with OsO4. Negatively stained thin sections of extracted tissue reveal substructures in the lipid-depleted rod membranes. These substructures are probably the opsin molecules which are the major protein component of retinal rod photoreceptor membranes.

scholarly journals Exploring Gender Differences in Support for Rightist Parties: The Role of Party and Gender Ideology

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 80-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Campbell ◽  
Silvia Erzeel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

This contribution to the Special Issue on Gender and Conservatism uses expert and election surveys to explore the extent to which the feminist or traditional gender ideology of parties of the right relates to their economic and liberal/authoritarian ideology. We show that although parties of the left generally espouse more feminist ideologies than parties of the right, there are a significant number of rightist parties in Western Europe that combine laissez-faire economic values with liberal feminist ideals. That said, there is more homogeneity among parties of the populist radical right than rightist parties more generally. We find that despite some variation in their gender ideology, parties of the populist radical right overwhelmingly—with the exception of one party in the Netherlands—continue to adopt traditional or antifeminist gender ideologies. In terms of attracting women voters, we find that rightist parties who adopt a feminist gender ideology are able to attract more women voters than other parties of the right. We detect several examples of center-right parties that include feminist elements in their gender ideologies and are able to win over larger proportions of women voters than rightist parties that fail to adopt feminist positions.

A Massive System of Microtubules Associated with Cytoplasmic Movement in Telotrophic Ovarioles

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-449
Author(s):  
H. C. MACGREGOR ◽  
H. STEBBINGS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Form Birefringence ◽  
Terminal Filament ◽  
Telotrophic Ovary ◽  
Oocyte Cytoplasm ◽  
Heavy Labelling

The telotrophic ovary of Notonecta glauca glauca consists of 7 ovarioles. Each ovariole comprises, from front to rear, a terminal filament, a trophic region, a prefollicular region, and a series of 10-15 follicles of progressively increasing size The trophic region is largely syncytial and is made up of polyploid trophic nuclei packed around a central trophic core The cytoplasm of the trophic core is continuous with the cytoplasm of each oocyte through a system of trophic tubes. There is one trophic tube per oocyte. The trophic nuclei have large nucleoli. There are a few small nucleoli in the oocyte nuclei The cytoplasm of the trophic core, the trophic tubes, and the oocytes is rich in RNA. Autoradiographs of sections of ovarioles fixed 2 h after injection of [3H]uridine into animals show label over the trophic nuclei only. Eight-hour autoradiographs show heavy labelling of the trophic region and label over the front ends of the trophic tubes, but little label over the posterior regions of the tubes or the oocyte cytoplasm. Later autoradiographs mdicate that label gradually spreads backwards from the trophic core, along the trophic tubes, and progressively builds up in the oocyte cytoplasm These observations are thought to indicate synthesis of RNA in the trophic region and movement of RNA from the trophic core along the trophic tubes to the oocytes The trophic core and tubes show brilliant positive form birefringence with respect to their lengths. This birefringence can be reduced by keeping animals at 2 °C for 12 h, and eliminated by placing ovarioles in 1 % colchicine for 6 h. Electron micrographs of thin sections of ovarioles show that trophic core and tubes are densely and uniformly packed with ribosomes and microtubules The latter are lined up along the trophic tubes. There are about 30000 microtubules evident in a TS through a trophic tube 15µm wide. Lengths of microtubules up to 2µm have been observed. Ribosomes are packed between the microtubules but are excluded from regions where the spacing between adjacent microtubules is less than 25 nm The contribution of the trophic region to the oocytes and the role of the microtubules in maintaining or facilitating the movement of ribosomes along the trophic tubes is discussed

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