Sand Management and Erosion Prediction Models for Oil and Gas Applications - Experimental and Numerical Validation Studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Gharaibah ◽  
Yongli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Validation Studies ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Numerical Validation ◽  
Erosion Prediction

Methods for assessing mine site rehabilitation design for erosion impact

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Mine Site ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Evolution Simulation ◽  
Erosion Prediction ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Subsequent Degradation ◽  
Site Rehabilitation

Erosion of rehabilitated mines may result in landform instability, which in turn may result in exposure of encapsulated contaminants, elevated sediment delivery at catchment outlets, and subsequent degradation of downstream water quality. Rehabilitation design can be assessed using erosion and hydrology models calibrated to mine site conditions. Incision rates in containment structures can be quantified using 3-dimensional landform evolution simulation techniques. Sediment delivery at catchment outlets for various landform amelioration techniques can be predicted using process-based and empirical erosion-prediction models and sediment delivery ratios. The predicted sediment delivery can be used to estimate an average annual stream sediment load that can, in turn, be used to assess water quality impacts. Application of these techniques is demonstrated through a case study applied to a proposed rehabilitation design option for the Energy Resources of Australia Ltd (ERA) Ranger Mine in the Northern Territory of Australia.

Experimental Study of Fatigue Crack Overload Retardation in X80 Grade Steel

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingquan Duan ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Feng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
X80 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Crack Retardation ◽  
Grade Steel

The tests of fatigue crack overload retardation were performed to gain a some what deeper understanding of overload retardation. We present an experimental investigation of fatigue crack retardation behavior caused by intermediate single peak tensile overload under constant amplitude cyclic loading. The compact tension (CT) specimens of API grade X80 pipeline steel were used in fatigue test. The results show there was an instant crack extension during overloading for the tested overload ratios. As soon as the overload cycle was removed, instant delay in crack growth occurred. The results should be of interest for fracture mechanics prediction models on fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading and overloading effect for oil and gas pipelines.

scholarly journals Review of Sand Production Prediction Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Rahmati ◽  
Mahshid Jafarpour ◽  
Saman Azadbakht ◽  
Alireza Nouri ◽  
Hans Vaziri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Analytical Formulae ◽  
The Continuum

Sand production in oil and gas wells can occur if fluid flow exceeds a certain threshold governed by factors such as consistency of the reservoir rock, stress state and the type of completion used around the well. The amount of solids can be less than a few grams per cubic meter of reservoir fluid, posing only minor problems, or a substantial amount over a short period of time, resulting in erosion and in some cases filling and blocking of the wellbore. This paper provides a review of selected approaches and models that have been developed for sanding prediction. Most of these models are based on the continuum assumption, while a few have recently been developed based on discrete element model. Some models are only capable of assessing the conditions that lead to the onset of sanding, while others are capable of making volumetric predictions. Some models use analytical formulae, particularly those for estimating the onset of sanding while others use numerical models, particularly in calculating sanding rate. Although major improvements have been achieved in the past decade, sanding tools are still unable to predict the sand mass and the rate of sanding for all field problems in a reliable form.

Flow Assurance of Wet Gas Pipelines From a Corrosion Viewpoint

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Nyborg ◽  
Arne Dugstad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Corrosion Control ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Stabilization Technique

In many offshore oil and gas projects under development, the pipeline costs are a considerable part of the investment and can become prohibitively high if the corrosivity of the fluid necessitates the use of corrosion resistant alloys instead of carbon steel. Development of more robust and reliable methods for internal corrosion control can increase the application range of carbon steel and therefore have a large economic impact. Corrosion control of carbon steel pipelines has traditionally often been managed by the use of corrosion inhibitors. The pH stabilization technique has been successfully used for corrosion control of several large wet gas condensate pipelines in the last few years. Precipitation of scale and salts in the pipeline and process equipment creates further challenges when formation water is produced. Different corrosion prediction models are used in the industry to assess the corrosivity of the transported fluid. An overview of the present models is given together with a link to fluid flow modeling.

scholarly journals Water Droplet Erosion of Wind Turbine Blades: Mechanics, Testing, Modeling and Future Perspectives

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elhadi Ibrahim ◽  
Mamoun Medraj
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Droplet Impact ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Water Droplet Erosion ◽  
Erosion Prediction

The problem of erosion due to water droplet impact has been a major concern for several industries for a very long time and it keeps reinventing itself wherever a component rotates or moves at high speed in a hydrometer environment. Recently, and as larger wind turbine blades are used, erosion of the leading edge due to rain droplets impact has become a serious issue. Leading-edge erosion causes a significant loss in aerodynamics efficiency of turbine blades leading to a considerable reduction in annual energy production. This paper reviews the topic of water droplet impact erosion as it emerges in wind turbine blades. A brief background on water droplet erosion and its industrial applications is first presented. Leading-edge erosion of wind turbine is briefly described in terms of materials involved and erosion conditions encountered in the blade. Emphases are then placed on the status quo of understanding the mechanics of water droplet erosion, experimental testing, and erosion prediction models. The main conclusions of this review are as follow. So far, experimental testing efforts have led to establishing a useful but incomplete understanding of the water droplet erosion phenomenon, the effect of different erosion parameters, and a general ranking of materials based on their ability to resist erosion. Techniques for experimentally measuring an objective erosion resistance (or erosion strength) of materials have, however, not yet been developed. In terms of modelling, speculations about the physical processes underlying water droplet erosion and consequently treating the problem from first principles have never reached a state of maturity. Efforts have, therefore, focused on formulating erosion prediction equations depending on a statistical analysis of large erosion tests data and often with a combination of presumed erosion mechanisms such as fatigue. Such prediction models have not reached the stage of generalization. Experimental testing and erosion prediction efforts need to be improved such that a coherent water droplet erosion theory can be established. The need for standardized testing and data representation practices as well as correlations between test data and real in-service erosion also remains urgent.

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