scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on wheat cultivar Thatcher

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie Wei ◽  
Liping Cui ◽  
na Zhang ◽  
dongdong Du ◽  
qingfang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Initiation Factors ◽  
Transcript Profiles ◽  
Important Disease

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the pathogenic molecular mechanism of Puccinia triticina Eriks . ( Pt ) and the inconstant toxic region is critical for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze the pathogenic divergence between Pt isolates. Results: Total RNA was extracted from the wheat cultivar Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS), at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA was then sequenced, and a total of 2,784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five genes were specifically expressed in THTT; these genes included transcription initiation factors and genes with transmembrane transporter activity and other genes. Twenty-six genes were specifically expressed in THTS, including genes with GTPase activity, ABC transporters and other genes. Fifty-four differentially expressed candidate effectors were screened from the two isolates. Two candidate effectors were chosen and validated on tobacco, and the results showed that they could inhibit necrosis induced by BAX. qRT-PCR of 12 significant DEGs was carried out to validate that the results are similar to those of RNA-seq at 144 hpi, to show the expression levels of these DEGs in the early stage and to elucidate the differences in expression between the two Pt pathotypes. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed that although the two pathotypes of THTT and THTS contribute similar virulence to wheat, there are a large number of genes participate in the interaction with the susceptible wheat cultivar Thatcher, and revealed the pathogenicity of rust is very complicated.

scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on wheat cultivar Thatcher

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie Wei ◽  
Liping Cui ◽  
na Zhang ◽  
dongdong Du ◽  
qingfang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Initiation Factors ◽  
Transcript Profiles ◽  
Important Disease

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the pathogenic molecular mechanism of Puccinia triticina Eriks. (Pt) and the inconstant toxic region is critical for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze the pathogenic divergence between Pt isolates. Results: Total RNA was extracted from the wheat cultivar Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS), at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA was then sequenced, and a total of 2,784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five genes were specifically expressed in THTT; these genes included transcription initiation factors and genes with transmembrane transporter activity and other genes. Twenty-six genes were specifically expressed in THTS, including genes with GTPase activity, ABC transporters and other genes. Fifty-four differentially expressed candidate effectors were screened from the two isolates. Two candidate effectors were chosen and validated on tobacco, and the results showed that they could inhibit necrosis induced by BAX. qRT-PCR of 12 significant DEGs was carried out to validate that the results are similar to those of RNA-seq at 144 hpi, to show the expression levels of these DEGs in the early stage and to elucidate the differences in expression between the two Pt pathotypes. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed that although the two pathotypes of THTT and THTS contribute similar virulence to wheat, there are a large number of genes participate in the interaction with the susceptible wheat cultivar Thatcher, and revealed the pathogenicity of rust is very complicated.

scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes- THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on wheat cultiver Thatcher

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie Wei ◽  
Liping Cui ◽  
dongdong Du ◽  
na Zhang ◽  
qingfang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Initiation Factors ◽  
Transcript Profiles ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes ◽  
Important Disease

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici (Pt) pathogenic molecular mechanism and the inconstant toxic region is critical for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze pathogenic divergence between Pt isolates.Results: Total RNA was extracted from wheat cultiver Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS) at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA was then sequenced, and a total of 2,784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five genes were specifically expressed in THTT; these genes included transcription initiation factors and genes with transmembrane transporter activity and other genes. Twenty-six genes were specifically expressed in THTS, including genes with GTPase activity, ABC transporter genes and other genes. Fifty-four differentially expressed candidate effectors were screened from the two isolates. Two candidate effectors were chosen and validated on tobacco, and the results showed that they could inhibit necrosis induced by Bax. qRT-PCR of 12 significant DEGs was carried out to validate the results are similar to that of RNA-seq at 144 hpi, to show the expression levels of these DEGs in the early stage and to elucidate the differences in expression between the two Pt pathotypes.Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed that the two pathtypes of THTT and THTS although contribute similar virulence to wheat, there are a large number of genes participate in the interaction with susceptible wheat cultivar Thatcher, and revealed the pathgenicity of rust is very complicated.

scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes-THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on Thatcher

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie Wei ◽  
dongdong Du ◽  
na Zhang ◽  
qingfang Meng ◽  
hongfei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Transcription Initiation Factor ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transcript Profiles

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the Puccinia triticina (Pt) pathogenic molecular mechanism and inconstant toxic region are highly important for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze pathogenic divergences between Pt isolates. Results: Total RNA was extracted from Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS) at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA then was harvested and sequenced. Results indicated that a total of 2,784 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five of genes were specifically expressed in Tc361_1 including transcription initiation factor, transmembrane transporter activity and so on, while 26 of genes were specially expressed in Tc284_2 including GTPase activity, ABC transporter and so on. Sixty-seven differential expressed candidate effectors were screened. qRT-PCR of 14 significantly different expressed genes were carried out to prove that the results of RNA-seq is similar to that of qRT-PCR at 144 hpi and show their expression level in the early stage and the difference between two Pt pathotypes, which revealed the complex transcript profiles. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study might have a solid foundation for the future studies on clarifying the mechanism of pathogenicity differences of Chinese isolates and pathogenic mechanism of Pt.

scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes-THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on Thatcher

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jie Wei ◽  
Liping Cui ◽  
dongdong Du ◽  
na Zhang ◽  
qingfang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Transcription Initiation Factor ◽  
Differential Expressed Genes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transcript Profiles

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the Puccinia triticina f.sp tritici (Pt) pathogenic molecular mechanism and inconstant toxic region are highly important for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze pathogenic divergences between Pt isolates. Results: Total RNA was extracted from Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS) at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA then was harvested and sequenced. Results indicated that a total of 2,784 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five genes were specifically expressed in THTT including transcription initiation factor, transmembrane transporter activity and so on, while 26 genes were specially expressed in THTS including GTPase activity, ABC transporter and so on. Fifty-four differential expressed candidate effectors were screened from the tow isolates. Two candidate effectors were chosen and validated on tabacco, and the result showed that they can inhibit the necrosis induced by Bax. qRT-PCR of 12 significantly different expressed genes were carried out to prove that the results of RNA-seq is similar to that of qRT-PCR at 144 hpi and show their expression level in the early stage and the difference between two Pt pathotypes.Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed that the transcript profiles between THTT or THTS and Thatcher were very complicated.

scholarly journals Molecular evidence of the avocado defense response to Fusarium kuroshium infection: a deep transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11215
Author(s):  
Claudia-Anahí Pérez-Torres ◽  
Enrique Ibarra-Laclette ◽  
Eric-Edmundo Hernández-Domínguez ◽  
Benjamín Rodríguez-Haas ◽  
Alan-Josué Pérez-Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Response ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Data Set

Fusarium kuroshium is a novel member of the Ambrosia Fusarium Clade (AFC) that has been recognized as one of the symbionts of the invasive Kuroshio shot hole borer, an Asian ambrosia beetle. This complex is considered the causal agent of Fusarium dieback, a disease that has severely threatened natural forests, landscape trees, and avocado orchards in the last 8 years. Despite the interest in this species, the molecular responses of both the host and F. kuroshium during the infection process and disease establishment remain unknown. In this work, we established an in vitro pathosystem using Hass avocado stems inoculated with F. kuroshium to investigate differential gene expression at 1, 4, 7 and 14 days post-inoculation. RNA-seq technology allowed us to obtain data from both the plant and the fungus, and the sequences obtained from both organisms were analyzed independently. The pathosystem established was able to mimic Fusarium dieback symptoms, such as carbohydrate exudation, necrosis, and vascular tissue discoloration. The results provide interesting evidence regarding the genes that may play roles in the avocado defense response to Fusarium dieback disease. The avocado data set comprised a coding sequence collection of 51,379 UniGenes, from which 2,403 (4.67%) were identified as differentially expressed. The global expression analysis showed that F. kuroshium responsive UniGenes can be clustered into six groups according to their expression profiles. The biologically relevant functional categories that were identified included photosynthesis as well as responses to stress, hormones, abscisic acid, and water deprivation. Additionally, processes such as oxidation-reduction, organization and biogenesis of the cell wall and polysaccharide metabolism were detected. Moreover, we identified orthologues of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich receptors, and their possible action mode was analyzed. In F. kuroshium, we identified 57 differentially expressed genes. Interestingly, the alcohol metabolic process biological category had the highest number of upregulated genes, and the enzyme group in this category may play an important role in the mechanisms of secondary metabolite detoxification. Hydrolytic enzymes, such as endoglucanases and a pectate lyase, were also identified, as well as some proteases. In conclusion, our research was conducted mainly to explain how the vascular tissue of a recognized host of the ambrosia complex responds during F. kuroshium infection since Fusarium dieback is an ambrosia beetle-vectored disease and many variables facilitate its establishment.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Based on Lr19-Virulent Mutants Strain Provides Clues for the Pathogenicity-Related Genes and Effectors of Puccinia Triticina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyue Wu ◽  
Fan Fan ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Zhongchi Cui ◽  
Xinkang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Race 1

Abstract Background: Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) remains one of the most destructive diseases of common wheat worldwide. Cultivating resistant cultivars is an effective way to control this disease, but race-specific resistance can be overcome quickly due to the rapid evolution of Pt populations. The critical to control wheat leaf rust is to understand the pathogenicity mechanisms of Pt. Results: In this study, the spores of the Pt race PHNT (wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr19-avirulent isolate) were mutagenized with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and two Pt Lr19-virulent mutants named M1 and M2 were isolated, suggesting that they carry mutations affecting the Lr19-specific avirulent factor. RNA sequencing was performed on samples collected from the wheat cultivars Chinese Spring and TcLr19 that were infected by wild-type (WT) PHNT and the two Lr19-virulent mutant isolates at 14 days post-inoculation (dpi). The assembled transcriptome data were compared to the reference genome “Pt 1-1 BBBD Race 1.” A total of 216 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found from three different sample comparisons including M1-vs-WT, M2-vs-WT, and M1-vs-M2. Of these DEGs, 29 common DEGs were shared between M1-vs-WT and M2-vs-WT comparisons. Among the 216 DEGs encoding proteins, 30 were predicted to be effector candidates. Then 6 effector candidates (PTTG_27844, PTTG_05290, PTTG_27401, PTTG_27224, PTTG_26282, PTTG_25521) were verified that these genes were differentially expressed during Pt infection by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and were validated on tobacco, and the results showed that PTTG_27401 could inhibit progress of cell death (PCD) induced by BAX.Conclusions: Our results showed that a large number of genes participate in the interaction between Pt and TcLr19, which will provide valuable resources for the identification and targeting of AvrLr19 effector candidates and pathogenesis-related genes. Furthermore, our analyses are of great significance to reveal the pathogenesis of Pt.

scholarly journals Puccinia triticina pathotypes THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on wheat cultivar Thatcher

BMC Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wei ◽  
Liping Cui ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Dongdong Du ◽  
Qingfang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Transcript Profiles

scholarly journals Transcriptome profile of Carrizo citrange roots in response toPhytophthora parasiticainfection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunaira Afzal Naveed ◽  
Jose C. Huguet-Tapia ◽  
Gul Shad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Transcriptome Profile ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Carrizo Citrange ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Citrus Rootstock

AbstractPhytophthora parasiticais one of the most widespreadPhytophthoraspecies, which is known to cause root rot, foot rot/gummosis and brown rot of fruits in citrus. In this study, we have analyzed the transcriptome of a commonly used citrus rootstock Carrizo citrange in response toP. parasiticainfection using the RNA-seq technology. In total, we have identified 6692 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) amongP. parasitica-inoculated and mock-treated roots. Of these, 3960 genes were differentially expressed at 24 hours post inoculation and 5521 genes were differentially expressed at 48 hours post inoculation. Gene ontology analysis of DETs suggested substantial transcriptional reprogramming of diverse cellular processes particularly the biotic stress response pathways in Carrizo citrange roots. ManyRgenes, transcription factors, and several other genes putatively involved in plant immunity were differentially modulated in citrus roots in response toP. parasiticainfection. Analysis reported here lays out a strong foundation for future studies aimed at improving resistance of citrus rootstocks toP. parasitica.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome profiling and co-expression network analysis uncover the key genes associated withearly-stage resistance to Aspergillus flavus in maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Liu ◽  
Haofeng Wu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Saihua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Resistant Line ◽  
Maize Resistance ◽  
Key Genes

Abstract Background The fungus Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) is a serious threat to maize (Zea mays) production worldwide. It causes considerable yield and economic losses, and poses a health risk to humans and livestock due to the high toxicity of aflatoxin. However, key genes and regulatory networks conferring maize resistance to A. flavus are not clear, especially at the early stage of infection. Here, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of two maize inbred lines with contrasting resistance to A. flavus infection. Results The pairwise comparisons between mock and infected kernels in each line during the first 6 h post inoculation (hpi) showed that maize resistance to A. flavus infection was specific to the genotype and infection stage, and defense pathways were strengthened in the resistant line. Further comparison of the two maize lines revealed that the infection-induced up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the resistant line might underlie the enhanced resistance. Gene co-expression network analysis by WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis) identified 7 modules that were significantly associated with different infection stages, and 110 hub genes of these modules. These key regulators mainly participate in the biosynthesis of fatty acid and antibiotics. In addition, 90 candidate genes for maize resistance to A. flavus infection and/or aflatoxin contamination obtained in previous studies were confirmed to be differentially expressed between the resistant and susceptible lines within the first 6 hpi. Conclusion This work unveiled more A. flavus resistance genes and provided a detailed regulatory network of early-stage resistance to A. flavus in maize.

scholarly journals Global Gene Responses of Resistant and Susceptible Sugarcane Cultivars to Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae Identified Using Comparative Transcriptome Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Chu ◽  
Jing-Ru Zhou ◽  
Hua-Ying Fu ◽  
Mei-Ting Huang ◽  
Hui-Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Red stripe disease in sugarcane caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae (Aaa) is related to serious global losses in yield. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with responses of sugarcane plants to infection by this pathogen remain largely unknown. Here, we used Illumina RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to perform large-scale transcriptome sequencing of two sugarcane cultivars to contrast gene expression patterns of plants between Aaa and mock inoculations, and identify key genes and pathways involved in sugarcane defense responses to Aaa infection. At 0–72 hours post-inoculation (hpi) of the red stripe disease-resistant cultivar ROC22, a total of 18,689 genes were differentially expressed between Aaa-inoculated and mock-inoculated samples. Of these, 8498 and 10,196 genes were up- and downregulated, respectively. In MT11-610, which is susceptible to red stripe disease, 15,782 genes were differentially expressed between Aaa-inoculated and mock-inoculated samples and 8807 and 6984 genes were up- and downregulated, respectively. The genes that were differentially expressed following Aaa inoculation were mainly involved in photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant–pathogen interaction pathways. Further, qRT-PCR and RNA-seq used for additional validation of 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that eight genes in particular were highly expressed in ROC22. These eight genes participated in the biosynthesis of lignin and coumarin, as well as signal transduction by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), suggesting that they play essential roles in sugarcane resistance to Aaa. Collectively, our results characterized the sugarcane transcriptome during early infection with Aaa, thereby providing insights into the molecular mechanisms responsible for bacterial tolerance.

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