scholarly journals Nutritional Policies and Anaemia Among Under-five Children in Selected South Asian Countries: 1950-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanumant Waghmare ◽  
Nasim Ahamed Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Observatory Data ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract This study provides an understanding between the nutrition policies and nutritional status of under-5 children in South Asian countries. It gives an overview of nutrition policies and actions taken to improve the nutritional status of under-5 children in the South Asian context, focusing on Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. The efforts were taken to understand the legislative actions and children's nutritional status in these countries and their past efforts to deal with anemia. To execute the efforts, data has been taken from the Global Health Observatory Data Repository (GHODR), Demographic Health Survey (DHS) and reviews some of the critical interventions in nutrition within the different countries and draws out several issues that bear on these policies' future evolution. The findings show Around 57.3 percent in India, 40 percent in Bangladesh, 43 percent in Nepal and 59 percent in Pakistan under-5 children were found anaemic in 2016. There are 33 percentage, 31 percent, 20 percent and 12 percent points reduction took place in 26 years between 1990 and 2016 in Bangladesh Nepal, India and Pakistan respectively. The low anemia prevalence was observed in Bangladesh and Nepal despite fewer policies and programs than in India and Pakistan which manifests quality of policy is more important rather than quantity of policy. The findings show that the growth of nutrition policies and the program has a slow pace but positively affects anemia among the under-5 children in South Asian countries. To eradicate anemia among the children and to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), India and Pakistan need to take a policy lesson from the neighboring countries. This study suggests that National Nutrition Program requires inter-sectoral coordination between major Ministries within countries to get required level success within limited time.

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: an analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000–2015 Millennium Development Goals era and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition. China, as a developing country, launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences, and lessons learned from the nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results The literature review documented that during the MDGs era, six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and have achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through the cooperation of multiple sectors and by the government and NGO partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient operational funds from local governments and inadequacy of program monitoring and management. Conclusion Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era have made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight, and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, appropriate policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs in years to come.

Health Inequalities in South Asia at the Launch of Sustainable Development Goals: Exclusions in Health in Kerala, India Need Political Interventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
CU Thresia
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The South ◽  
Development Goals

Despite substantial progress in social development during the post-colonial period, health inequalities in the South Asian countries were staggering, with reduced life expectancy, higher maternal and child mortality, and gender discrimination. Notably, even with the rapid economic growth during the neoliberal period, India fares below most of the South Asian countries in several health indicators. The Indian state of Kerala stands out with social sector gains; nevertheless, evidence indicates widening health inequalities, restricted public arenas, and undemocratic practices in health, particularly in the context of increasing market logic in the health and social arenas shaping health. The caste, class, gender, and ethnic ideologies and patriarchal power structure interwoven in the sociopolitical, cultural, moral, and health discourses similar to the South Asian context raise serious inequalities for health. At the launch of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, the populations with lingering privations and forbidden freedoms for gaining better health in Kerala, similar to South Asia, were largely the dalits, ethnic and religious minorities, and women. This necessitates greater political interventions, recognizing the interacting effects of history, culture, social factors, politics, and policies on health. And public health research needs to underscore this approach.

Family Planning and Its Association with Nutritional Status of Women: Investigation in Select South Asian Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Juel Rana ◽  
Srinivas Goli
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Birth Intervals ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Multiple Classification Analysis ◽  
Multiple Classification ◽  
Status Of Women

Family planning allows couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the timing and spacing of their births. Integration of family planning services in undernutrition elimination programmes is one way to reduce undernutrition in developing countries. In this backdrop, this study assessed the association of women’s nutritional status and family planning, considering the intersectional axes of the timing, spacing and limiting of births as a proxy indicator of family planning. The study used the recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from four South Asian countries (namely, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan) which exhibit prevalence of high malnutrition levels, poor family planning, huge adolescent fertility and shorter birth intervals among women. Along with descriptive and bivariate statistics, multinomial logistic regressions ( mlogit) and Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) conversion models were used to estimate the adjusted percentage of nutritional outcomes by selected independent factors. The results reveal that women’s nutritional status has significant relationship with planning of births. Overall, the findings suggest that planning for timing, spacing and limiting of births can promote better nutritional status in women.

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: An analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000-2015 Millennium Development Goals era, and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background: Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition in order to achieve the nutrition-related SDGs. China as a developing country launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs, that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences and lessons learned from nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era, and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method: The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese Government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results: The literature review documented that during the MDGs six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition Policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through cooperation of multiple sectors and by government and NGOs partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient local working funds, monitoring and inadequate management. Conclusion: Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition, and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-474
Author(s):  
Muhammad Reehan Hameed ◽  
Hafsah Batool ◽  
Arman Khan ◽  
Iftakhar Ahmed ◽  
Naeem Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Developed Countries

Purpose of the study: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations (UN) in 2015 comprising a universally acceptable worldwide development agenda which each country of the world has to achieve till 2030. The purpose of this study is to examine the socio-economic and political transformational challenges confronted to South Asian Countries (SA) i.e. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, in achieving the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methodology: The study uses different statistics of World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Health Organizations (WHO), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to give a comprehensive picture of South Asian economies and the challenges which they are currently facing for achieving the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In our preliminary analysis, the methodology highlighted the issues of South Asian Countries such as poverty (SDG 1), healthy lives and well-being (SDG 3), inclusive and equitable quality education (SDG 4), sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all (SDG 8)". Principal Findings: The statistics presented regarding South Asian economies exhibit a dismal picture. At present, the attainment of these stipulated goals seems impossible and remains elusive if some serious measures have not been taken. The role of DCs and the world community as a whole is significant in this regard. To save the planet from extreme poverty, hunger, malnutrition, equitable access to modern technology, improved education and health for all human beings, the developed countries should give at least one percent of their GNP in the form of development assistance to poor countries. The study suggests that good governance that could undertake and implement structural reforms is necessary to deal with the challenges confronting to South Asian countries in achieving the targets of these stipulated goals. More importantly, the Developed Countries (DCs) started to implement their strategies to view SDGs' targets. Now it is a dire need that DCs should assist the Under Developed Countries (UDCs) and help them from their experience in identifying the transformational challenges which they possibly have to face in achieving SDGs' targets. Otherwise, it looks impossible for the UDCs to come up with these targets till 2030. Applications of this study: The study highlighted some key challenges that South Asian countries face to achieve the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study outcomes can prove very much helpful for South Asian countries for achieving these targets and devising thriving economic policies generous to attaining their targets till 2030.  Novelty/Originality of this study: This study gives a brief picture of the current position of the South Asian countries where they stand regard to Sustainable Development Goals' targets. Moreover, the results and policy recommendations presented at the end of the study provides help to deal with the challenges that are big hindrances in achieving the targets of these SDGs.

scholarly journals Regional Cooperation in Industrial Revolution 4.0 and South Asia: Opportunities, Challenges and Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
Arpita Mukherjee ◽  
Divya Satija
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The South ◽  
Development Goals

This paper examines the current status of use of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (4th IR) in South Asia and the role and need for regional cooperation to harness the potential and benefits of 4th IR. It examines the development across South Asian countries, their participation in international forums, their level of collaboration and cooperation in technology adaptation and digitalization. Based on secondary data analysis and in-depth meetings with experts, the paper explores the potential of 4th IR in this region and identifies the challenges of South Asian countries. It then presents recommendations on how the South Asian countries can harness the benefits of 4th IR and address their common concerns through collaborations under the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), so that all member countries can benefit from 4th IR, by leveraging each other’s best practices and comparative advantages. This can help countries in the region to achieve high and inclusive growth and meet their sustainable development goals. JEL: O3, O57, F13

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