High Resolution Solid State Acoustic Imaging for Advanced Well Integrity and Deformation Assessments in Conventional and Unconventional Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Littleford ◽  
Anthony Battistel ◽  
Greer Simpson ◽  
Kacper Wardynski
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Well Integrity

Abstract An advanced high-resolution acoustic imaging technology was deployed for well integrity and deformation assessments in both vertical and horizontal wells. This high frequency acoustic tool collected three-dimensional data quantifying deformation and wall thickness with resolution unobtainable by existing multi-finger caliper, magnetic flux leakage, and rotating single element ultrasonic systems. Several novel imaging methods are enabled by the high number of transducers (up to 512) on the imaging probe. These methods, including beam forming, beam steering and semi-stochastic multipulse imaging, are outlined and discussed in this paper. In addition, multiple types of standardized visualizations enabled by this high-resolution 3D data capture tool are introduced and examples of each are shown. Lab qualification and imagery generated by the high-resolution solid-state imaging technology, when applied to various precision machined geometric anomalies, are presented. In addition to lab validation results, several field studies are showcased including assessments of ovalized casing, complex downhole corrosion, and isolated minor pitting. Leak paths, splits, and damaged regions within threaded casing collars were also identified, imaged, and quantified using the acoustic technology. Until now, these collar regions have been very difficult to image using legacy downhole tools due to fundamental limitations at the threaded connection geometry. Lastly, various downhole completion equipment case studies are presented showcasing several applications of acoustic imaging used to validate the set-position or condition of specialty downhole equipment. This paper outlines the usage of the solid-state acoustic technology to generate three dimensional geometry and wall thickness datasets with sub-millimetric resolution, providing operators with a holistic and actionable assessment of their well integrity.

High Resolution Acoustic Imaging of Plug Related Casing Damage in Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kacper Wardynski ◽  
Anthony Battistel ◽  
Tom Littleford ◽  
Greer Simpson ◽  
Stephen Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Hydraulic Fracture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Casing Damage ◽  
Wall Loss ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells ◽  
Stimulation Efficiency

Abstract While assessing post-hydraulic-fracture perforation growth using solid-state, high- resolution acoustic imaging tools, it was noted that plug failures were occurring at a high frequency. Though plug failures can be observed from hydraulic fracture surface pressure and flowrate data, the aggregate frequency, causes, and severity of the resulting erosional damage at plug locations was not previously well understood and highly speculative. The sub-millimetric three-dimensional imagery generated from high resolution solid-state acoustic tools significantly improved the industry's awareness of plug failure frequency, mechanisms of failure, and the resulting impact to stimulation efficiency. These acoustic tools helped to uncover the causes and explore possible solutions to failing plugs. This paper presents aggregate data encompassing casing wall loss at over 2700 plug locations and presents emerging trends that appear across the broader dataset. In addition, this paper showcases the usage of high-resolution acoustic imaging in two operator-specific case studies.

Wide-angle, high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging using non-mechanical beam steering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Hoy ◽  
Jay Stockley ◽  
Kelly Kluttz ◽  
Doug McKnight ◽  
Lance Hosting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wide Angle

Three Dimensional X-Ray Computed Tomography in Materials Science

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Kinney ◽  
Q.C. Johnson ◽  
U. Bonse ◽  
M.C. Nichols ◽  
R.A. Saroyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Visible Light Imaging

Imaging is the cornerstone of materials characterization. Until the middle of the present century, visible light imaging provided much of the information about materials. Though visible light imaging still plays an extremely important role in characterization, relatively low spatial resolution and lack of chemical sensitivity and specificity limit its usefulness.The discovery of x-rays and electrons led to a major advance in imaging technology. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy allowed us to characterize the atomic structure of materials. Many materials vital to our high technology economy and defense owe their existence to the understanding of materials structure brought about with these high-resolution methods.Electron microscopy is an essential tool for materials characterization. Unfortunately, electron imaging is always destructive due to the sample preparation that must be done prior to imaging. Furthermore, electron microscopy only provides information about the surface of a sample. Three dimensional information, of great interest in characterizing many new materials, can be obtained only by time consuming sectioning of an object.The development of intense synchrotron light sources in addition to the improvements in solid state imaging technology is revolutionizing materials characterization. High resolution x-ray imaging is a potentially valuable tool for materials characterization. The large depth of x-ray penetration, as well as the sensitivity of absorption crosssections to atomic chemistry, allows x-ray imaging to characterize the chemistry of internal structures in macroscopic objects with little sample preparation. X-ray imaging complements other imaging modalities, such as electron microscopy, in that it can be performed nondestructively on metals and insulators alike.

Analysis of High-Resolution Underwater Acoustic Imaging Technology in Multi-Subarray Beam Domain

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Peng Chu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Wenjun Huo ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yarong Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Underwater Acoustic

Three-dimensional high-resolution acoustic imaging of the sub-seabed

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gutowski ◽  
Jonathan M. Bull ◽  
Justin K. Dix ◽  
Timothy J. Henstock ◽  
Peter Hogarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acoustic Imaging

scholarly journals Three dimensional acoustic imaging technology of buried object detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Weihua Cong ◽  
Lisheng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Buried Objects ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Buried Object

With the development of 21th century seabed imaging sonar technology, more and more attention is paid to buried object detection technology in the world. In this paper, a low frequency and high resolution three-dimensional acoustic imaging of buried object detection method and its application example are given. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional synthetic aperture imaging, the 3D imaging technology not only solves the problem of the aliasing of the seabed formation echo and the sea floor echo, being able to provide the target buried depth, but also the 3D imaging is more helpful to the image recognition. The 3D acoustic imaging method proposed by this paper has already become the development trend of buried object detection technology. We have noticed that, different from the three-dimensional visualization of the target in the water, the three-dimensional visualization of buried objects has a serious formation image occlusion problem. In addition, the three-dimensional imaging needs to be obtained centimeter-level resolution on three dimensions for better image recognition of small buried objects, in which azimuth resolution is the bottleneck.

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