The differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells was reprogrammed in advanced tumor-bearing mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jicong Du ◽  
Penglin Xia ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Ying Cheng ◽  
Ruling Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Multilineage Differentiation ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Advanced Tumor

Abstract Background: Hematopoiesis and the differentiation of HSC have been proved to not only play important roles in cancer progression but also be changed or reprogrammed by the tumor microenvironment itself. In this study, we investigated the changes of HSCs differentiation in advanced tumor-bearing mice. Methods: The tumor-bearing mice model was established by subcutaneously inoculating with xenografts of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells into the right back of male wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Hematopoietic stem cells and multilineage differentiation were evaluated using blood routine, HE-staining, flow cytometry assay and HSCs culture techniques. Results: The multilineage differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells was reprogrammed in vivo . Especially, the differentiations of megakaryocyte and erythrocyte were blocked , while myeloid cell and lymphoid cell differentiation was encouraged in advanced tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: In this study we showed the potential mechanism of hematopoietic disorder in tumor condition from a respective of hematopoietic stem cell and multilineage differentiation, which provided new knowledge regarding cachexia.

Strategies to Protect Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Culture-Induced Stress Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Aerts-Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Induced Stress

: In contrast to their almost unlimited potential for expansion in vivo and despite years of dedicated research and optimization of expansion protocols, the expansion of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) in vitro remains remarkably limited. Increased understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in maintenance, expansion and differentiation of HSCs will enable the development of better protocols for expansion of HSCs. This will allow procurement of HSCs with long-term engraftment potential and a better understanding of the effects of the external influences in and on the hematopoietic niche that may affect HSC function. During collection and culture of HSCs, the cells are exposed to suboptimal conditions that may induce different levels of stress and ultimately affect their self-renewal, differentiation and long-term engraftment potential. Some of these stress factors include normoxia, oxidative stress, extra-physiologic oxygen shock/stress (EPHOSS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, replicative stress, and stress related to DNA damage. Coping with these stress factors may help reduce the negative effects of cell culture on HSC potential, provide a better understanding of the true impact of certain treatments in the absence of confounding stress factors. This may facilitate the development of better ex vivo expansion protocols of HSCs with long-term engraftment potential without induction of stem cell exhaustion by cellular senescence or loss of cell viability. This review summarizes some of available strategies that may be used to protect HSCs from culture-induced stress conditions.

Altered colony-forming activities of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells in mice following short-term in vivo exposure to parathion

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent S. Gallicchio ◽  
Thomas D. Watts ◽  
George P. Casale ◽  
Philip M. Bartholomew
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals Steel factor influences the distribution and activity of murine hematopoietic stem cells in vivo.

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 3760-3764 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fleming ◽  
E. J. Alpern ◽  
N. Uchida ◽  
K. Ikuta ◽  
I. L. Weissman
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Steel Factor

Endothelial stroma programs hematopoietic stem cells to differentiate into regulatory dendritic cells through IL-10

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Tang ◽  
Zhenhong Guo ◽  
Minghui Zhang ◽  
Jianli Wang ◽  
Guoyou Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Regulatory Dendritic Cells

Abstract Regulatory dendritic cells (DCs) have been reported recently, but their origin is poorly understood. Our previous study demonstrated that splenic stroma can drive mature DCs to proliferate and differentiate into regulatory DCs, and their natural counterpart with similar regulatory function in normal spleens has been identified. Considering that the spleen microenvironment supports hematopoiesis and that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are found in spleens of adult mice, we wondered whether splenic microenvironment could differentiate HSCs into regulatory DCs. In this report, we demonstrate that endothelial splenic stroma induce HSCs to differentiate into a distinct regulatory DC subset with high expression of CD11b but low expression of Ia. CD11bhiIalo DCs secreting high levels of TGF-β, IL-10, and NO can suppress T-cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CD11bhiIalo DCs have the ability to potently suppress allo-DTH in vivo, indicating their preventive or therapeutic perspectives for some immunologic disorders. The inhibitory function of CD11bhiIalo DCs is mediated through NO but not through induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells or T-cell anergy. IL-10, which is secreted by endothelial splenic stroma, plays a critical role in the differentiation of the regulatory CD11bhiIalo DCs from HSCs. These results suggest that splenic microenvironment may physiologically induce regulatory DC differentiation in situ.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Through Regulation of Wnt and mTOR Pathways.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 2309-2309
Author(s):  
Jian Huang ◽  
Peter S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mtor Inhibition ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract Abstract 2309 Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain the ability to self-renew and to differentiate into all lineages of the blood. The signaling pathways regulating hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) self-renewal and differentiation are not well understood. We are very interested in understanding the roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (Gsk3) and the signaling pathways regulated by Gsk3 in HSCs. In our previous study (Journal of Clinical Investigation, December 2009) using loss of function approaches (inhibitors, RNAi, and knockout) in mice, we found that Gsk3 plays a pivotal role in controlling the decision between self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs. Disruption of Gsk3 in bone marrow transiently expands HSCs in a b-catenin dependent manner, consistent with a role for Wnt signaling. However, in long-term repopulation assays, disruption of Gsk3 progressively depletes HSCs through activation of mTOR. This long-term HSC depletion is prevented by mTOR inhibition and exacerbated by b-catenin knockout. Thus GSK3 regulates both Wnt and mTOR signaling in HSCs, with opposing effects on HSC self-renewal such that inhibition of Gsk3 in the presence of rapamycin expands the HSC pool in vivo. In the current study, we found that suppression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, an established nutrient sensor, combined with activation of canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, allows the ex vivo maintenance of human and mouse long-term HSCs under cytokine-free conditions. We also show that combining two clinically approved medications that activate Wnt/ß-catenin signaling and inhibit mTOR increases the number of long-term HSCs in vivo. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Repopulating Kupffer Cells Originate Directly from Hematopoietic Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Fan ◽  
Pei Lu ◽  
Xianghua Cui ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Weiran Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Fate Mapping ◽  
Monocytic Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cellular Origin

Abstract Kupffer cells (KCs) originate from yolk sac progenitors before birth, but the origin of repopulating KCs in adult remains unclear. In current study, we firstly traced the fate of preexisting KCs and that of monocytic cells with tissue-resident macrophage-specific and monocytic cell-specific fate mapping mouse models, respectively, and found no evidences that repopulating KCs originate from preexisting KCs or MOs. Secondly, we performed genetic lineage tracing to determine the type of progenitor cells involved in response to KC depletion in mice, and found that in response to KC depletion, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) proliferated in the bone marrow, mobilized into the blood, adoptively transferred into the liver and differentiated into KCs. Finally, we traced the fate of HSCs in a HSC-specific fate-mapping mouse model, in context of chronic liver inflammation induced by repeated carbon tetrachloride treatment, and confirmed that repopulating KCs originated directly from HSCs. Taken together, these findings provided in vivo fate-mapping evidences that repopulating KCs originate directly from hematopoietic stem cells, which present a completely novel understanding of the cellular origin of repopulating Kupffer Cells and shedding light on the divergent roles of KCs in liver homeostasis and diseases.

scholarly journals Loss of Dnmt3a Immortalizes Hematopoietic Stem Cells In Vivo

Cell Reports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Jeong ◽  
Hyun Jung Park ◽  
Hamza Celik ◽  
Elizabeth L. Ostrander ◽  
Jaime M. Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem
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