Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Challenges of Oil and Gas Artificial Islands in the Arabian Gulf, Part 1

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif L. El-gharbawy ◽  
Hazem Sarhan ◽  
Mootaz Khaled ◽  
Sameh Seddik
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Gulf

Patchwork of oil and gas facilities in Saudi waters of the Arabian Gulf has the potential to enhance local fisheries production

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2398-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi Rabaoui ◽  
Yu-Jia Lin ◽  
Mohammad A. Qurban ◽  
Rommel H. Maneja ◽  
Javier Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Fishery Resources ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Coastal Embayments ◽  
Oceanographic Variables

Abstract Because of the increasing oil industry development in the Arabian Gulf, hundreds of oil and gas facilities have been installed in both offshore and inshore areas during the last few decades. However, no studies have been conducted till now on the influence of these platforms on the structure and composition of marine faunal assemblages. The present work addresses this issue to propose environmental management measures connected to the utilization of fishery resources. Offshore and inshore surveys were carried out along the Saudi Gulf waters using trawl and beach-seine nets, respectively. Data relative to only fish (offshore) and fish and invertebrates (inshore) were collected concurrently with several factors: density of oil and gas facilities (offshore), distance to the nearest coastal platform (inshore), oceanographic variables, and habitat characteristics. Results of offshore surveys indicated higher fish density—both total and of fishery resources—in locations with a higher number of oil and gas facilities within a 5 km radius, whereas biomass density was not significantly different. Hence, oil and gas facilities seem to serve as nursery areas for small fish. For inshore communities, more species and diversity were found in stations closer to coastal oil and gas facilities. In addition, among the five coastal embayments sampled, those with more oil and gas facilities had more species. The findings of the present work support the hypothesis of a positive net ecological role of oil and gas platforms of the Saudi Arabian Gulf, with the implication that this effect could be extended to improve the sustainability of important fishery resources.

scholarly journals Assessment of TPHs and PAHs in the Marine Sediment Relating to Oil and Gas Extraction activity on the western coastline of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulali Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to assess the impact of petroleum and gas extraction activities on the pollution of coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentration of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 μg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 μg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA).

Successes in the Development of an Arabian Gulf Materials Program

2017 ◽  
pp. 230-251
Author(s):  
Bruce. R. Palmer ◽  
Dana Abdeen ◽  
Walid Khalfaoui ◽  
Nasser Al Jassem ◽  
Brajendra Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Critical Materials ◽  
Research And Education

A materials research program was established to identify new corrosion resistant stainless steel alloys for the oil and gas industry. One important goal of this work was developing professionals to address the critical materials issues in the Arabian Gulf Region. This chapter reports the results of these efforts. Development of research professionals involved a multifaceted approach. One key element involved laboratory work to develop the critical research tools required in this area. The effort also included development of important course content for both undergraduate and graduate-level materials education. The research in this program stems from a collaboration between Texas A&M University at Qatar and the Colorado School of Mines. Collaboration provided many of the important tools required for this new Middle Eastern education initiative. The present chapter describes the challenges that were addressed in order to develop crucial new materials research and education capabilities in this major petroleum producing region.

scholarly journals Non-methane hydrocarbon (C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>8</sub>) sources and sinks around the Arabian Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 7209-7232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstratios Bourtsoukidis ◽  
Lisa Ernle ◽  
John N. Crowley ◽  
Jos Lelieveld ◽  
Jean-Daniel Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) have been extensively studied around the globe due to their importance to atmospheric chemistry and their utility in emission source and chemical sink identification. This study reports on shipborne NMHC measurements made around the Arabian Peninsula during the AQABA (Air Quality and climate change in the Arabian BAsin) ship campaign. The ship traversed the Mediterranean Sea, the Suez Canal, the Red Sea, the northern Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Gulf, before returning by the same route. The Middle East is one of the largest producers of oil and gas (O&amp;G), yet it is among the least studied. Atmospheric mixing ratios of C2–C8 hydrocarbons ranged from a few ppt in unpolluted regions (Arabian Sea) to several ppb over the Suez Canal and Arabian Gulf (also known as the Persian Gulf), where a maximum of 166.5 ppb of alkanes was detected. The ratio between i-pentane and n-pentane was found to be 0.93±0.03 ppb ppb−1 over the Arabian Gulf, which is indicative of widespread O&amp;G activities, while it was 1.71±0.06 ppb ppb−1 in the Suez Canal, which is a characteristic signature of ship emissions. We provide evidence that international shipping contributes to ambient C3–C8 hydrocarbon concentrations but not to ethane, which was not detected in marine traffic exhausts. NMHC relationships with propane differentiated between alkane-rich associated gas and methane-rich non-associated gas through a characteristic enrichment of ethane over propane atmospheric mixing ratios. Utilizing the variability–lifetime relationship, we show that atmospheric chemistry governs the variability of the alkanes only weakly in the source-dominated areas of the Arabian Gulf (bAG=0.16) and along the northern part of the Red Sea (bRSN=0.22), but stronger dependencies are found in unpolluted regions such as the Gulf of Aden (bGA=0.58) and the Mediterranean Sea (bMS=0.48). NMHC oxidative pair analysis indicated that OH chemistry dominates the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the region, but along the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf the NMHC ratios occasionally provided evidence of chlorine radical chemistry. These results demonstrate the utility of NMHCs as source/sink identification tracers and provide an overview of NMHCs around the Arabian Peninsula.

scholarly journals Shipborne measurements of methane and carbon dioxide in the Middle East and Mediterranean areas and contribution from oil and gas emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Daniel Paris ◽  
Aurélie Riandet ◽  
Efstratios Bourtsoukidis ◽  
Marc Delmotte ◽  
Antoine Berchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Isomeric Ratio ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract. The increase of atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), two main anthropogenic greenhouse gases, is largely driven by fossil sources. Sources and sinks remain insufficiently characterised in the Mediterranean and Middle East areas, where very few in situ measurements area available. We investigated the atmospheric distribution of CH4 and CO2 in the region through shipborne measurement in July and August 2017. High mixing ratios were observed over the Suez Canal, Red Sea and Arabian Gulf, while generally lower mixing ratios were observed over the Gulfs of Aden and Oman. We probe the origin of CO2 and CH4 excess mixing ratio by using correlations with light alkanes and through the use of a Lagrangian model coupled to two different emission inventories of anthropogenic sources. We find that the CO2 and especially the CH4 enhancements are mainly linked to nearby oil and gas (O&amp;G) activities over the Arabian Gulf, and a mixture of other sources over the Red Sea. The isomeric ratio of pentane is shown to be a useful indicator of the O&amp;G component of atmospheric CH4 at the regional level. Upstream emissions linked to oil in the Northern Arabian Gulf seem to be underestimated while gas-related emissions in the Southern Gulf are overestimated in our simulations. Our results highlight the need for improvement of inventories in the area to better characterize the changes in magnitude and the complex distribution of the O&amp;G sources in the Middle East.

scholarly journals Development of Offshore Gas Turbine Packages for Power Generation and Mechanical Drive

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Structural Requirements ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Preferred Solutions

This paper describes the application of aero-derivative gas turbines for power generation and mechanical drive on fixed offshore oil and gas platforms. Established installation concepts are discussed and a comparison is made between two designs of pre-packaged power plant for installation on North Sea and Arabian Gulf platforms respectively. The structural requirements of such packages are analyzed and the design considerations for a Warren Truss structured machinery module are outlined. Some of the problems associated with installing packaged aero-derivative gas turbine machinery in the extremely aggressive offshore environment are highlighted and preferred solutions are proposed.

scholarly journals Origin of TPHs and PAHs in Marine Sediment nearby Oil and Gas Extraction Sites on the West Coast of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulali Abdulla ◽  
Azenith Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants, which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to investigate the type, origin and weathering of petroleum in the coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentrations of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 µg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 µg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA). Pollution concentration profile is site specific where concentrations are high within the proximity of the source and derived from both direct inputs of petrogenic and pyrogenic contribution.

Successes in the Development of an Arabian Gulf Materials Program

2015 ◽  
pp. 309-328
Author(s):  
Bruce. R. Palmer ◽  
Dana Abdeen ◽  
Walid Khalfaoui ◽  
Nasser Al Jassem ◽  
Brajendra Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Critical Materials ◽  
Research And Education

A materials research program was established to identify new corrosion resistant stainless steel alloys for the oil and gas industry. One important goal of this work was developing professionals to address the critical materials issues in the Arabian Gulf Region. This chapter reports the results of these efforts. Development of research professionals involved a multifaceted approach. One key element involved laboratory work to develop the critical research tools required in this area. The effort also included development of important course content for both undergraduate and graduate-level materials education. The research in this program stems from a collaboration between Texas A&M University at Qatar and the Colorado School of Mines. Collaboration provided many of the important tools required for this new Middle Eastern education initiative. The present chapter describes the challenges that were addressed in order to develop crucial new materials research and education capabilities in this major petroleum producing region.

scholarly journals Non Methane Hydrocarbon (C2–C8) sources and sinks around the Arabian Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstratios Bourtsoukidis ◽  
Lisa Ernle ◽  
John N. Crowley ◽  
Jos Lelieveld ◽  
Jean-Daniel Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Marine Traffic

Abstract. Atmospheric Non Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC) have been extensively studied around the globe due to their importance to atmospheric chemistry and their utility in emission source and chemical sink identification. This study reports on shipborne NMHC measurements made around the Arabian Peninsula during the AQABA (Air Quality and climate change in the Arabian BAsin) ship campaign. The ship traversed the Mediterranean Sea, the Suez Canal, the Red Sea, the Northern Indian Ocean and the Arabian Gulf, before returning by the same route. This region is one of the largest producers of oil and gas (O&amp;G); yet it is among the least studied. Atmospheric mixing ratios of C2–C8 hydrocarbons ranged from a few ppt in unpolluted regions (Arabian Sea) to several ppb over the Suez Canal and Arabian Gulf where a maximum of 166.5 ppb of alkanes was detected. The ratio between i-pentane and n-pentane was found to be 0.93 ± 0.03 ppb ppb−1 over the Arabian Gulf which is indicative of widespread O&amp;G activities, while it was 1.71 ± 0.06 ppb ppb−1 in the Suez Canal which is a characteristic signature for ship emissions. We provide evidence that international shipping contributes to ambient C3–C8 hydrocarbon concentrations but not to ethane which was not detected in marine traffic exhausts. NMHC relationships with propane differentiated between alkane-rich associated gas and methane-rich non-associated gas through a characteristic enrichment of ethane over propane atmospheric mixing ratios. Utilizing the variability-lifetime relationship, we show that atmospheric chemistry governs the variability of the alkanes only weakly in the source dominated areas of the Arabian Gulf (bAG = 0.16) and along the northern part of Red Sea (bRSN = 0.22), but stronger dependencies are found in unpolluted regions such as the Gulf of Aden (bGA = 0.58) and Mediterranean Sea (bMS = 0.48). NMHC oxidative pair analysis indicated that OH chemistry dominates the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the region but along the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf the NMHC ratios occasionally provided evidence for chlorine radical chemistry. These results demonstrate the utility of NMHCs as source/sink identification tracers and provide an overview of NMHCs around the Arabian Peninsula.

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