scholarly journals Detection of genetic variations of five MMAF-related genes and their associations with litter size in goat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Yun Pan ◽  
Libang He ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Chuanying Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Indel Mutation ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Dna Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Indel Variation ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background: Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) makes an assignable contribution to male infertility, including QRICH2 , CFAP43 , CFAP44 , CFAP69 , CCDC39 , AKAP4 and DNAH1 gene. This work studied 28 putative indel mutations of MMAF related genes including QRICH2 , CFAP69 , CFAP43 , CCDC39 and DNAH1 gene and their correlation with the first-born litter sizes of 769 Shaanbei white cashmere (SBWC) goats. Results: Electrophoresis and DNA sequencing analysis showed the 11-bp indel within QRICH2 ( QRICH2 -P4), the three indel variations in CFAP69 ( CFAP69 -P4, CFAP69 -P6 and CFAP69 -P7) and the 27-bp indel of DNAH1 ( DNAH1 -P1) were found to be polymorphic. The 27-bp indel variation within DNAH1 was not in consistent with HWE and the other four indel of QRICH2 and CFAP69 were in consistent with HWE. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed the 8-bp indel ( CFAP69 -P4) and the 6-bp indel ( CFAP69- P6) within CFAP69 were in complete LD with each other (D'=0.99, r 2 =1.00). The 27-bp indel mutation within DNAH1 was strongly significantly associated with first-born litter sizes of SBWC goats ( P ＜0.01) and the average litter size of II genotype was significantly greater than ID and DD genotypes ( P = 0.003). In single-lamb and multi-lamb of goat groups, the genotype distributions of the 27-bp indel was significantly different ( P = 0.002). While the 11-bp indel variation of QRICH2 and three indel mutations (P4, P6 and P7) of CFAP69 identified were not ( P ＞0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest the 27-bp indels in the goat DNAH1 can be used as an effective molecular marker for marker-assisted selection of goats reproduction breeding in the future.

Genetic studies of prolificacy in New Zealand sheep

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Davis ◽  
C. A. Morris ◽  
K. G. Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relationship Matrix ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Likelihood Model

AbstractData on ovulation rate, embryo survival and litter size have been analysed from the 1988-96 records collected at AgResearch's Woodlands Research Station on 2180 elite (highly prolific) ewes of three breeds: Romney, Coopworth and Perendale. The Romneys included a subgroup found to carry the sex-linked Inverdale high prolificacy gene. Foundation animals for all breeds were screened on high litter size (lambs born, alive or dead, per ewe lambing) from industry flocks. Prior to being transferred to Woodlands between 1979 and 1984, their average litter size was 2·66. Ovulation rates for descendants of the foundation ewes averaged 2·15 (Romney), 2·43 (Coopworth), 2·15 (Perendale) and 2·96 for the Romney subgroup carrying the Inverdale gene. Embryo survival averaged 0·84 except for a low value in Inverdales (0·76). Using a restricted maximum likelihood model, with full relationship matrix, the within-breed heritability of ovulation rate over all ages and breeds (excluding Inverdale) was 0·14 (s.e. 0·03), with repeatability 0·26 (s.e. 0·02). Litter size averaged 1-80 (Romney), 2·05 (Coopworth), 1·76 (Perendale) and 2·17 (Inverdale). The heritability estimate for litter size (excluding Inverdale) was 0·073 (s.e. 0·018), from data for all ages. The genetic correlation between ovulation rate and litter size was 0·91 (s.e. 0·08). The standard deviation for ovulation rate in the Inverdales was 1·75 times as great as the average of the other three breeds. Embryo survival to term for ewes conceiving to two, three or four ovulations averaged 0·89, 0·77 and 0·64, respectively, and was significantly different among breeds fP < 0·001). The greater ovulation rate in Inverdales than Romneys was sufficient to explain the Inverdale effect on reduced embryo survival. The highest embryo survival was observed in the Coopworth breed (P < 0·001).

Genetic polymorphism in fecundity gene (FecG) among Indiansheep breeds Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jowel Debnath ◽  
Ran Vir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

FecG (GDF9) is a member of the transforming growth factor-b (TGF- b) superfamily, have been shown to be essential for follicular growth and ovulation. Different mutations in FecG gene caused increased ovulation and infertility in sheep. The present study was designed for screening polymorphism of FecG gene in 250 selected ewes from different sheep flocks representing Balangir (100), Shahabadi (100) and Bonpala (50) by employing forced PCR-RFLP technique. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala matured ewes with average litter size varying from 1.00± 0.00 to 1.14±0.02 at different parities. Digestion of FecG (GDF9) gene with DdeI restriction enzyme resulted into FecGHH homozygous genotype. In all three sheep breeds, genotypic frequencies of FecGHH were 100% and gene frequency of H allele was unity. This indicates that the FecG gene is fixed in the Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala population in the natural habitat. Litter size of Balangir and Bonpala sheep breeds were single but in Shahabadi sheep twin was recorded. In present study all the animals of three breeds were homozygous for FecG and there was no infertility observed in above mentioned breeds in field condition and organized farm, which is not in consonance with previous report. The observed effects could be caused by linkage disequilibrium with other nearby loci. The study revealed that FecG gene is not a reliable genetic marker for selection of high prolificacy in sheep.

scholarly journals Polymorphism in BPM-15 gene and its association with litter size in Anglo-Nubian goat

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Y.A. Mustafa ◽  
Errasool Abd ◽  
A.A. El-Hanafy ◽  
A.M. Elmaghraby
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Strong Candidate Gene

For association between BMP-15 (exon2) gene polymorphisms and litter size trait in Anglo-Nubian goat, PCR-SSCP technique was developed. Twenty-five female Anglo-Nubian goats reared under Egyptian conditions were selected according to their litter size. DNA from blood samples of these animals was extracted to amplify 140-bp of the BMP-15 gene affecting litter size production trait in goats. Based on the breeding value, 25 animals were selected from the highest to the lowest litter size productivity. PCR amplification size of the BMP-15 gene (140-bp) was genotyped in all animals. PCR-SSCP analysis of the BMP-15 gene (140-bp) showed three various genotypes BB, BM and MM with frequencies 0.46, 0.43 and 0.11, respectively. The frequencies of the B and M alleles were 0.68 and 0.32, respectively. The results indicated that the BB genotype was higher in litter size productivity than the other genotypes with significant differences. The result of this study confirmed that BMP-15 gene may be a strong candidate gene for further applications in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for litter size in goats.

scholarly journals Suitability of microsatellites BM1329 and OarAElOl as markers for the introgression of the Fec<sup>B</sup> locus into different sheep breeds

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
C. Weimann ◽  
B. Leyhe-Horn ◽  
M. Gauly ◽  
G. Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Gene Carriers ◽  
Gene Test ◽  
Microsatellite Alleles

Abstract. Litter size in sheep can be improved by introgression of the FecB gene. Genetic markers closely linked to the FecB locus can be used to detect gene carriers. The efficiency of introgression can be increased by using marker assisted selection. Individuals of the prolific breeds Tyrolean Mountain sheep (n = 41), Romanov (n = 43), East Friesian Milksheep (n = 35) and Merinoland sheep (n = 265) were genotyped with the microsatellite markers OarAElOl and BMI 329 linked to the FecB gene to estimate allele frequencies of both microsatellites in these breeds. The frequencies of the microsatellite alleles linked to the FecB gene in Merinoland sheep were 0.07 and 0.1 respectively. The alleles occured also in the other breeds (Tyrolean Mountain sheep, Romanov and East Friesian Milksheep) but with mostly higher frequencies. Furthermore the segregation of the microsatellite alleles was studied in families produced by mating Merinoland sheep ewes (Fec+/Fec+) with two heterozygous Booroola Merino rams (Fec+/FecB) in order to use these markers within an indirect gene test. The recombination rate between BM 1329 and OarAElOl was 13 cM (LOD score 14.6).

Increasing litter size in a sheep breed by marker-assisted selection of BMPR1B A746G mutation

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
XIAOYONG CHEN ◽  
HONGXIN SUN ◽  
SHUJUN TIAN ◽  
HAI XIANG ◽  
LIANSHENG ZHOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Sheep Breed ◽  
Selection Of

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

INTERFERENSI GRAMATIKAL DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN BIARKAN AKU MEMULAI KARYA NURUL F. HUDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Zimmatul Liviana
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Ofthe Object ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The research grammatical interference in a collection ofshort stories Biarkan Aku Memula iwork Nurul F. Hudaisa collection ofshort storiesset in the back that Is start work Let Nurul F. Huda contains many grammatical interference.The problem of this   study were(1)how   the various morphologi calinterference containedin   a   collection of short stories Biarkan Aku Memulai work Nurul F. Huda. (2)how the various syntactic interference contained in a collection of short stories Biarkan Aku Memulai work Nurul F. Huda. The purposeof this studyis to describe the morphological and         Syntactic interference contained in a collection of short stories Biarkan Aku Memulai work Nurul F. Huda. Sociolinguistics is the study of language variation and use in society. Interference is the event of the use of language elements of one into the other language elements that occur in the speakers themselves. This research uses descriptive qualitative method because to describe the actual realityin order to obtainan accurateand objective. Qualitative descriptive methods were used to analyzethe elements ofa word orphrase that incorporated elements of other languages with the analysis and description of the formulation of the problem is the answer. Data collection techniques using observation techniques, the determination ofthe object of research, the selection of short stories.Based on the analysis of the data in this study can be found that there are six forms of interference morphology, namely (1) the prefix nasal N-sound, (2) the addition of the suffix, (3) the exchange prefix, (4) exchange suffixes, (5) exchange konfiks, (6) removal affixes. While the syntactic interference only on the words and phrases in a sentence. The results of the study it can be concluded that the interference morphology more common than syntactic interference.

The Propaganda Feedback Loop

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Public ◽  
False Reporting ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
Crowd Out ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter presents a model of the interaction of media outlets, politicians, and the public with an emphasis on the tension between truth-seeking and narratives that confirm partisan identities. This model is used to describe the emergence and mechanics of an insular media ecosystem and how two fundamentally different media ecosystems can coexist. In one, false narratives that reinforce partisan identity not only flourish, but crowd-out true narratives even when these are presented by leading insiders. In the other, false narratives are tested, confronted, and contained by diverse outlets and actors operating in a truth-oriented norms dynamic. Two case studies are analyzed: the first focuses on false reporting on a selection of television networks; the second looks at parallel but politically divergent false rumors—an allegation that Donald Trump raped a 13-yearold and allegations tying Hillary Clinton to pedophilia—and tracks the amplification and resistance these stories faced.

scholarly journals Relationship between rifampin MICs for and rpoB mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Japan.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ohno ◽  
H Koga ◽  
S Kohno ◽  
T Tashiro ◽  
K Hara
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Point Mutation ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

We analyzed the relationship between rifampin MICs and rpoB mutations of 40 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A point mutation in either codon 516, 526, or 531 was found in 13 strains requiring MICs of > or = 64 micrograms/ml, while 21 strains requiring MICs of < or = 1 microgram/ml showed no alteration in these codons. However, 3 of these 21 strains contained a point mutation in either codon 515 or 533. Of the other six strains requiring MICs between 2 and 32 micrograms/ml, three contained a point mutation in codon 516 or 526, while no alteration was detected in the other three. Our results indicate that the sequencing analysis of a 69-bp fragment in the rpoB gene is useful in predicting rifampin-resistant phenotypes.

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